Injúria potencial de herbicidas de solo ao girassol: II - chlorimuron-ethyl

Fleck, Nilson G.; Vidal, Ribas A.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83581993000100007

Resumos

Conduziu-se um ensaio de campo na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, em Eldorado do Sul, RS em 1989/90. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito residual potencial do herbicida chlorimuron-ethyl aplicado em três doses à superficie do solo (PRE) ou incorporado no mesmo (PPI), sobre a cultura de girassol. A atividade de chlorimuron-ethyl (etil 2-((((4-cloro-6-metoxipirimidina-2 il)amino)carbonil)amino)sulfonil)benzoato) não foi dependente de sua posição no solo. Chlorimuron-ethyl promoveu injúria inicial acentuada, constatando-se pouca ou nenhuma resposta ao aumento da dose para matéria seca da parte aérea do girassol, área foliar e estatura das plântulas. Contudo, avaliação de estatura das plantas, realizada na maturação fisiológica, indicou que os danos promovidos pelo herbicida reduziram-se com o decorrer do tempo. Concluiu-se que, aparentemente, num sistema de sucessão soja-girassol, o efeito residual potencial de chlorimuron-ethyl ao girassol é pequeno.

Helianthus annuus; herbicidas residuais; dissipação de herbicidas; persistência no solo; rotação de culturas; sulfoniluréias

A field experiment was carried out during 1989/90 at the Eldorado do Sul Experimental Station of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil with the objective of evaluating potencial injury to sunflower by chlorimuron-ethyl applied at three different dosages in pre-emergence (PRE) or preplant incorporated (PPI). Chlorimuron-ethyl activity was not dependent on the application method. Early in the season there were higher levels of injury to the plants, with little or no response to dosages with regard to shoot weight, leaf area and seedling size. However, plant height assessed late in the season indicated recovery from initial symptoms. Apparently, chlorimuron-ethyl injury to sunflower is limited in a rotation soybean-sunflower.

Helianthus annuus; residual herbicide; herbicide dissipation; soil persistence; crop rotation; sulfonylureas

Injúria potencial de herbicidas de solo ao girassol. II chlorimuron-ethyl

Potential suflower injury by soil applied herbicides. II chlorimuron-ethyl

Nilson G. Fleck^I; Ribas A. Vidal^II

^IEng. Agr., Ph. D., Prof. Adjunto, Dep. de Plantas de Lavoura da UFRS/Fac. de Agron., Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Caixa Postal 776, CEP 90001-970, Porto Alegre, RS. Bolsista do CNPq

^IIEng. Agr., MSc., Prof. Assistente, Dep. de Plantas de Lavoura da UFRS/Faculdade de Agronomia

RESUMO

Conduziu-se um ensaio de campo na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, em Eldorado do Sul, RS em 1989/90. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito residual potencial do herbicida chlorimuron-ethyl aplicado em três doses à superficie do solo (PRE) ou incorporado no mesmo (PPI), sobre a cultura de girassol. A atividade de chlorimuron-ethyl (etil 2-((((4-cloro-6-metoxipirimidina-2 il)amino)carbonil)amino)sulfonil)benzoato) não foi dependente de sua posição no solo. Chlorimuron-ethyl promoveu injúria inicial acentuada, constatando-se pouca ou nenhuma resposta ao aumento da dose para matéria seca da parte aérea do girassol, área foliar e estatura das plântulas. Contudo, avaliação de estatura das plantas, realizada na maturação fisiológica, indicou que os danos promovidos pelo herbicida reduziram-se com o decorrer do tempo. Concluiu-se que, aparentemente, num sistema de sucessão soja-girassol, o efeito residual potencial de chlorimuron-ethyl ao girassol é pequeno.

Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus, herbicidas residuais, dissipação de herbicidas, persistência no solo, rotação de culturas, sulfoniluréias.

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was carried out during 1989/90 at the Eldorado do Sul Experimental Station of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil with the objective of evaluating potencial injury to sunflower by chlorimuron-ethyl applied at three different dosages in pre-emergence (PRE) or preplant incorporated (PPI). Chlorimuron-ethyl activity was not dependent on the application method. Early in the season there were higher levels of injury to the plants, with little or no response to dosages with regard to shoot weight, leaf area and seedling size. However, plant height assessed late in the season indicated recovery from initial symptoms. Apparently, chlorimuron-ethyl injury to sunflower is limited in a rotation soybean-sunflower.

Additional index words: Helianthus annuus, residual herbicide, herbicide dissipation, soil persistence, crop rotation, sulfonylureas.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

AGRADECIMENTOS

Ao Dr. João Riboldi, do Instituto de Matemática da UFRS, pelo apoio na análise estatística dos resultados.

LITERATURA CITADA

Recebido para publicação em 06/04/93 e na forma revisada em 10/12/93.

Extraído da Dissertação apresentada pelo segundo autor para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Fitotecnia pela Fac. de Agron. da Univ. Fed. do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre, RS. Trabalho parcialmente financiado pelo CNPq(Processo n° 414024/89-3lAG).

BECKIE, H. J. & MCKERCHER, R. B. Soil residual properties of DPX-A7881 under laboratory conditions. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 412-418, 1989.
BEYER, E. M.; DUFFY, M. J.; HAY, J. V. & SCHLUETER, D. D. Sulfonylurea In: KEARNEY, P.C. & KAUFMAN, D. D. eds. Herbicides: chemistry, degradation, and mode of action. New York, M. Dekker. 1988.3: 117-189.
BREWSTER, B. D. & APPLEBY, A. P. Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rotation crops to chlorsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 31: 861-865,1983.
CHEW, V. Comparing treatment means: a compendium. HortScience, Alexandria, 11: 348-357, 1976.
CURRAN, W. S. & KNAKE, E. L. Rotational crop injury potential for corn following clomazone, imazaquin, imazethapyr and chlorimuron in Illinois. In: MAINZ, M. J. & SUTOR, J. J. Northwestern Illinois Agricultural Research and Demonstration Center, Report of Research Results. Urbana-Champaign, Univ. of Illinois. 1987. p.114-119.
EBERLEIN, C. V.; ROSOW, K. M.; GEADELMANN, J. L. & OPENSHAW, S. J. Differential tolerance of corn genotypes to DPX-M63133. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 651-657, 1989.
GOETZ, A. J.; WALKER, R. H.; WEHTJE, G. & HAJEK, B. F. Sorption and mobility of clorimuron in Alabama soils. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 428-433, 1989.
GOMEZ, K. A. & GOMEZ, A. O. Statistical procedures for agricultural research 2.ed. New York, Wiley, 1984. 680p.
HARRISON, S. K. & THOMAS, S. M. Interaction of surfactants and reaction media on photolysis of chlorimuron and metsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 38: 620624, 1990.
MAZUR, B. J. & FALCO, S. C. The development of herbicide resistent crops. Annual review of Plant Physiology, Palo Alto, 40: 441-470, 1989.
NOGUEIRA, I. R. Método geral para obtençăo de tabelas de polinômios ortogonais. Revista de Agricultura, Piracicaba, 53: 269-279, 1979.
PETERSEN, R. G. Use and misuse of multiple comparison procedures. Agronomy Journal, Madison, 69: 205-208,1977.
PETERSON, M. A. & ARNOLD, W. E. Response of rotational crops to soil residues of chlorsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 34: 131-136, 1985.
RAY, T. B. Site of action of chlorsulfuron; inhibition of valine and isoleucine biosynthesis in plantas. Plant Physiology, Lancaster, 75: 827-831, 1984.
RUBIN, B. & CASIDA, J. R-25788 effects on chlorsulfuron injury and acetohydroxyacid synthase activity. Weed Science, Champaign, 33: 462-468, 1985.
SCHMIDT, R. R. & PESTEMER, W. Plant availability and uptake of herbicides from soils. In: HANCE, R. J. ed. Interactions between herbicides and the soil London, Academic Press. p.179-201. 1980.
THOMAS, S. M. & HARRISON, S. K. Surfactant-altered rates of chlorimuron and metsulfuron photolysis in sunlight. Weed Science, Champaign, 38: 602-606, 1990.
VIDAL, R. A. & FLECK N. G. Controle de girassol espontâneo com herbicidas pós-emergentes seletivos para soja. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, Brasilia, 27:549-560, 1992.
VIDAL, R. A. & FLECK N. G. Injuria potencial de herbicidas de solo ao girassol. I - Clomazone. Planta Daninha, Brasília, 11: 36-43. 1993.
WESLEY, R. A.; SHAW, D. R. & BARRENTINE, W. L. Incorporation depths of imazaquin, metribuzin, and chlorimuron for common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 596-599, 1989.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
16 Maio 2012
Data do Fascículo
1993

Histórico

Aceito
10 Dez 1993
Recebido
06 Abr 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] BECKIE, H. J. & MCKERCHER, R. B. Soil residual properties of DPX-A7881 under laboratory conditions. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 412-418, 1989.

[2] BEYER, E. M.; DUFFY, M. J.; HAY, J. V. & SCHLUETER, D. D. Sulfonylurea In: KEARNEY, P.C. & KAUFMAN, D. D. eds. Herbicides: chemistry, degradation, and mode of action. New York, M. Dekker. 1988.3: 117-189.

[3] BREWSTER, B. D. & APPLEBY, A. P. Response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rotation crops to chlorsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 31: 861-865,1983.

[4] CHEW, V. Comparing treatment means: a compendium. HortScience, Alexandria, 11: 348-357, 1976.

[5] CURRAN, W. S. & KNAKE, E. L. Rotational crop injury potential for corn following clomazone, imazaquin, imazethapyr and chlorimuron in Illinois. In: MAINZ, M. J. & SUTOR, J. J. Northwestern Illinois Agricultural Research and Demonstration Center, Report of Research Results. Urbana-Champaign, Univ. of Illinois. 1987. p.114-119.

[6] EBERLEIN, C. V.; ROSOW, K. M.; GEADELMANN, J. L. & OPENSHAW, S. J. Differential tolerance of corn genotypes to DPX-M63133. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 651-657, 1989.

[7] GOETZ, A. J.; WALKER, R. H.; WEHTJE, G. & HAJEK, B. F. Sorption and mobility of clorimuron in Alabama soils. Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 428-433, 1989.

[8] GOMEZ, K. A. & GOMEZ, A. O. Statistical procedures for agricultural research 2.ed. New York, Wiley, 1984. 680p.

[9] HARRISON, S. K. & THOMAS, S. M. Interaction of surfactants and reaction media on photolysis of chlorimuron and metsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 38: 620624, 1990.

[10] MAZUR, B. J. & FALCO, S. C. The development of herbicide resistent crops. Annual review of Plant Physiology, Palo Alto, 40: 441-470, 1989.

[11] NOGUEIRA, I. R. Método geral para obtençăo de tabelas de polinômios ortogonais. Revista de Agricultura, Piracicaba, 53: 269-279, 1979.

[12] PETERSEN, R. G. Use and misuse of multiple comparison procedures. Agronomy Journal, Madison, 69: 205-208,1977.

[13] PETERSON, M. A. & ARNOLD, W. E. Response of rotational crops to soil residues of chlorsulfuron. Weed Science, Champaign, 34: 131-136, 1985.

[14] RAY, T. B. Site of action of chlorsulfuron; inhibition of valine and isoleucine biosynthesis in plantas. Plant Physiology, Lancaster, 75: 827-831, 1984.

[15] RUBIN, B. & CASIDA, J. R-25788 effects on chlorsulfuron injury and acetohydroxyacid synthase activity. Weed Science, Champaign, 33: 462-468, 1985.

[16] SCHMIDT, R. R. & PESTEMER, W. Plant availability and uptake of herbicides from soils. In: HANCE, R. J. ed. Interactions between herbicides and the soil London, Academic Press. p.179-201. 1980.

[17] THOMAS, S. M. & HARRISON, S. K. Surfactant-altered rates of chlorimuron and metsulfuron photolysis in sunlight. Weed Science, Champaign, 38: 602-606, 1990.

[18] VIDAL, R. A. & FLECK N. G. Controle de girassol espontâneo com herbicidas pós-emergentes seletivos para soja. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, Brasilia, 27:549-560, 1992.

[19] VIDAL, R. A. & FLECK N. G. Injuria potencial de herbicidas de solo ao girassol. I - Clomazone. Planta Daninha, Brasília, 11: 36-43. 1993.

[20] WESLEY, R. A.; SHAW, D. R. & BARRENTINE, W. L. Incorporation depths of imazaquin, metribuzin, and chlorimuron for common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science, Champaign, 37: 596-599, 1989.

Brasil

Brasil

Injúria potencial de herbicidas de solo ao girassol: II - chlorimuron-ethyl

Potential suflower injury by soil applied herbicides: II - chlorimuron-ethyl

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico