Crustacea decapoda da praia rochosa da Ilha do Farol, Matinhos, Paraná: II. Distribuição espacial de densidade das populações

Masunari, Setuko; Dubiaski-Silva, Janete

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751998000300010

Resumo

Decapod crustaceans from rocky shore at Farol Isle, Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil. II. Spatial distribution of population densities. A study of the spatial distribution of the decapod populations from a rocky shore at Farol Isle, Matinhos, State of Paraná, Brazil (25º51'S, 48º32'W) was canied out. In the supralittoral the rocky surface is covered partially by a layer of litter coming from the terrestrial habitats; in the midlittoral boulders and pebbles cover the rocky basin and in the infralittoral, there is a belt of seaweeds. A total of 8 samples were taken by hand, two from each of the following levels: supralittoral (emersion time 8-12 hours), upper midlittoral (4-8), lower midlittoral (0-4) and limit between midlittoral and infralittoral, monthly, from May/1990 to April/1991. The number of species increased from supralittoral (5) to infralittoral (22) and a clear vertical zonation on density was observed according to the emersion time gradient. The supralittoral is characterized by grapsids Armases angustipes (Dana, (1852), Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 and Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun, 1897) which have terrestrial habits and aerial respiration as a main way in obtaining the oxygen. In the midlittoral, the decapods show three basic types of adaptation against emersion desiccation and thermal stresses: (1) by digging into wet mud among the stones such as Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857, Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 and Eurypanopeus abbreviatus Stimpson, 1860, (2) by resting in shady and wet space between the boulders and pebbles or underside of them, like Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850), Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) and adults of Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 and (3) by clinging over the soaked filamentous algae layer on the pebbles or bouders surfaces, a strategy observed in small species such as Pilumnus dasypodus Kingsley, 1879, Podochela sp., Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1801 ), Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 and juveniles of Menippe nodifrons. In the infralittoral, small species which are vulnerable to desiccation stresses share space by diversification of their diet and adaptation strategies such as camouflage, body color change according to the substratum, flattened body for tight adhesion on hard surface and rapid movements. The main species of this zone are Petrolisthes armatus, Petrolisthes galathinus, juveniles of Menippe nodifrons, Epialtus brasiliensis Dana, 1852, P. dasypodus, Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutière, 1909, Megalobrachium roseum (Rathbun, 1900) and species of Palaemonidae. The rocky shore at Farol Isle is a complex architectural environment due to the conjunction of diversified habitats such as litter over a hard surface, spaces and crevices among boulders and pebbles, muddy substratum and phytal.

Decapod crustacean; spatial density distribution; zonation; rocky shore; Farol Isle

Crustacea decapoda da praia rochosa da Ilha do Farol, Matinhos, Paraná. II. Distribuição espacial de densidade das populações¹ 1 Contribuição número 929 do Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná.

Setuko Masunari^I; Janete Dubiaski-Silva^II

^IDepartamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Caixa Postal 19020, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. E-mail: setmas@bio.ufpr.br

^IIDoutoranda do Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, área de Zoologia. Bolsista do CNPq

ABSTRACT

Decapod crustaceans from rocky shore at Farol Isle, Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil. II. Spatial distribution of population densities. A study of the spatial distribution of the decapod populations from a rocky shore at Farol Isle, Matinhos, State of Paraná, Brazil (25º51'S, 48º32'W) was canied out. In the supralittoral the rocky surface is covered partially by a layer of litter coming from the terrestrial habitats; in the midlittoral boulders and pebbles cover the rocky basin and in the infralittoral, there is a belt of seaweeds. A total of 8 samples were taken by hand, two from each of the following levels: supralittoral (emersion time 8-12 hours), upper midlittoral (4-8), lower midlittoral (0-4) and limit between midlittoral and infralittoral, monthly, from May/1990 to April/1991. The number of species increased from supralittoral (5) to infralittoral (22) and a clear vertical zonation on density was observed according to the emersion time gradient. The supralittoral is characterized by grapsids Armases angustipes (Dana, (1852), Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 and Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun, 1897) which have terrestrial habits and aerial respiration as a main way in obtaining the oxygen. In the midlittoral, the decapods show three basic types of adaptation against emersion desiccation and thermal stresses: (1) by digging into wet mud among the stones such as Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857, Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 and Eurypanopeus abbreviatus Stimpson, 1860, (2) by resting in shady and wet space between the boulders and pebbles or underside of them, like Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850), Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) and adults of Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 and (3) by clinging over the soaked filamentous algae layer on the pebbles or bouders surfaces, a strategy observed in small species such as Pilumnus dasypodus Kingsley, 1879, Podochela sp., Petrolisthes galathinus (Bosc, 1801 ), Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne Edwards, 1878 and juveniles of Menippe nodifrons. In the infralittoral, small species which are vulnerable to desiccation stresses share space by diversification of their diet and adaptation strategies such as camouflage, body color change according to the substratum, flattened body for tight adhesion on hard surface and rapid movements. The main species of this zone are Petrolisthes armatus, Petrolisthes galathinus, juveniles of Menippe nodifrons, Epialtus brasiliensis Dana, 1852, P. dasypodus, Synalpheus fritzmuelleri Coutière, 1909, Megalobrachium roseum (Rathbun, 1900) and species of Palaemonidae. The rocky shore at Farol Isle is a complex architectural environment due to the conjunction of diversified habitats such as litter over a hard surface, spaces and crevices among boulders and pebbles, muddy substratum and phytal.

Key words: Decapod crustacean, spatial density distribution, zonation, rocky shore, Farol Isle.

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Ao Prof. Dr. Gustavo A.S. de Melo, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, pela confirmação de identificação das espécies de Decapoda Brachyura constantes do presente trabalho, bem como pelo envio de espécimes depositados no referido Museu. Ao biólogo Marcelo M. Braga, responsável pelo Laboratório de Invertebrados, Museu do Capão da Imbuia, Curitiba, Paraná, pelo empréstimo de espécimes de Decapoda depositados no referido Museu. Ao biólogo André H.G. Sicuro e ao Prof. Dr. Joaquim O. Branco, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, pelo precioso auxílio nos trabalhos de coleta do material biológico. Ao Dr. Luís A. Foerster, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, pela correção do abstract.

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Recebido em 20.VII.1997; aceito em 29.VII.1998.

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CAPITOLI, R.R.; C.E. BEMVENUTI & N.M. GIANUCA. 1977. Ocorrência e observações bio-ecológicas do caranguejo Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun) na região esturial da Lagoa dos Patos. Atlantica, Rio Grande, 2 (1):50-62.
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CHRISTOFFERSEN, M.L. 1979. Campagne de la Calypso au large des côtes atlantiques de l'Amérique du Sud (1961-1962). 36. Decapod Crustacea: Alpheoida. Résult. Scient. Camp. Calypso (11):297-377.
COBO, V.J.; A. FRANSOZO; F.L.M. Mantelatto; M.A.A. Pinheiro; S. Santos & J.M. Góes. 1994. Composição dos braquiúros (Crustacea, Decapoda) no manguezal formado pelos rios Comprido e Escuro, Ubatuba, SP. In: III Simpósio de Ecossistemas da Costa Brasileira: subsídios a um gerenciamento ambiental. São Paulo, Publicações da ACIESP, 87-I:146-150.
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CONNELL, J.H. 1961. Effects of competition, predation by Thais lapillus, and other factors on natural populations of the barnacle Balanus balanoides. Ecol. Monogr. 31:61-104.
DEPLEDGE, M.H. 1984. The influence of aerial exposure on gas exchange and cardiac activity in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas (L.). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79A (3):339-344.
DHN. 1990. Tábua das marés. Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação, Marinha do Brasil, DG 16-27, 231p.
______. 1991. Tábua das marés. Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação, Marinha do Brasil, DG 16-28, 181p.
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DWORSCHAK, P.C. 1987. The biology of Upogebia pusilla (Petagna) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) II. Environments and zonation. Mar. Ecol. 8 (4):337-358.
ENGSTROM, N.A. 1984. Depth limitation of a tropical intertidal xanthid crab, Cataleptodius floridanus, and a shallow-water majid, Pitho aculeata: results of a caging experiment. Jour. Crust. Biol. 4:55-62.
FERRARIS, J.D.; K. FAUCHALD & B. KENSLEY. 1994. Physiological responses to fluctuation in temperature or salinity in invertebrates. Adaptations of Alpheus viridari (Decapoda, Crustacea), Terebellides parva (Polychaeta) and Golfingia cylindrata (Sipunculida) to the mangrove habitat. Mar. Biol. 120:397-406.
FRANSOZO, A.; M.L. NEGREIROS-FRANSOZO & C.M. Hiyodo. 1988. Développement juvénile de Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Xanthidae) au laboratoire. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 21 (4):297-308.
GARCÉS, H.A.,B. 1987. Comparative behavior of Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith) and Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae). Rev. Biol. Trop. 35 (2):173-181.
GONZALÉS-GURRIARÁN, E. & J. FREIRE. 1994. Movement patterns and habitat utilization in the spider crab Maja squinado (Herbst) (Decapoda, Majidae) measured by ultrasonic telemetry. Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 184:269-291.
GORE, R.H. & L.E. SCOTTO. 1982. Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Brachyura: Grapsidae): the complete larval development in the laboratory, with notes on larvae of the genus Cyclograpsus. Fish. Bull. 80 (3):501-521.
GRAY, I.E. 1957. A comparative study of the gill area of crabs. Biol. Bull. Mar. Biol. Lab., Woods Hole, 112:34-42.
GRIFFIN, D.J.G. 1971. The ecological distribution of grapsid and cypodid shore crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) in Tasmania. Jour. Anim. Ecol. 40:597-621.
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1

Contribuição número 929 do Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
10 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
1998

Histórico

Aceito
29 Jul 1998
Recebido
20 Jul 1997

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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[13] CAPITOLI, R.R.; C.E. BEMVENUTI & N.M. GIANUCA. 1977. Ocorrência e observações bio-ecológicas do caranguejo Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun) na região esturial da Lagoa dos Patos. Atlantica, Rio Grande, 2 (1):50-62.

[14] CARMO, T.M.S. 1987. Os manguezais ao norte da Baía de Vitória, Espírito Santo. In: I Simpósio sobre Ecossistemas da Costa Sul e Sudeste Brasileira: síntese dos conhecimentos. São Paulo, Publicações da ACIESP, 54-I:173-194.

[15] CARMONA-SUAREZ, C.A. 1992. Interpopulation size variation in a tropical decorator crab, Microphrys bicornutus (Latreille, 1825) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Majidae). Crustaceana 63 (3):319-322.

[16] CHACE JR., F.A. & H.H. HOBBS JR. 1969. The freshwater and terrestrial decapod crustaceans of the West Indies with special reference to Dominica. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 292:1-258.

[17] CHRISTOFFERSEN, M.L. 1979. Campagne de la Calypso au large des côtes atlantiques de l'Amérique du Sud (1961-1962). 36. Decapod Crustacea: Alpheoida. Résult. Scient. Camp. Calypso (11):297-377.

[18] COBO, V.J.; A. FRANSOZO; F.L.M. Mantelatto; M.A.A. Pinheiro; S. Santos & J.M. Góes. 1994. Composição dos braquiúros (Crustacea, Decapoda) no manguezal formado pelos rios Comprido e Escuro, Ubatuba, SP. In: III Simpósio de Ecossistemas da Costa Brasileira: subsídios a um gerenciamento ambiental. São Paulo, Publicações da ACIESP, 87-I:146-150.

[19] COELHO, P.A. & M.A. RAMOS. 1972. A constituição e a distribuição da fauna de decápodos do litoral leste da América do Sul entre as latitudes de 5ºN e 39ºS. Trabls. Oceanogr. Univ. Fed. Pernambuco, Recife, 13:133-236.

[20] CONNELL, J.H. 1961. Effects of competition, predation by Thais lapillus, and other factors on natural populations of the barnacle Balanus balanoides. Ecol. Monogr. 31:61-104.

