Avaliação de cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) em competição com Euphorbia heterophylla L. sob três densidades e dois períodos de ocorrência

Chemale, V. M.; Fleck, N. G.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83581982000200006

Resumos

O presente trabalho, conduzido durante o ano agrícola de 1979/80 na Estação Experimental Agronômica de UFRGS, em Guaíba, RS, apresentou como objetivo testar quatro cultivares de soja (Paraná, Prata, Hood e IAS-4) quanto à sua habilidade em concorrer com Euphorbia heterophylla L. (leiteira, amendoim-bravo) estabelecida em três densidades (0, 12 e 54 plan-tas/m2, em média) e dois períodos de duração da competição (45 e 115 dias após a emergência da soja). Constatou-se que houve redução no rendimento de grãos de soja por efeito dos dois períodos de competição e das densidades de E. heterophylla L. referidas. Também os números de grãos e de legumes por área foram consideravelmente reduzidos pela presença da planta daninha associada ao período mais prolongado de competição. A espessura do caule e o número de nós das plantas de soja decresceram apenas sob o efeito da maior densidade da Euphorbia; entretanto, o número de ramos e o índice de área foliar, este aos 75 dias após a emergência da cultura, sofreram redução com a infestação de 12 plantas de Euphorbia por m2.

Plantas daninhas; competição; Euphorbia heterophylla L.; soja; cultivares

A field experiment was performed at the Agronomy Experimental Station of UFRGS, in Guaíba, RS, Brazil, during the 1979/80 growing season, in order to test four soybean cultivars (Paraná, Prata, Hood e IAS-4) in competition with Euphorbia heterophylla L. established in three densities (0, 12 and 54 plants/m2) during two periods (45 and 115 days after soybean emergence). It was observed that soybean cultivars presented reduction of seed yields under the effect of the pe riods of competition and densities of Euphorbia heterophylla L. The number of seeds and pods per area were considerably reduced in the presence of the weed associated with the longest competition period. The stem diameter and number of nodes were reduced only by competition of the highest Euphorbia density; however, the number of branches and leaf area index, this after a period of 75 days of crop-weed association, were already reduced by a density of 12 plants/m2 of Euphorbia heterophylla L.

Weeds; competition; Euphorbia heterophylla L.; soybean; cultivars

ARTIGOS

Avaliação de cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) em competição com Euphorbia heterophylla L. sob três densidades e dois períodos de ocorrência

Evaluation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars in competition with Euphorbia heterophylla L. in three densities and two periods of occurrence

V. M. Chemale^I; N. G. Fleck^II

^IBióloga - Instituto de Pesquisa Agronômica (IPAGRO), Porto Alegre - RS, 90000

^IIProfessor Adjunto -Depto. de Fitotecnia da Faculdade de Agronomia da UFRGS - Porto Alegre - RS, 90000. Bolsista do CNPq

RESUMO

O presente trabalho, conduzido durante o ano agrícola de 1979/80 na Estação Experimental Agronômica de UFRGS, em Guaíba, RS, apresentou como objetivo testar quatro cultivares de soja (Paraná, Prata, Hood e IAS-4) quanto à sua habilidade em concorrer com Euphorbia heterophylla L. (leiteira, amendoim-bravo) estabelecida em três densidades (0, 12 e 54 plan-tas/m2, em média) e dois períodos de duração da competição (45 e 115 dias após a emergência da soja).

Constatou-se que houve redução no rendimento de grãos de soja por efeito dos dois períodos de competição e das densidades de E. heterophylla L. referidas. Também os números de grãos e de legumes por área foram consideravelmente reduzidos pela presença da planta daninha associada ao período mais prolongado de competição.

A espessura do caule e o número de nós das plantas de soja decresceram apenas sob o efeito da maior densidade da Euphorbia; entretanto, o número de ramos e o índice de área foliar, este aos 75 dias após a emergência da cultura, sofreram redução com a infestação de 12 plantas de Euphorbia por m2.

Palavras chave: Plantas daninhas, competição, Euphorbia heterophylla L., soja, cultivares.

SUMMARY

A field experiment was performed at the Agronomy Experimental Station of UFRGS, in Guaíba, RS, Brazil, during the 1979/80 growing season, in order to test four soybean cultivars (Paraná, Prata, Hood e IAS-4) in competition with Euphorbia heterophylla L. established in three densities (0, 12 and 54 plants/m2) during two periods (45 and 115 days after soybean emergence).

It was observed that soybean cultivars presented reduction of seed yields under the effect of the pe riods of competition and densities of Euphorbia heterophylla L. The number of seeds and pods per area were considerably reduced in the presence of the weed associated with the longest competition period.

The stem diameter and number of nodes were reduced only by competition of the highest Euphorbia density; however, the number of branches and leaf area index, this after a period of 75 days of crop-weed association, were already reduced by a density of 12 plants/m2 of Euphorbia heterophylla L.

Keywords: Weeds, competition, Euphorbia heterophylla L., soybean, cultivars.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

LITERATURA CITADA

Parte da dissertação de mestrado em agronomia do primeiro autor; Faculdade de Agronomia/UFRGS.

Trabalho realizado com recursos financeiros provenientes do CNPq, da EMBRAPA, da FAPERGS e PROPESP/UFRGS.

1. Barrentine, W.L. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Science, 22: 600-603, 1974.
2. Blanco, H.G.; Oliveira, D.A.; Araújo, J.B.M. & Grasi, N. Observações sobre o período em que as plantas daninhas competem com a soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). O Biológico, 39: 31-35, 1973.
3. Burnside, O.C. & Colville, W.L. Soybean and weed yields as affected by irrigation, row spacing -tillage, and amiben. Weeds, 12: 109-112, 1964.
4. Camargo, P.N. Controle químico de plantas daninhas 2. ed., Piracicaba, ESALQ, 13,14, 1970.
6. Cartter, G.L. & Hartwig, E.E. The management of soybeans. In: Norman, A.E. The soybeans: genetics, breeding, physiology, nutrition, management. 2. ed. New York, Academic Press. p. 162-226, 1963.
7. Coble, H.D. & Ritter , R.L. Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.) interference in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Weed Science, 26: 556-559, 1978.
8. Eaton, B.J.; Feltner, K.C. & Russ, O.G. Venice -mallow competition in soybeans. Weed Science, 21: 89-93, 1973.
9. Eaton, B.J.; Russ, O.G. & Feltner, K.C. Competition of velvetleaf, prickly sida, and Venice mallow in soybeans. Weed Science, 24: 224-228, 1976.
10. Fleck, N.G. Competition of sicklepod, Cassia obtusifolia L., densities on soybean, Glycine max (L) Merril at variable row distances. 169f. Thesis (Ph.D.). University of Florida, 1976.
11. Hagood, E.S.; Bauman Jr., T.T.; Williams, G.L. & Schreiber, M.M. Growth analysis of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.). Weed Science, 28: 729-734, 1980.
13. Hamerton, J.L. Effects of weed competition, defoliation and time of harvest on soybeans. Experimental Agriculture, 8: 333-338, 1972.
14. Knake, E.L. & Slife, F.W. Competition of Setaria faberii with corn and soybeans. Weeds, 10: 26-29, 1962.
15. Moolani, M.K.; Knake, E.L. & Slife, F.W. Competition of smooth pigweed with corn and soybeans. Weeds, 12: 126-128, 1964.
16. Murphy, T.R. & Gosset, B.J. Influence of shading by soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) on weed suppression. Weed Science, 29: 610-615, 1981.
17. Nester, R.P.R.; Hargert, T.R. & McCormic, L.L. Weed watch; wild poinsettia. Weeds Today, 10: 24-25, 1979.
18. Pyon, G.Y. & Kim, Y.R. Competitive effects of annual weeds on soybeans. Journal of Korean Society of Crop Science, 3: 86-89, 1978.
19. Staniforth, D.W. Soybean-foxtali competition under varying soil moisture conditions. Agronomy Journal, 50: 13-15, 1958.
20. Thurlow, D.L. & Buchanan, G.A. Competition of sicklepod with soybeans. Weed Science, 20: 379-384, 1972.
21. Weber, C.R. & Staniforth, D.W. Competition relationships in variable weed and soybean stands. Agronomy Journal, 49: 440-444, 1957.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
30 Maio 2012
Data do Fascículo
Dez 1982

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Barrentine, W.L. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Science, 22: 600-603, 1974.

[2] 2. Blanco, H.G.; Oliveira, D.A.; Araújo, J.B.M. & Grasi, N. Observações sobre o período em que as plantas daninhas competem com a soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). O Biológico, 39: 31-35, 1973.

[3] 3. Burnside, O.C. & Colville, W.L. Soybean and weed yields as affected by irrigation, row spacing -tillage, and amiben. Weeds, 12: 109-112, 1964.

[4] 4. Camargo, P.N. Controle químico de plantas daninhas 2. ed., Piracicaba, ESALQ, 13,14, 1970.

[5] 6. Cartter, G.L. & Hartwig, E.E. The management of soybeans. In: Norman, A.E. The soybeans: genetics, breeding, physiology, nutrition, management. 2. ed. New York, Academic Press. p. 162-226, 1963.

[6] 7. Coble, H.D. & Ritter , R.L. Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.) interference in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Weed Science, 26: 556-559, 1978.

[7] 8. Eaton, B.J.; Feltner, K.C. & Russ, O.G. Venice -mallow competition in soybeans. Weed Science, 21: 89-93, 1973.

[8] 9. Eaton, B.J.; Russ, O.G. & Feltner, K.C. Competition of velvetleaf, prickly sida, and Venice mallow in soybeans. Weed Science, 24: 224-228, 1976.

[9] 10. Fleck, N.G. Competition of sicklepod, Cassia obtusifolia L., densities on soybean, Glycine max (L) Merril at variable row distances. 169f. Thesis (Ph.D.). University of Florida, 1976.

[10] 11. Hagood, E.S.; Bauman Jr., T.T.; Williams, G.L. & Schreiber, M.M. Growth analysis of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.). Weed Science, 28: 729-734, 1980.

[11] 13. Hamerton, J.L. Effects of weed competition, defoliation and time of harvest on soybeans. Experimental Agriculture, 8: 333-338, 1972.

[12] 14. Knake, E.L. & Slife, F.W. Competition of Setaria faberii with corn and soybeans. Weeds, 10: 26-29, 1962.

[13] 15. Moolani, M.K.; Knake, E.L. & Slife, F.W. Competition of smooth pigweed with corn and soybeans. Weeds, 12: 126-128, 1964.

[14] 16. Murphy, T.R. & Gosset, B.J. Influence of shading by soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) on weed suppression. Weed Science, 29: 610-615, 1981.

[15] 17. Nester, R.P.R.; Hargert, T.R. & McCormic, L.L. Weed watch; wild poinsettia. Weeds Today, 10: 24-25, 1979.

[16] 18. Pyon, G.Y. & Kim, Y.R. Competitive effects of annual weeds on soybeans. Journal of Korean Society of Crop Science, 3: 86-89, 1978.

[17] 19. Staniforth, D.W. Soybean-foxtali competition under varying soil moisture conditions. Agronomy Journal, 50: 13-15, 1958.

[18] 20. Thurlow, D.L. & Buchanan, G.A. Competition of sicklepod with soybeans. Weed Science, 20: 379-384, 1972.

[19] 21. Weber, C.R. & Staniforth, D.W. Competition relationships in variable weed and soybean stands. Agronomy Journal, 49: 440-444, 1957.

Brasil

Brasil

Avaliação de cultivares de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) em competição com Euphorbia heterophylla L. sob três densidades e dois períodos de ocorrência

Evaluation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars in competition with Euphorbia heterophylla L. in three densities and two periods of occurrence

Resumos

Datas de Publicação