Comportamento e composição de um grupo de Callithrix jacchus Erxleben (Primates, Callitrichidae) na mata de Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil

Silva, Goretti Sônia da; Monteiro da Cruz, Maria Adélia O.

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751993000300018

Resumo

The objective of this study was to determine the size and composition of a group of wild Callithrix jacchus Erxleben, 1777, a small neotropical primate from the North East Brazil. The study was carried out in Dois Irmãos Forest, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, in an area of 6ha where this social group of marmosets had its home range. A graded transects system was cut to provide the access and moving during the observation period. To provide an individual identification for the members of the marmosets group and to achieve the objective of this study, two captures were made, with a six month interval between them in a 50x50m² area at the nuclear range of the group's area. The animals were realeased after a maximum period of 24h after traping. We made, during the whole study period, direct observations of the social group which wasn't limited only to count and identification of the marmosets, but expanded in consideration on the ecology and behavior of the Callithrix jacchus group. The results show us that the size and composition of the study group was similar to others descriptions for the Callitrichidae. The group composition suffered a 30% "turnover" in a six month interval, and the adults particulary, had a big frequency of change. One pair of infants was seen in December 1986 - in the middle of the dry season - and another infant appeared in the study group in 1987, just after the end of the wet season. Some dietary items were fruits, leaf buds and also exudate from the trunks and branchs of some tree's species. Intergroup agonistic interactions were recorded during February 1987.

Primates; Callitrichidae; Callithrix jacchus; behavior

Comportamento e composição de um grupo de Callithrix jacchus Erxleben (Primates, Callitrichidae) na mata de Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil

Behavior and composition of a group of Callithrix jacchus Erxleben (Primates, Callitrichidae) in Dois Irmãos forest, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Goretti Sônia da Silva^I; Maria Adélia O. Monteiro da Cruz^II

^IGraduação no Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

^IIDepartamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, 52171-900 Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the size and composition of a group of wild Callithrix jacchus Erxleben, 1777, a small neotropical primate from the North East Brazil. The study was carried out in Dois Irmãos Forest, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, in an area of 6ha where this social group of marmosets had its home range. A graded transects system was cut to provide the access and moving during the observation period. To provide an individual identification for the members of the marmosets group and to achieve the objective of this study, two captures were made, with a six month interval between them in a 50x50m² area at the nuclear range of the group's area. The animals were realeased after a maximum period of 24h after traping. We made, during the whole study period, direct observations of the social group which wasn't limited only to count and identification of the marmosets, but expanded in consideration on the ecology and behavior of the Callithrix jacchus group. The results show us that the size and composition of the study group was similar to others descriptions for the Callitrichidae. The group composition suffered a 30% "turnover" in a six month interval, and the adults particulary, had a big frequency of change. One pair of infants was seen in December 1986 - in the middle of the dry season - and another infant appeared in the study group in 1987, just after the end of the wet season. Some dietary items were fruits, leaf buds and also exudate from the trunks and branchs of some tree's species. Intergroup agonistic interactions were recorded during February 1987.

Key words: Primates, Callitrichidae, Callithrix jacchus, behavior

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Recebido em 31.XII.1991; aceito em 15.XI.1993.

