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Disease, food and reproduction of the maned wolf: Chrysocyon Brachyurus (Illiger) (Carnivora, Canidae) in southeast Brazil

Resumo

The most frequent endoparasite of the Maned wolf - Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) is the giant kidney-worm. Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782). It has heen responsible for the majority of deaths of captive animals. Twenty-six marked wolves have been followed in the field with ear-tags and radio-collar tagged (Tab. II) to investigate their interactions with the environment, their diurnal shelters, movements and habits, and their delivery sites. Ten years of life history data have heen gathered. They are territorial and monogamous, and give birth to two or three young once a year, after a 63 days gestation, on average. Maned wolves inhabit the open areas and have omnivorous feeding habits.

Maned wolf; C. brachyurus; life history; disease; food; reproduction


Maned wolf; C. brachyurus; life history; disease; food; reproduction

Disease, food and reproduction of the maned wolf - Chrysocyon Brachyurus (Illiger) (Carnivora, Canidae) in southeast Brazil

Cory T. de CarvalhoI; Luiz E. M. VasconcellosII

IInstituto Florestal, Secretaria do Meio Ambiente, Caixa Postal 26, 18780-000 Manduri, São Paulo, Brasil, Wildlife biologist

IIRua Senador Vergueiro 232, 22230-001 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The most frequent endoparasite of the Maned wolf - Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) is the giant kidney-worm. Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782). It has heen responsible for the majority of deaths of captive animals. Twenty-six marked wolves have been followed in the field with ear-tags and radio-collar tagged (Tab. II) to investigate their interactions with the environment, their diurnal shelters, movements and habits, and their delivery sites. Ten years of life history data have heen gathered. They are territorial and monogamous, and give birth to two or three young once a year, after a 63 days gestation, on average. Maned wolves inhabit the open areas and have omnivorous feeding habits.

Key words: Maned wolf, C. brachyurus, life history, disease, food, reproduction

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We are grateful for the collaboration and assistance received during various phases of our field work like trapping and management of the animals in captivity under most difficult working conditions like old dilapidated traps and enclosures, the daily food which had to be carried over considerable distances, often without mechanical facilities. Thanks to the personnel of the entities involved in the working sequence. We wish to point out the assistance of veterinarians M. Santo Paulo (SAA/IF. later IP), I.M. Bleich and F. Simon (FMVZ/USP and FPZ. SP) in the collection and analysis of humors, post-mortem examinations and suggestions: the Dra. M. Mendes (internal parasites and specific bibliography) and of the volunteers F.S. Jurado. W. Malicia. Gianini. Amaral and José da Chapada, during the stay of the animals in captivity (enclosures). Special thanks to Dr. W. Bartmann (Dortmund-Zoo, Germany) for having provided us with the tranquillisers, and Dr. J.M. Dietz for basic orientation and instruction in the use of radio-telemetry, exchange of ideas and professional support. I am also grateful to Cibele Carvalho and Brian Miller (National Zoological Park, USA) for having adapted and translated the Portuguese version into English and to Mr. Paul Roller for having revised the manuscript, as well as to my (CTC) family members who gave us their support in the daily routine of living in the field.

Recebido em 15.I.1994; aceito em 11.X.1995.

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    21 Jul 2009
  • Data do Fascículo
    Set 1995

Histórico

  • Aceito
    11 Out 1995
  • Recebido
    15 Jan 1994
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