Preferência por estratos florestais e por substâncias odoríferas em abelhas Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Oliveira, Mareio Luiz de; Campos, Lúcio Antônio de Oliveira

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751996000400025

Resumo

Euglossinae bees of two areas of Terra Firme forest, near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil were studied. During one year the collections were done fortnightly, using traps with eight kinds of scent baits. The traps were placed in the understory and in tree crowns. Some species showed a very clear vertical stratification in the forest. The comparison between the strata studied showed that the fauna of one understory is more similar to other than fauna of crowns and the similarity between fauna of understory and fauna of crown of the the two areaswas low. Some species were specialists while most were generalists in their choice of scent baits. Some species varied its preferences during the year.

Amazônia; Euglossinae; scent baits preferences; stratification

Preferência por estratos florestais e por substâncias odoríferas em abelhas Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Stratification and scents baits preferences in Euglossinae bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Mareio Luiz de Oliveira^I; Lúcio Antônio de Oliveira Campos^II

^IDepartamento de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre. 69915-900 Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil

^{Endereço para correspondência} Endereço para correspondência: Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil. E-mail: mlolivei@usp.br

ABSTRACT

Euglossinae bees of two areas of Terra Firme forest, near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil were studied. During one year the collections were done fortnightly, using traps with eight kinds of scent baits. The traps were placed in the understory and in tree crowns. Some species showed a very clear vertical stratification in the forest. The comparison between the strata studied showed that the fauna of one understory is more similar to other than fauna of crowns and the similarity between fauna of understory and fauna of crown of the the two areaswas low. Some species were specialists while most were generalists in their choice of scent baits. Some species varied its preferences during the year.

Key words: Amazônia, Euglossinae, scent baits preferences, stratification

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Ao Prof. Dr. Pe. Jesus S. Moure (Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná) pelo auxílio na identificação das espécies. A Elder F. Morato e Paulo de Marco Jr. pelas criticas e sugestões. Ao PDBFF pelo financiamento, esta é a publicação número 162 deste projeto.

Recebido em 08.XII.1995; aceito em 27.XII.1996.

Ackerman, J.D. 1985. Euglossine bees and their nectar hosts, p. 225-233. In: W.G. d'Arcy & M.D. Corrêa (Eds). The botany and natural history of Panama: La botanica e historia natural de Panama. St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden.
______. 1989. Geographic and seasonal variation in fragrance choices and preferences of male euglossine bees. Biotropica 21 (4):340-347.
Becker, P.; J.S. Moure & F.J.A. Peralta. 1991. More about euglossine bees in amazonian forest fragments. Biotropica 23 (4b):586-591.
Bierregaard Jr., R.O. & T.E. Lovejoy. 1988. Birds in Amazonian forest fragments: effects of insularization, p. 1564-1579. In: H. Quellet (Ed.). Acta XIX Cong. Int. Ornith., Otawa, University of Otawa Press, vol. 2, 1409p.
Braga, P.I.S. 1976. Atração de abelhas polinizadoras de Orchidaceae com auxílio de iscas-odores na campina, campinarana e floresta tropical úmida da região de Manaus. Ciência e Cultura 28 (7):767-773.
______. 1987. Orquídeas, Biologia floral. Ciência Hoje 5 (28):53-55.
Collins, J.A. & D.T. Jennings. 1987. Nesting height preferences of eumenid wasps (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae) that prey on spruce budworm (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 80:435-438.
Dodson, C.H. & G.P. Frymtre. 1961. Natural pollination of orchids. Miss. Bot. Gard.Bull. 49 (9):133-152.
Dodson, C.H.; R.L. Dressler; H.G. Hills; R.M. Adams & N.H. Williams. 1969. Biologically active compounds in orchid fragrances. Science 164 (13):1243-1249.
Dowdy, W.W. 1951. Further ecological studies on stratification of the Arthropoda. Ecology 32 (1):37-52.
Dressler, R.L. 1982. Biology of the orchid bees (Euglossini). Ann Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13:373-394.
Erwin, T.L. 1982. Tropical forest: Their richness in Coleoptera and other arthrpods species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 36 (1):74-75.
Frankie, G.W.; S.B. Vinson & J.F. Barthell. 1988. Nest site and habitat preferences of Centris bees in the Costa Rican dry forest. Biotropica 20 (4):301-310.
Hutcheson, K. 1970. A test for comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. J. Theor. Biol. 29:151-154.
Ludwig, J.A. & J.F. Reynolds. 1988. Statistical ecology: A primer on methods and computing. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 337p.
Magurran, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversiry and its measurement. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 179p.
Morato, E.F. 1993. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre vespas e abelhas solitárias em uma área da Amazônia Central. Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Uiversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 105p.
Morato, E.F.; L.A.O. Campos & J.S. Moure. 1992. Abelhas Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) coletadas na Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Ent. 36 (4):767-771.
Moure, J.S. 1969. Abelhas euglossinas e orquídeas. Ciência e Cultura 21 (2):467-468.
Oliveira, M.L. & L.A.O. Campos. 1995. Abundância, riqueza e diverisdade de abelhas Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em florestas contínuas de terra firme na Amazônia Central, Brasil. Revta bras. Zool. 12 (3):547-556.
Pearson, D. L. & R. L. Dressler. 1985. Two-year study of male orchid bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) attraction to chemical baits in lowland south-eastern Peru. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 1:37-54.
Peet, R.K. 1974. The measurement of species diversity. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 51 (3):445-454.
Pielou, E.C. 1984. The interpretation of ecological data. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 263p.
Powell, A.H. & G.N.V. Powell. 1987. Population dynamics of male euglossine bees in amazonian forest fragments. Biotropica 19 (2):176-179.
Rebelo, J.M.M. & C.A. Garófalo. 1991. Diversidade e sazonalidade de machos de Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) e preferência por iscas odores em um fragmento de floresta no sudeste do Brasil. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 51 (4):787-799.
Salmah, S.; T. Inoue, & S.F. Sakagamt. 1990. An analysis of apid bee richness (Apidae) in Central Sumatra, p. 139-174. In: S.F. SAKAGAMI; R. Ohgushi & D.W. Roubik (Eds). Natural history of social wasps and bees in Equatorial Sumatra. Sapporo, Hokkaido University Press, 274p.
Sutton, S.L.; CP. Ash & A. Grundy. 1983. The vertical distribution of flying insects in lowland rain-forest of Panama, Papua, New Guinea and Brunei. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 78:287-297.
Williams, N.H. & W.M. Whitten. 1983. Orchid floral fragrances and male euglossine bees: Methods and advances in the last sesquidecade. Biol. Bull. 164:355-395.
Wittmann, D.; R. Radtke; M. Hoffmann & B. Blochtein. 1989. Seasonality and seasonal changes in preferences for scent baits in Euplusia violacea in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini). Entomol. Gener. 14 (3/4):217-221.
Wolda, H. & D.W. Roubik. 1986. Nocturnal bee abundance and seasonal bee activity in a panamanian forest. Ecology 67 (2):426-433.
Zimmerman, J.K. & S. R. Madrinan. 1988. Age strueture of male Euglossa imperialis (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) at nectar and chemical sources in Panama. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 4:303-306.

Endereço para correspondência:

Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo

14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.

E-mail:

mlolivei@usp.br

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
16 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
1996

Histórico

Aceito
27 Dez 1996
Recebido
08 Dez 1995

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Ackerman, J.D. 1985. Euglossine bees and their nectar hosts, p. 225-233. In: W.G. d'Arcy & M.D. Corrêa (Eds). The botany and natural history of Panama: La botanica e historia natural de Panama. St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden.

[2] ______. 1989. Geographic and seasonal variation in fragrance choices and preferences of male euglossine bees. Biotropica 21 (4):340-347.

[3] Becker, P.; J.S. Moure & F.J.A. Peralta. 1991. More about euglossine bees in amazonian forest fragments. Biotropica 23 (4b):586-591.

[4] Bierregaard Jr., R.O. & T.E. Lovejoy. 1988. Birds in Amazonian forest fragments: effects of insularization, p. 1564-1579. In: H. Quellet (Ed.). Acta XIX Cong. Int. Ornith., Otawa, University of Otawa Press, vol. 2, 1409p.

[5] Braga, P.I.S. 1976. Atração de abelhas polinizadoras de Orchidaceae com auxílio de iscas-odores na campina, campinarana e floresta tropical úmida da região de Manaus. Ciência e Cultura 28 (7):767-773.

[6] ______. 1987. Orquídeas, Biologia floral. Ciência Hoje 5 (28):53-55.

[7] Collins, J.A. & D.T. Jennings. 1987. Nesting height preferences of eumenid wasps (Hymenoptera, Eumenidae) that prey on spruce budworm (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 80:435-438.

[8] Dodson, C.H. & G.P. Frymtre. 1961. Natural pollination of orchids. Miss. Bot. Gard.Bull. 49 (9):133-152.

[9] Dodson, C.H.; R.L. Dressler; H.G. Hills; R.M. Adams & N.H. Williams. 1969. Biologically active compounds in orchid fragrances. Science 164 (13):1243-1249.

[10] Dowdy, W.W. 1951. Further ecological studies on stratification of the Arthropoda. Ecology 32 (1):37-52.

[11] Dressler, R.L. 1982. Biology of the orchid bees (Euglossini). Ann Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13:373-394.

[12] Erwin, T.L. 1982. Tropical forest: Their richness in Coleoptera and other arthrpods species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 36 (1):74-75.

[13] Frankie, G.W.; S.B. Vinson & J.F. Barthell. 1988. Nest site and habitat preferences of Centris bees in the Costa Rican dry forest. Biotropica 20 (4):301-310.

[14] Hutcheson, K. 1970. A test for comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. J. Theor. Biol. 29:151-154.

[15] Ludwig, J.A. & J.F. Reynolds. 1988. Statistical ecology: A primer on methods and computing. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 337p.

[16] Magurran, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversiry and its measurement. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 179p.

[17] Morato, E.F. 1993. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre vespas e abelhas solitárias em uma área da Amazônia Central. Dissertação de Mestrado, não publicada, Uiversidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 105p.

[18] Morato, E.F.; L.A.O. Campos & J.S. Moure. 1992. Abelhas Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) coletadas na Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Ent. 36 (4):767-771.

[19] Moure, J.S. 1969. Abelhas euglossinas e orquídeas. Ciência e Cultura 21 (2):467-468.

[20] Oliveira, M.L. & L.A.O. Campos. 1995. Abundância, riqueza e diverisdade de abelhas Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em florestas contínuas de terra firme na Amazônia Central, Brasil. Revta bras. Zool. 12 (3):547-556.

[21] Pearson, D. L. & R. L. Dressler. 1985. Two-year study of male orchid bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) attraction to chemical baits in lowland south-eastern Peru. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 1:37-54.

[22] Peet, R.K. 1974. The measurement of species diversity. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 51 (3):445-454.

[23] Pielou, E.C. 1984. The interpretation of ecological data. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 263p.

[24] Powell, A.H. & G.N.V. Powell. 1987. Population dynamics of male euglossine bees in amazonian forest fragments. Biotropica 19 (2):176-179.

[25] Rebelo, J.M.M. & C.A. Garófalo. 1991. Diversidade e sazonalidade de machos de Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) e preferência por iscas odores em um fragmento de floresta no sudeste do Brasil. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 51 (4):787-799.

[26] Salmah, S.; T. Inoue, & S.F. Sakagamt. 1990. An analysis of apid bee richness (Apidae) in Central Sumatra, p. 139-174. In: S.F. SAKAGAMI; R. Ohgushi & D.W. Roubik (Eds). Natural history of social wasps and bees in Equatorial Sumatra. Sapporo, Hokkaido University Press, 274p.

[27] Sutton, S.L.; CP. Ash & A. Grundy. 1983. The vertical distribution of flying insects in lowland rain-forest of Panama, Papua, New Guinea and Brunei. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 78:287-297.

[28] Williams, N.H. & W.M. Whitten. 1983. Orchid floral fragrances and male euglossine bees: Methods and advances in the last sesquidecade. Biol. Bull. 164:355-395.

[29] Wittmann, D.; R. Radtke; M. Hoffmann & B. Blochtein. 1989. Seasonality and seasonal changes in preferences for scent baits in Euplusia violacea in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini). Entomol. Gener. 14 (3/4):217-221.

[30] Wolda, H. & D.W. Roubik. 1986. Nocturnal bee abundance and seasonal bee activity in a panamanian forest. Ecology 67 (2):426-433.

[31] Zimmerman, J.K. & S. R. Madrinan. 1988. Age strueture of male Euglossa imperialis (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) at nectar and chemical sources in Panama. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 4:303-306.