Alonso, C. 1984. Observações de campo sobre o cuidado à prole e o desenvolvimento dos filhotes de Callithrix jacchus, p. 67-78. In: M.T. de Mello (ed.). A primatologia no Brasil. I. Brasília, Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.
Box, H. 1977. Quantitative data on carrying of young captive monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) by other members of their family group. Primates 18 (2):475-484.
Coimbra-Filho, A.F. & R.A. Mittermeier. 1976. Exudate-eating and three-gouging in marmosets, Nature, London, 262:630.
______. 1978. Tree-gouging, exudate-eating and the "short-tusked" conditions in Callithrix and Cebuella, p. 105-115. In: D.G. Kleiman (ed.). Washington D.C., Smithsonian Instituition Press.
Coimbra-Filho, A.F.; R.A. Mittermeier & I.D. Constable. 1981. Callithrix flaviceps (Thomas, 1903) recorded from Minas Gerais, Brasil (Callitrichidae, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 41:141-147.
Coimbra-Filho, A.F.; N. da C. Rocha & A. Pissinatti. 1980. Morfofisiologia do cêco e sua correlação com o tipo odontológico em Callitrichidae (Platyrrhini, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 40:177-185.
Epple, G. 1968. Comparative studies of vocalization in marmoset monkeys (Hapalidae). Folia Primatologica 8:1-40.
Faria, D.S. 1984. Aspectos Gerais do Comportamento de Callithrix jacchus penicillata em mata ciliar do cerrado, p. 56-65. In: M.T. de Mello (ed.). Brasília, Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.
Fonseca, G.A.B.; T. Lacher; C. Alves JR. & B. Magalhães Castro. 1980. Some ecological aspects of free-living black tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix jacchus penicillata). Antropologia Contemporânea 3:197.
Fonseca, G.A.B. 1981. Utilização de exsudatos de espécies arbóreas do cerrado pelo mico-estrela (Callithrix jacchus penicillata). Resumos do VIII Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia 8:171-172.
Garber, P.A. 1980. Locomotor behavior and feeding ecology of the Panamanian tamarin (Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi, Callitrichidae, Primates). Int. J. Primatol. 1:185-201.
Hubrecht, R.C. 1984. Field observations on group size and composition of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) at Tapacurá, Brazil. Primates 25 (1):13-21.
Maier, W.; C. Alonso & A. Langguth. 1982. Field observations of Callithrix jacchus. L. Z. Saugetierkunde 47:334-346.
Mello, M.T. de. 1985. Atividade roedora de Callithrix penicillata (sagui mico estrela). In: A.B. Rylands (ed.). A Primatologia do Brasil II. Belo Horizonte, Sociedade Brasiliera de Primatologia.
Napier, J.R. & P.H. Napier. 1967. A handbook of living Primates. New York, Academic Press.
Rizzini, C.T. & A.F. Coimbra-Filho. 1981. Lesões produzidas pelo sagüi Callithrix penicillata (E. Geoffrey, 1812) em árvores do cerrado (Callitrichidae, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 41 (3):579-583.
Rosenberger, A.L. 1978. Loss of incisor enamel in marmosets. Journ. Mammology 59:207-208.
Rylands, A.B. 1977. Observações preliminares sobre o sagüi Callithrix humeralifer intennedius (Hershkovitz, 1977) em Dardanelos, Rio Aripuanã, Mato Grosso. Acta Amazônica 9 (3):589-602.
______. 1982. The behaviour and ecology of three species of marmosets and tamarins (Callitrichidae, Primates) in Brasil. Dissertação de Doutorado, não publicada, University of Cambridge, Cambridge U.K.
Santee, D. & D.S. Faria. 1985. Padrões de comportamento utilizados pelos sagüis (Callithrix jacchus penicillata) na retirada de exsudato. Psicologia 11 (1):65-74.
Scanlon, C.E.; N.R. Chalmers & M.A.O. Monteiro da Cruz. 1988. Changes in size, composition and reproductive condition of wild marmosets group (Callithrix jacchus) in Northeast Brazil. Primates 29 (3):295-305.
______. 1989. Home range use and the exploration of gum in the marmoset Callithrix jacchus jacchus. Intern. Journ. Primatology 10 (2):123-136.
Stevenson, M.F. & A.B. Rylands. 1988. The marmosets, genus Callithrix. In: R. Mittermeier; A.B. Rylands; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & G.A.B. Fonseca (eds). Ecology and Behaviour of Neotropical Primates. 2. Washington, World Wildlife Fundation.
Terborgh, J. & A. Wilson. 1985. On the mating system of the cooperatively breeding saddle-backed tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis). Behav. Ecolo. Sociobiol. 16:293-299.
Thorington, R.W. & S. Anderson. 1984. p. 187-217. In: S. Anderson & I.K. Jones JR. (eds). Primates. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Winter, M. 1978. Allagrooming relationships in capture cammon marmosets (C. jacchus jacchus), p. 161-179. In: H. Rothe; H.I. Walters & J.P. Hearn (ed.). Biology and behaviours of marmosets. Göttingen, Eigenverlog Rothz.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
27 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
1993

Histórico

Aceito
15 Nov 1993
Recebido
31 Dez 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Alonso, C. 1984. Observações de campo sobre o cuidado à prole e o desenvolvimento dos filhotes de Callithrix jacchus, p. 67-78. In: M.T. de Mello (ed.). A primatologia no Brasil. I. Brasília, Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.

[2] Box, H. 1977. Quantitative data on carrying of young captive monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) by other members of their family group. Primates 18 (2):475-484.

[3] Coimbra-Filho, A.F. & R.A. Mittermeier. 1976. Exudate-eating and three-gouging in marmosets, Nature, London, 262:630.

[4] ______. 1978. Tree-gouging, exudate-eating and the "short-tusked" conditions in Callithrix and Cebuella, p. 105-115. In: D.G. Kleiman (ed.). Washington D.C., Smithsonian Instituition Press.

[5] Coimbra-Filho, A.F.; R.A. Mittermeier & I.D. Constable. 1981. Callithrix flaviceps (Thomas, 1903) recorded from Minas Gerais, Brasil (Callitrichidae, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 41:141-147.

