Tomato rugose mosaic virus in Tomato Crops in São Paulo State, Brazil

Presença do Tomato rugose mosaic virus em cultivos de tomateiro no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL NOTES NOTAS FITOPATOLÓGICAS

Tomato rugose mosaic virus in Tomato Crops in São Paulo State, Brazil

Presença do Tomato rugose mosaic virus em cultivos de tomateiro no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Addolorata Colariccio^I; Jéssica C. Bergmann^I; Marcelo Eiras^I; Alexandre L.R. Chaves^I; César M. Chagas^I; F. Murilo Zerbini^II

^ILaboratório de Fitovirologia e Fisiopatologia, Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves, 1252, CEP 04014-002, São Paulo, SP. E-mail: [e-mail]

^IIDepartamento de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP 36571-000, Viçosa, MG

RESUMO

Em levantamento realizado em cultivos de tomateiro no Estado de São Paulo, identificou-se o Tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV) associado a sintomas de redução de crescimento, mosaico e rugosidade foliar.

Geminiviruses were of limited economic importance to tomato crops until the introduction of Bemisia tabaci biotype B, when an increase in the incidence of begomovirus was reported (Ribeiro et al., Arch. Virol. 148:281. 2003). In recent years, the occurrence of geminivirus in tomato causing a severe outbreak has been observed in the Campinas region, SP. In preliminary surveys Tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV) turned out to be the most frequent begomovirus species, affecting about 70% of tomato crops. Occasionally, however, another possible begomovirus, inducing leaf crumple, has been noticed affecting tomato in that region (Colariccio et al., Summa Phytopathol. 27:105. 2001). The present work aimed to identify the virus associated with the leaf crumple symptom. Thus, leaf samples from affected ‘Carmen’ tomato plants from Mogi Guaçu, SP, showing growth reduction, green and yellow mosaic, besides leaf crumple and curling, were submitted to electron microscopy, mechanical, graft and Bemisia tabaci transmissions, as well as DNA extraction for PCR using universal primers (Rojas et al., Plant Dis. 77:340. 1993). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed to compare this virus with other geminivirus sequences deposited in the GenBank. Typical geminated particles were observed in negatively stained preparations from foliar veins. In situ observation revealed the presence of hexagonally-packed crystalline array or of loose aggregates in the nuclei of phloem-infected parenchyma cells, with partial alteration of nucleoli into a granular structure. These cytopathic effects corresponded to those described for begomoviruses. The virus was transmitted by B. tabaci and graft, but not mechanically, like Tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV) from Minas Gerais State. A DNA-A fragment of about 1.2 kbp was amplified, and the sequence showed 98% identity with ToRMV-[MG-Ub1] isolated in Minas Gerais, Brazil. They also shared the same cluster in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1). These results indicate that the begomovirus isolated in the present work is an isolate of ToRMV, named ToRMV-SP. In the twelve tomato-growing regions surveyed, ToRMV was found infecting tomatoes in only one. ToRMV was first described in Minas Gerais (Fernandes et al. Fitopatol. Bras. 25: 440. 2000), and the complete sequencing of ToRMV-SP is required for further comparative studies.

Accepted for publication 29/12/2006

Author for correspondence: Addolorata Colariccio

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  16 Mar 2007
• Date of issue
  Dec 2006