Aumento da produção de etanol a partir de melaço de cana-de-açúcar pela adição de benzoato

Gutierrez, L.E.; Annichino, A.V.K.O.; Lucatti, L.; Silva, S.B. Leite da

doi:10.1590/S0071-12761991000100002

Resumos

O efeito da adição de benzoato de sódio sobre a fermentação alcoólica de meio de melaço de cana-de-açúcar com 15% de açúcares redutores totais foi estudado utilizando a levedura industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae M-300-A. Foram adicionados 7,5 miligramas de benzoato de sódio para 0,8 gramas de levedura seca durante 0, 2, 4 e 6 ciclos fermentativos. Com a adição de benzoato ocorreu aumento na produção de etanol, redução do crescimento da levedura e dos teores de glicerol e dos álcoois n-propílico, isobutílico e isoamílico. O inibidor não provocou redução da viabilidade celular e após a retirada do inibidor a levedura voltou a apresentar crescimento. Este fato sugere a possibilidade do uso do benzoato em destilarias de álcool combustível.

etanol; fermentação alcoólica; benzoato; melaço

The effect of the addition of sodium benzoate on alcoholic fermentation of molasses medium with 15% total reducing sugars was studied by using industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae M-300-A. Sodium benzoate was added at the rate of 7.5 miligram to 0,8 grams of dry yeast during 0, 2, 4 e 6 fermentative cycles. The addition of sodium benzoate resulted in an increase in ethanol production and a reduction of yeast growth and glycerol and n-propylic, isobutylic and isoamylic alcoholic contents. The inhibitor did not reduce cell viability; soon after its removal the yeast returned to grow. This fact suggests the possibility of using the benzoate in distilleries.

ethanol; alcoholic fermentation; benzoate; molasses

BIOQUÍMICA BIOCHEMISTRY

L.E. Gutierrez; A.V.K.O. Annichino; L. Lucatti; S.B. Leite da Silva

Departamento de Química da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" da Universidade de São Paulo, 13400 - Piracicaba - SP e CEBTEC/FEALQ

RESUMO

O efeito da adição de benzoato de sódio sobre a fermentação alcoólica de meio de melaço de cana-de-açúcar com 15% de açúcares redutores totais foi estudado utilizando a levedura industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae M-300-A. Foram adicionados 7,5 miligramas de benzoato de sódio para 0,8 gramas de levedura seca durante 0, 2, 4 e 6 ciclos fermentativos. Com a adição de benzoato ocorreu aumento na produção de etanol, redução do crescimento da levedura e dos teores de glicerol e dos álcoois n-propílico, isobutílico e isoamílico. O inibidor não provocou redução da viabilidade celular e após a retirada do inibidor a levedura voltou a apresentar crescimento. Este fato sugere a possibilidade do uso do benzoato em destilarias de álcool combustível.

Termos para Indexação: etanol, fermentação alcoólica, benzoato, melaço.

ABSTRACT

The effect of the addition of sodium benzoate on alcoholic fermentation of molasses medium with 15% total reducing sugars was studied by using industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae M-300-A. Sodium benzoate was added at the rate of 7.5 miligram to 0,8 grams of dry yeast during 0, 2, 4 e 6 fermentative cycles. The addition of sodium benzoate resulted in an increase in ethanol production and a reduction of yeast growth and glycerol and n-propylic, isobutylic and isoamylic alcoholic contents. The inhibitor did not reduce cell viability; soon after its removal the yeast returned to grow. This fact suggests the possibility of using the benzoate in distilleries.

Index Terms: ethanol, alcoholic fermentation, benzoate, molasses.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

ALTERTHUM, F. & CRUZ, M.R.M. Aumento do rendimento da fermentação alcoólica pela adição de óleo de soja. Revista de Microbiologia. São Paulo, 18 (1): 52-7, 1987.

AMIN, G.; P. STANDAERT & H. VERACHTERT. Effects of metabolic inhibitors on the alcoholic fermentation by several yeasts in batch or in immobilized cell systems. Applied Microbiology, Berlin, 19: 91-9, 1984 .

AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; GUTIERREZ, L.E. Método rápido para o controle da fermentação e destilação. Saccharum STAB, São Paulo, 4: 31-43, 1979.

AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Novos métodos para o controle da fermentação alcoólica. São Paulo, Socieda de Brasileira de Microbiologia, 1982. 58p.

CAZZULO, J.J. & STOPPANI, A.O.M. The regulation of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-coenzyme-A and L-aspartate. Archive of Biochemistry and Biophysics, New York, 127: 563-7, 1968.

DESROSIER, N.W. The technology of food preservation. Westport, AVI, 1970. 493p.

DOMBEK, K.M. & INGRAM, L.O. Magnesium limitation and its role in apparent toxicity of ethanol during yeast fermentation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Baltimore, 52:975-81, 1986.

DURO, A.F. & SERRANO, R. Inhibition of succinate production during yeast fermentation by deenergization of the plasma membrane. Current Microbiology. New York, 6: 111-3, 1981.

ERNANDES, J.R.; MATULIONIS, M.; CRUZ, S.H.; BERTOLINI, M.C.; LALUCE, C. Isolation of new ethanol-tolerant yeasts for fuel ethanol production from sucrose. Biotechnology Letters, Kew, 12. (6): 4 63-8, 1990.

GIUDICI, P.; GUERZONI, M.E.; CONTE, L. Relationship of cellular fatty acid compositor to the ethanol productivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Vini D'ltalia, 25: (145):147-53, 1983.

GOMES, F.P. Curso de Estatística Experimental São Paulo, Nobel, 1970. 485p.

GRIFFITH, A. D.; CYR, D.M.; EGAN, S.G.; TREMBLAY, C.C. Inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase by sequestration of coenzyme A with sodium benzoate. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. San Diego, 269 (1): 201-7, 1989.

GUTIERREZ, L.E. Efeito dos ácidos fórmico e propiônico sobre a produção de álcoois superiores durante a fermentação alcoólica Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz". Piracicaba, 45 (2): 369-379, 1988.

GUTIERREZ, L.E. Estudo comparativo da fermentação alcoólica por linhagens de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces uvarum. Piracicaba, 1989. 160p. (Livre-Docência - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/USP).

LARUE, F., LAFON-LAFOURCADE, S.; GAYON, P.R. Relationship between the sterol content of yeast cells and their fermentation activity in grape must. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 39 (4): 808-11, 1980.

LEHNINGER, A.L. Biochemistry. New York, Worth, 1970. 833p.

MENON, S.; FLECK, R.W.; YONG, G.; STROTHKAMP, KG. Benzoic acid inhibition of the alpha, beta and gama isozymes of Agaricusbisporus tyrosinase. Archives____of Biochemistry and Biophysics. New York, 280 (1 ) : 27-32 . 1990.

NABAIS, R.C.; CORREIA, I.S.; VIEGAS, C.A.; NOVAIS, J.M. Influence of calcium ion on ethanol tolerance of Saccharomyces bayanus and alcoholic fermentation by yeast. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 54 (10): 2439-46, 1988.

NAGAR-LEGMANN,R.; MARGALITH, P. A comparative study of the lipid composition of yeasts with different fermentative capacities. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Berlin, 26:49-54, 1987.

NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. Acta Chemica Scandinavica. Copenhagen, 20 (4). 1016-25, 1966.

NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. II. Carbon and redox balances. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, London, 74: 429-32, 1968.

ODERINE, R.A.; NGOKA, L.C.; ADESOGAN, E.K. Comparative study of the effect of ferrocyanide and EDTA on the production of ethyl alcohol from molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. New York, 28: 1462-5, 1986.

OHTA, K. & HAYASHIDA, S. Role of tween 80 and monoolein in a lipid-sterol-protein complex which enhances ethanol tolerance os sake yeasts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Baltimore, 46(4):824-5.1983. OURA, E. Reaction products of yeast fermentations. Process Biochemistry. Rickmansworth, 12: 19-35, 1977.

PALACIAN, E.; TORRONTEGUI, G.; LOSADA, M. Inhibition of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by L-aspartate and oxaloacetate. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, San Diego, 24 (5): 644-9, 1966.

PATIL, S.G.; GOKHALE, D.V.; PATIL, B.G. Enhancement in ethanol production from cane molaasses by skim milk supplementation. Enzyme and Microbial Tecnology, Guildford, 8 : 481-4, 1986.

PIERCE, J.S. Institute of Brewing: analysis committee measurement of yeast viability. Journal of the Institute of Brewing. London, 76 (5):442-3, 1970.

SAIGAL, D. & VISWANATHAN, L. Effect of oils and fatty acids on the tolerance of distiller's yeast to alcohol and temperature. International Sugar Journal. Port Talbot, 85 (1017): 266-9, 1983.

SANTOS, M. N. G. Seleção de leveduras termotolerantes para a produção de etanol. Viçosa, 1988. (Dissertação - Universidade Federal de Viçosa).

WATSON, K. Unsaturated fatty acid but not ergosterol is essential for high ethanol production in Saccharomyces. Biotechnology Letters. Kew, 4 (6): 197-402, 1982.

ZAGO, E.A.; AMORIM, H.V.; BASSO, L.C.; GUTIERREZ. L.E.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Métodos analíticos para o controle da produção de etanol. Piracicaba, ESALQ, Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola, 1989, 144p.

Entregue para publicação em 29.01.91

Aprovado para publicação em 25.02.91

ALTERTHUM, F. & CRUZ, M.R.M. Aumento do rendimento da fermentação alcoólica pela adição de óleo de soja. Revista de Microbiologia São Paulo, 18 (1): 52-7, 1987.
AMIN, G.; P. STANDAERT & H. VERACHTERT. Effects of metabolic inhibitors on the alcoholic fermentation by several yeasts in batch or in immobilized cell systems. Applied Microbiology, Berlin, 19: 91-9, 1984 .
AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; GUTIERREZ, L.E. Método rápido para o controle da fermentação e destilação. Saccharum STAB, São Paulo, 4: 31-43, 1979.
AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Novos métodos para o controle da fermentação alcoólica São Paulo, Socieda de Brasileira de Microbiologia, 1982. 58p.
CAZZULO, J.J. & STOPPANI, A.O.M. The regulation of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-coenzyme-A and L-aspartate. Archive of Biochemistry and Biophysics, New York, 127: 563-7, 1968.
DESROSIER, N.W. The technology of food preservation Westport, AVI, 1970. 493p.
DOMBEK, K.M. & INGRAM, L.O. Magnesium limitation and its role in apparent toxicity of ethanol during yeast fermentation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Baltimore, 52:975-81, 1986.
DURO, A.F. & SERRANO, R. Inhibition of succinate production during yeast fermentation by deenergization of the plasma membrane. Current Microbiology New York, 6: 111-3, 1981.
ERNANDES, J.R.; MATULIONIS, M.; CRUZ, S.H.; BERTOLINI, M.C.; LALUCE, C. Isolation of new ethanol-tolerant yeasts for fuel ethanol production from sucrose. Biotechnology Letters, Kew, 12 (6): 4 63-8, 1990.
GIUDICI, P.; GUERZONI, M.E.; CONTE, L. Relationship of cellular fatty acid compositor to the ethanol productivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vini D'ltalia, 25: (145):147-53, 1983.
GOMES, F.P. Curso de Estatística Experimental São Paulo, Nobel, 1970. 485p.
GRIFFITH, A. D.; CYR, D.M.; EGAN, S.G.; TREMBLAY, C.C. Inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase by sequestration of coenzyme A with sodium benzoate. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics San Diego, 269 (1): 201-7, 1989.
GUTIERREZ, L.E. Efeito dos ácidos fórmico e propiônico sobre a produção de álcoois superiores durante a fermentação alcoólica Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" Piracicaba, 45 (2): 369-379, 1988.
GUTIERREZ, L.E. Estudo comparativo da fermentação alcoólica por linhagens de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces uvarum. Piracicaba, 1989. 160p. (Livre-Docência - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/USP).
LARUE, F., LAFON-LAFOURCADE, S.; GAYON, P.R. Relationship between the sterol content of yeast cells and their fermentation activity in grape must. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 39 (4): 808-11, 1980.
LEHNINGER, A.L. Biochemistry New York, Worth, 1970. 833p.
MENON, S.; FLECK, R.W.; YONG, G.; STROTHKAMP, KG. Benzoic acid inhibition of the alpha, beta and gama isozymes of Agaricusbisporus tyrosinase. Archives____of Biochemistry and Biophysics New York, 280 (1 ) : 27-32 . 1990.
NABAIS, R.C.; CORREIA, I.S.; VIEGAS, C.A.; NOVAIS, J.M. Influence of calcium ion on ethanol tolerance of Saccharomyces bayanus and alcoholic fermentation by yeast. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 54 (10): 2439-46, 1988.
NAGAR-LEGMANN,R.; MARGALITH, P. A comparative study of the lipid composition of yeasts with different fermentative capacities. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Berlin, 26:49-54, 1987.
NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. Acta Chemica Scandinavica Copenhagen, 20 (4). 1016-25, 1966.
NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. II. Carbon and redox balances. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, London, 74: 429-32, 1968.
ODERINE, R.A.; NGOKA, L.C.; ADESOGAN, E.K. Comparative study of the effect of ferrocyanide and EDTA on the production of ethyl alcohol from molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, 28: 1462-5, 1986.
OHTA, K. & HAYASHIDA, S. Role of tween 80 and monoolein in a lipid-sterol-protein complex which enhances ethanol tolerance os sake yeasts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Baltimore, 46(4):824-5.1983.
OURA, E. Reaction products of yeast fermentations. Process Biochemistry Rickmansworth, 12: 19-35, 1977.
PALACIAN, E.; TORRONTEGUI, G.; LOSADA, M. Inhibition of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by L-aspartate and oxaloacetate. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, San Diego, 24 (5): 644-9, 1966.
PATIL, S.G.; GOKHALE, D.V.; PATIL, B.G. Enhancement in ethanol production from cane molaasses by skim milk supplementation. Enzyme and Microbial Tecnology, Guildford, 8 : 481-4, 1986.
PIERCE, J.S. Institute of Brewing: analysis committee measurement of yeast viability. Journal of the Institute of Brewing London, 76 (5):442-3, 1970.
SAIGAL, D. & VISWANATHAN, L. Effect of oils and fatty acids on the tolerance of distiller's yeast to alcohol and temperature. International Sugar Journal Port Talbot, 85 (1017): 266-9, 1983.
SANTOS, M. N. G. Seleção de leveduras termotolerantes para a produção de etanol. Viçosa, 1988. (Dissertação - Universidade Federal de Viçosa).
WATSON, K. Unsaturated fatty acid but not ergosterol is essential for high ethanol production in Saccharomyces Biotechnology Letters Kew, 4 (6): 197-402, 1982.
ZAGO, E.A.; AMORIM, H.V.; BASSO, L.C.; GUTIERREZ. L.E.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Métodos analíticos para o controle da produção de etanol Piracicaba, ESALQ, Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola, 1989, 144p.

Aumento da produção de etanol a partir de melaço de cana-de-açúcar pela adição de benzoato

Enhancement in ethanol production prom cane molasses by benzoate addition

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
06 Maio 2009
Data do Fascículo
1991

Histórico

Recebido
29 Jan 1991
Aceito
25 Fev 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ALTERTHUM, F. & CRUZ, M.R.M. Aumento do rendimento da fermentação alcoólica pela adição de óleo de soja. Revista de Microbiologia São Paulo, 18 (1): 52-7, 1987.

[2] AMIN, G.; P. STANDAERT & H. VERACHTERT. Effects of metabolic inhibitors on the alcoholic fermentation by several yeasts in batch or in immobilized cell systems. Applied Microbiology, Berlin, 19: 91-9, 1984 .

[3] AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; GUTIERREZ, L.E. Método rápido para o controle da fermentação e destilação. Saccharum STAB, São Paulo, 4: 31-43, 1979.

[4] AMORIM, H.V.; ZAGO, E.A.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Novos métodos para o controle da fermentação alcoólica São Paulo, Socieda de Brasileira de Microbiologia, 1982. 58p.

[5] CAZZULO, J.J. & STOPPANI, A.O.M. The regulation of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-coenzyme-A and L-aspartate. Archive of Biochemistry and Biophysics, New York, 127: 563-7, 1968.

[6] DESROSIER, N.W. The technology of food preservation Westport, AVI, 1970. 493p.

[7] DOMBEK, K.M. & INGRAM, L.O. Magnesium limitation and its role in apparent toxicity of ethanol during yeast fermentation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Baltimore, 52:975-81, 1986.

[8] DURO, A.F. & SERRANO, R. Inhibition of succinate production during yeast fermentation by deenergization of the plasma membrane. Current Microbiology New York, 6: 111-3, 1981.

[9] ERNANDES, J.R.; MATULIONIS, M.; CRUZ, S.H.; BERTOLINI, M.C.; LALUCE, C. Isolation of new ethanol-tolerant yeasts for fuel ethanol production from sucrose. Biotechnology Letters, Kew, 12 (6): 4 63-8, 1990.

[10] GIUDICI, P.; GUERZONI, M.E.; CONTE, L. Relationship of cellular fatty acid compositor to the ethanol productivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vini D'ltalia, 25: (145):147-53, 1983.

[11] GOMES, F.P. Curso de Estatística Experimental São Paulo, Nobel, 1970. 485p.

[12] GRIFFITH, A. D.; CYR, D.M.; EGAN, S.G.; TREMBLAY, C.C. Inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase by sequestration of coenzyme A with sodium benzoate. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics San Diego, 269 (1): 201-7, 1989.

[13] GUTIERREZ, L.E. Efeito dos ácidos fórmico e propiônico sobre a produção de álcoois superiores durante a fermentação alcoólica Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" Piracicaba, 45 (2): 369-379, 1988.

[14] GUTIERREZ, L.E. Estudo comparativo da fermentação alcoólica por linhagens de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces uvarum. Piracicaba, 1989. 160p. (Livre-Docência - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/USP).

[15] LARUE, F., LAFON-LAFOURCADE, S.; GAYON, P.R. Relationship between the sterol content of yeast cells and their fermentation activity in grape must. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 39 (4): 808-11, 1980.

[16] LEHNINGER, A.L. Biochemistry New York, Worth, 1970. 833p.

[17] MENON, S.; FLECK, R.W.; YONG, G.; STROTHKAMP, KG. Benzoic acid inhibition of the alpha, beta and gama isozymes of Agaricusbisporus tyrosinase. Archives____of Biochemistry and Biophysics New York, 280 (1 ) : 27-32 . 1990.

[18] NABAIS, R.C.; CORREIA, I.S.; VIEGAS, C.A.; NOVAIS, J.M. Influence of calcium ion on ethanol tolerance of Saccharomyces bayanus and alcoholic fermentation by yeast. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Baltimore, 54 (10): 2439-46, 1988.

[19] NAGAR-LEGMANN,R.; MARGALITH, P. A comparative study of the lipid composition of yeasts with different fermentative capacities. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Berlin, 26:49-54, 1987.

[20] NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. Acta Chemica Scandinavica Copenhagen, 20 (4). 1016-25, 1966.

[21] NORDSTROM, K. Yeast growth and glycerol formation. II. Carbon and redox balances. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, London, 74: 429-32, 1968.

[22] ODERINE, R.A.; NGOKA, L.C.; ADESOGAN, E.K. Comparative study of the effect of ferrocyanide and EDTA on the production of ethyl alcohol from molasses by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, 28: 1462-5, 1986.

[23] OHTA, K. & HAYASHIDA, S. Role of tween 80 and monoolein in a lipid-sterol-protein complex which enhances ethanol tolerance os sake yeasts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Baltimore, 46(4):824-5.1983.

[24] OURA, E. Reaction products of yeast fermentations. Process Biochemistry Rickmansworth, 12: 19-35, 1977.

[25] PALACIAN, E.; TORRONTEGUI, G.; LOSADA, M. Inhibition of yeast pyruvate carboxylase by L-aspartate and oxaloacetate. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, San Diego, 24 (5): 644-9, 1966.

[26] PATIL, S.G.; GOKHALE, D.V.; PATIL, B.G. Enhancement in ethanol production from cane molaasses by skim milk supplementation. Enzyme and Microbial Tecnology, Guildford, 8 : 481-4, 1986.

[27] PIERCE, J.S. Institute of Brewing: analysis committee measurement of yeast viability. Journal of the Institute of Brewing London, 76 (5):442-3, 1970.

[28] SAIGAL, D. & VISWANATHAN, L. Effect of oils and fatty acids on the tolerance of distiller's yeast to alcohol and temperature. International Sugar Journal Port Talbot, 85 (1017): 266-9, 1983.

[29] SANTOS, M. N. G. Seleção de leveduras termotolerantes para a produção de etanol. Viçosa, 1988. (Dissertação - Universidade Federal de Viçosa).

[30] WATSON, K. Unsaturated fatty acid but not ergosterol is essential for high ethanol production in Saccharomyces Biotechnology Letters Kew, 4 (6): 197-402, 1982.

[31] ZAGO, E.A.; AMORIM, H.V.; BASSO, L.C.; GUTIERREZ. L.E.; OLIVEIRA, A.J. Métodos analíticos para o controle da produção de etanol Piracicaba, ESALQ, Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola, 1989, 144p.