[6] Coimbra-Filho, A.F.; N. da C. Rocha & A. Pissinatti. 1980. Morfofisiologia do cêco e sua correlação com o tipo odontológico em Callitrichidae (Platyrrhini, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 40:177-185.

[7] Epple, G. 1968. Comparative studies of vocalization in marmoset monkeys (Hapalidae). Folia Primatologica 8:1-40.

[8] Faria, D.S. 1984. Aspectos Gerais do Comportamento de Callithrix jacchus penicillata em mata ciliar do cerrado, p. 56-65. In: M.T. de Mello (ed.). Brasília, Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.

[9] Fonseca, G.A.B.; T. Lacher; C. Alves JR. & B. Magalhães Castro. 1980. Some ecological aspects of free-living black tufted-ear marmosets (Callithrix jacchus penicillata). Antropologia Contemporânea 3:197.

[10] Fonseca, G.A.B. 1981. Utilização de exsudatos de espécies arbóreas do cerrado pelo mico-estrela (Callithrix jacchus penicillata). Resumos do VIII Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia 8:171-172.

[11] Garber, P.A. 1980. Locomotor behavior and feeding ecology of the Panamanian tamarin (Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi, Callitrichidae, Primates). Int. J. Primatol. 1:185-201.

[12] Hubrecht, R.C. 1984. Field observations on group size and composition of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus jacchus) at Tapacurá, Brazil. Primates 25 (1):13-21.

[13] Maier, W.; C. Alonso & A. Langguth. 1982. Field observations of Callithrix jacchus. L. Z. Saugetierkunde 47:334-346.

[14] Mello, M.T. de. 1985. Atividade roedora de Callithrix penicillata (sagui mico estrela). In: A.B. Rylands (ed.). A Primatologia do Brasil II. Belo Horizonte, Sociedade Brasiliera de Primatologia.

[15] Napier, J.R. & P.H. Napier. 1967. A handbook of living Primates. New York, Academic Press.

[16] Rizzini, C.T. & A.F. Coimbra-Filho. 1981. Lesões produzidas pelo sagüi Callithrix penicillata (E. Geoffrey, 1812) em árvores do cerrado (Callitrichidae, Primates). Rev. Bras. Biol. 41 (3):579-583.

[17] Rosenberger, A.L. 1978. Loss of incisor enamel in marmosets. Journ. Mammology 59:207-208.

[18] Rylands, A.B. 1977. Observações preliminares sobre o sagüi Callithrix humeralifer intennedius (Hershkovitz, 1977) em Dardanelos, Rio Aripuanã, Mato Grosso. Acta Amazônica 9 (3):589-602.

[19] ______. 1982. The behaviour and ecology of three species of marmosets and tamarins (Callitrichidae, Primates) in Brasil. Dissertação de Doutorado, não publicada, University of Cambridge, Cambridge U.K.

[20] Santee, D. & D.S. Faria. 1985. Padrões de comportamento utilizados pelos sagüis (Callithrix jacchus penicillata) na retirada de exsudato. Psicologia 11 (1):65-74.

[21] Scanlon, C.E.; N.R. Chalmers & M.A.O. Monteiro da Cruz. 1988. Changes in size, composition and reproductive condition of wild marmosets group (Callithrix jacchus) in Northeast Brazil. Primates 29 (3):295-305.

[22] ______. 1989. Home range use and the exploration of gum in the marmoset Callithrix jacchus jacchus. Intern. Journ. Primatology 10 (2):123-136.

[23] Stevenson, M.F. & A.B. Rylands. 1988. The marmosets, genus Callithrix. In: R. Mittermeier; A.B. Rylands; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & G.A.B. Fonseca (eds). Ecology and Behaviour of Neotropical Primates. 2. Washington, World Wildlife Fundation.

[24] Terborgh, J. & A. Wilson. 1985. On the mating system of the cooperatively breeding saddle-backed tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis). Behav. Ecolo. Sociobiol. 16:293-299.

[25] Thorington, R.W. & S. Anderson. 1984. p. 187-217. In: S. Anderson & I.K. Jones JR. (eds). Primates. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

[26] Winter, M. 1978. Allagrooming relationships in capture cammon marmosets (C. jacchus jacchus), p. 161-179. In: H. Rothe; H.I. Walters & J.P. Hearn (ed.). Biology and behaviours of marmosets. Göttingen, Eigenverlog Rothz.

Brasil

Brasil

Comportamento e composição de um grupo de Callithrix jacchus Erxleben (Primates, Callitrichidae) na mata de Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil

Behavior and composition of a group of Callithrix jacchus Erxleben (Primates, Callitrichidae) in Dois Irmãos forest, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico