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• Planta daninha 14 (2) • 1996 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83581996000200004   copy

Persistence of the biocide activity of atrazine in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province

Persistência do herbicida atrazine em solos do sudeste da Provincia de Buenos Aires

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstracts

Atrazine persistence in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, was studied by an oat bioassay. Atrazine doses of 0.58, 1.16, and 2.32 mg.g-1 dry soil weight (DSW) were applied to pots containing soils from Balcaree, A. Gonzáles Chaves and San Cayetano sites, whose organic matter (OM) content of soils were 5.70, 5.15, and 3,84%, respectively. Avena sativa cv. Millauquén plants were grownth in the pots under greenhouse conditions at different times after atrazine application. Shoots were evenly cut above the soil and dry weight determined as a measure of plant growth. Plants grown in non-sprayed soil were used as controls. Relative dry weight (RDW) of shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Atrazine phytotoxicity was expressed in terms of 50 % plant growth reduction (GR50) in the soils under study. Herbicide persistence was expressed in terms of days after treatment (DAT) needed for the plant to achieve 80% of RDW. Atrazine GR50 values of 0.30, 0.64, and 0.90 mg.g-1 DSW in soils from San Cayetano, Balcare and A.G. Chaves, were respectively obtained at 42 DAT. Herbicide persistences at the recommended dose (1.16 mg.g-1) were 100, 143, and 221 DAT for A.G. Chaves, Balcarce and San Cayetano soils, respectively. San Cayetano soil had both the lowest OM content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as the highest pH, of all the soil studied here. These results were consistent with both the lowest GR50 and the highest persistence abtained for atrazine in this soil.

Oat bioassay; GR50; phytotoxicity; Argentina

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a persistência da atrazine em solos do sudoeste da Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, por meio de bioensaio com aveia. Estudaram-se doses de atrazine de 0; 0,58; 1,16 e 2,32 mg.g-1 de solo seco (SS), os quais foram aplicados em vasos que continham solos de Balcarce, A. Gonzáles Chaves e San Cayetano. O conteúdo de matéria orgânica (MO) dos solos foram 5,70; 5,15 e 3,84% para Balcarce, A. Gonzáles Chaves e San Cayetano, respectivamente. Avena sativa cv. Millauquén foi semeada em vasos e cultivada sob condições de casa-de-vegetação até o desenvolvimento completo da segunda folha. A porção aérea das plantas foi colhida e determinado o peso da matéria seca. Com os dados obtidos calculou-se o peso relativo da matéria seca (PRMS), com relação ao tratamento sem herbicida. Após um período de tempo curto de descanso, repetiu-se o processo anterior, até totalizar quatro períodos sucessivos. A fitotoxicidade da atrazine foi expressa em termos de 50% de redução do PSR (GR50), nos solos avaliados. Aos 42 dias da aplicação obtiveram valores de GR50 de 0,30; 0,64 e 0,90 mg.g-1 SS nos solos de San Cayetano, balcarce e A.G. Chaves, respectivamente. A persistência de atrazine na dose recomendada (1,16 mg.g-1), considerando uma redução de 80% do PSR, foi de 100, 143 e 221 dias desde a aplicação para A.G. Chaves, Balcarce e San Cayetano, respectivamente. Estes resultados são consistentes com o menor conteúdo de MO e capacidade de troca catiônico, assim como o maior pH para o solo de San Cayetano, com relação aos solos restantes estudados.

Bioensaio; aveia; GR50; persistência; fitotoxicidade; Argentina

Persistence of the biocide activity of atrazine in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province

Persistência do herbicida atrazine em solos do Sudeste da Provincia de Buenos Aires

Delmonte, A.A.I; Bedmar, F.I; Mantecón, J.D.II;Echeverría, H.II; Barassi, C.A.II

IGraduated as Agricultural Sciences Engineer, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), (7620) Balcarce, Argentina

IIDocente e Investigador, Unidad Integrada FCA-INTA Balcarce, C.C. 276, (7620) Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina

ABSTRACT

Atrazine persistence in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, was studied by an oat bioassay. Atrazine doses of 0.58, 1.16, and 2.32 mg.g-1 dry soil weight (DSW) were applied to pots containing soils from Balcaree, A. Gonzáles Chaves and San Cayetano sites, whose organic matter (OM) content of soils were 5.70, 5.15, and 3,84%, respectively. Avena sativa cv. Millauquén plants were grownth in the pots under greenhouse conditions at different times after atrazine application. Shoots were evenly cut above the soil and dry weight determined as a measure of plant growth. Plants grown in non-sprayed soil were used as controls. Relative dry weight (RDW) of shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Atrazine phytotoxicity was expressed in terms of 50 % plant growth reduction (GR50) in the soils under study. Herbicide persistence was expressed in terms of days after treatment (DAT) needed for the plant to achieve 80% of RDW. Atrazine GR50 values of 0.30, 0.64, and 0.90 mg.g-1 DSW in soils from San Cayetano, Balcare and A.G. Chaves, were respectively obtained at 42 DAT. Herbicide persistences at the recommended dose (1.16 mg.g-1) were 100, 143, and 221 DAT for A.G. Chaves, Balcarce and San Cayetano soils, respectively. San Cayetano soil had both the lowest OM content and cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as the highest pH, of all the soil studied here. These results were consistent with both the lowest GR50 and the highest persistence abtained for atrazine in this soil.

Key words: Oat bioassay, GR50, phytotoxicity, Argentina.

RESUMO

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a persistência da atrazine em solos do sudoeste da Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, por meio de bioensaio com aveia. Estudaram-se doses de atrazine de 0; 0,58; 1,16 e 2,32 mg.g-1 de solo seco (SS), os quais foram aplicados em vasos que continham solos de Balcarce, A. Gonzáles Chaves e San Cayetano. O conteúdo de matéria orgânica (MO) dos solos foram 5,70; 5,15 e 3,84% para Balcarce, A. Gonzáles Chaves e San Cayetano, respectivamente. Avena sativa cv. Millauquén foi semeada em vasos e cultivada sob condições de casa-de-vegetação até o desenvolvimento completo da segunda folha. A porção aérea das plantas foi colhida e determinado o peso da matéria seca. Com os dados obtidos calculou-se o peso relativo da matéria seca (PRMS), com relação ao tratamento sem herbicida. Após um período de tempo curto de descanso, repetiu-se o processo anterior, até totalizar quatro períodos sucessivos. A fitotoxicidade da atrazine foi expressa em termos de 50% de redução do PSR (GR50), nos solos avaliados. Aos 42 dias da aplicação obtiveram valores de GR50 de 0,30; 0,64 e 0,90 mg.g-1 SS nos solos de San Cayetano, balcarce e A.G. Chaves, respectivamente. A persistência de atrazine na dose recomendada (1,16 mg.g-1), considerando uma redução de 80% do PSR, foi de 100, 143 e 221 dias desde a aplicação para A.G. Chaves, Balcarce e San Cayetano, respectivamente. Estes resultados são consistentes com o menor conteúdo de MO e capacidade de troca catiônico, assim como o maior pH para o solo de San Cayetano, com relação aos solos restantes estudados.

Palavras chave: Bioensaio, aveia, GR50, persistência, fitotoxicidade, Argentina.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We thank Atan or Argentina S.A. for supplying the atrazine used in these studies and for partially funding them. This work was also supported by grants from Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina.

LITERATURE CITED

Received on 20/07/96 and revised on 05/11/96.

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    25 June 2010
  • Date of issue
    1996

History

  • Accepted
    05 Nov 1996
  • Received
    20 July 1996
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