Zinco e cromo na cicatrização de feridas em ratos normais e diabéticos

The effect of zinc and chromium on wound healing in normal and diabetic rats

ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Zinco e cromo na cicatrização de feridas em ratos normais e diabéticos

The effect of zinc and chromium on wound healing in normal and diabetic rats

Sandra Pedroso de Moraes, TCBC-SP^I; Fátima Regina Chaves^II; Sérgio Banci^III; Patrícia A. Rover^IV; Flávia Georgetti^IV; José Alfredo dos Reis Neto, TCBC-SP^V

^IDoutora e Professora Titular do Departamento de Cirurgia da PUC-Campinas

^IIDoutora e Professora Titular do Departamento de Clínica Médica da PUC-Campinas

^IIIResidente do Departamento de Cirurgia

^IVAlunos do Curso de Graduação em Medicina

^VLivre Docente e Professor Titular do Departamento de Cirurgia da PUC-Campinas

^{Endereço para correspondência}

RESUMO

O retardo da cicatrização de feridas em pacientes diabéticos eleva os custos hospitalares e a morbidade dos procedimentos operatórios. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência da suplementação dietética de óxido de zinco e cromo (ZC) na reparação tecidual de feridas cutâneas. Foram estudados 69 ratos Wistar, pesando entre 200-270 gramas, separados em cinco grupos (G). Na primeira semana do experimento induziu-se diabetes com streptozotocin em 53 animais (GIII, GIV, GV). A partir do 8º dia os ratos normais (GI, GII) e os diabéticos receberam, além de ração e água: GI, nenhum tratamento (NT); GII, ZC adicionados à água; GIII, NT; GIV, insulina; GV, ZC e insulina. No 15º dia foi retirado fragmento elíptico de pele e subcutâneo do dorso dos animais. Nos 15º, 22º, 29º e 36º dias, as feridas operatórias foram fotografadas. Essas fotografias foram transferidas para computador, onde foram calculadas as suas áreas. Os valores obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. No 22º dia da avaliação, não houve diferença significante (NS) na redução das áreas das feridas operatórias entre os grupos. Nas datas seguintes, os ratos diabéticos não tratados (GIII) também não apresentaram diferença significante na redução das áreas das feridas operatórias (RA) em relação aos normais (GI). Mas os tratados com zinco e cromo e com insulina (GII, GIV e GV) apresentaram RA significativamente maior do que os do GIII. O GV apresentou maior RA do que o GIV, porém NS. Conclui-se que o tratamento de ratos diabéticos com insulina e a suplementação dietética de ZC favorecem a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas.

Descritores: Zinco; Cromo; Cicatrização; Diabetes.

ABSTRACT

The delay in tissue repair of cutaneous wounds in diabetic patients increase hospital costs and morbidity in surgical procedures. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of zinc oxide and chromium as diet supplements (ZC) in tissue repair of cutaneous wounds. This study was carried out in 69 Wistar rats with weight ranging from 200 to 270 grams divided in 5 (five) groups (G). Diabetes was induced in 53 animals with streptozotocin in the first week of the study (GIII, GIV, and GV). After the 8th day, normal (GI, GII) and diabetic rats (GIII, GIV, GV) received diet supplements together with food and water: GI, no treatment (NT); GII, ZC added to the water; GIII, NT; GIV, insulin; GV, ZC and insulin. On the 15th day an elliptical fragment was taken from the skin and from the dorsum of the animals. The operative wounds were then photographed on days 15, 22, 29 and 36. These pictures were sent to a computer and wound areas were calculated. The scores obtained were then subjected to statistical analysis. On the 22nd day of assessment there was no significant difference (NS) in the reduction of the operative wound site among the groups (RA). In the following dates the diabetic rats that did not receive the treatment (GII) also did not have any significant difference in RA in comparison to normal rats (GI). On the other hand, those rats treated with zinc, chromium and insulin (GII, GIV. and GV) had a higher RA level than those of the GIII did. The GV had a higher level of RA than GIV, but it was not significant. (NS). The conclusion was that the treatment of diabetic rats with insulin and diet supplement with ZC improved the healing of cutaneous wounds.

Key words: Zinc, Chromium, Wound healing, Diabetes.

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Recebido em 20/12/1999

Aceito para publicação em 2/5/2000

Trabalho realizado no Laboratório de Técnica Operatória e Cirurgia Experimental da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas – SP.

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  18 Dez 2008
• Data do Fascículo
  Dez 2000

Histórico

• Aceito
  02 Maio 2000
• Recebido
  20 Dez 1999