[21] DEPLEDGE, M.H. 1984. The influence of aerial exposure on gas exchange and cardiac activity in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas (L.). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79A (3):339-344.

[22] DHN. 1990. Tábua das marés. Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação, Marinha do Brasil, DG 16-27, 231p.

[23] ______. 1991. Tábua das marés. Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação, Marinha do Brasil, DG 16-28, 181p.

[24] DÍAZ, H. & J.J. EWALD. 1968. The larval development of Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun) and Sesarma ricordi H. Milne Edwards (Brachyura, Grapsidae) reared under laboratory conditions. Crustaceana (Suppl. 2):225-248.

[25] DWORSCHAK, P.C. 1987. The biology of Upogebia pusilla (Petagna) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) II. Environments and zonation. Mar. Ecol. 8 (4):337-358.

[26] ENGSTROM, N.A. 1984. Depth limitation of a tropical intertidal xanthid crab, Cataleptodius floridanus, and a shallow-water majid, Pitho aculeata: results of a caging experiment. Jour. Crust. Biol. 4:55-62.

[27] FERRARIS, J.D.; K. FAUCHALD & B. KENSLEY. 1994. Physiological responses to fluctuation in temperature or salinity in invertebrates. Adaptations of Alpheus viridari (Decapoda, Crustacea), Terebellides parva (Polychaeta) and Golfingia cylindrata (Sipunculida) to the mangrove habitat. Mar. Biol. 120:397-406.

[28] FRANSOZO, A.; M.L. NEGREIROS-FRANSOZO & C.M. Hiyodo. 1988. Développement juvénile de Menippe nodifrons Stimpson, 1859 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Xanthidae) au laboratoire. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 21 (4):297-308.

[29] GARCÉS, H.A.,B. 1987. Comparative behavior of Eurypanopeus depressus (Smith) and Eurypanopeus dissimilis (Benedict and Rathbun) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae). Rev. Biol. Trop. 35 (2):173-181.

[30] GONZALÉS-GURRIARÁN, E. & J. FREIRE. 1994. Movement patterns and habitat utilization in the spider crab Maja squinado (Herbst) (Decapoda, Majidae) measured by ultrasonic telemetry. Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 184:269-291.

[31] GORE, R.H. & L.E. SCOTTO. 1982. Cyclograpsus integer H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Brachyura: Grapsidae): the complete larval development in the laboratory, with notes on larvae of the genus Cyclograpsus. Fish. Bull. 80 (3):501-521.

[32] GRAY, I.E. 1957. A comparative study of the gill area of crabs. Biol. Bull. Mar. Biol. Lab., Woods Hole, 112:34-42.

[33] GRIFFIN, D.J.G. 1971. The ecological distribution of grapsid and cypodid shore crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura) in Tasmania. Jour. Anim. Ecol. 40:597-621.

[34] GRIFFITHS, C.L. & G.M. BRANCH. 1991. The macrofauna of rocky shore in False Bay. Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 47 (4-5):575-594.

[35] HANEKOM, N. & T. ERASMUS. 1988. Variations in size compositions of populations of Upogebia africana (Ortmann) (Decapoda, Crustacea) within the Swartkops estuary and possible influencing factors. S. Afr. Jour. Zool. 23 (4):259-265.

[36] HARTNOLL, R.G. 1983. Substratum, p. 97-124. In: R. EARLL & D.G. ERWIN (Eds). Sublittoral ecology. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, VI+277p.

[37] ICELY, J.D. & D.A. JONES. 1978. Factors affecting the distribution of the genus Uca (Crustacea: Ocypodidae) on an East African shore. Estuar. Coast. Mar. Scienc. 6:315-328.

[38] IMAZU, M. & A. ASAKURA. 1994. Distribution, reproduction and shell utilization patterns in three species of intertidal hermit crabs on a rocky shore on the Pacific coast of Japan. Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 184:41-65.

[39] INGLE, R.W. 1985. Larval development of the mud crab Panopeus occidentalis de Saussure, from Bermuda (Crustacea: Xanthoidea: Panopeidae). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 48 (4):233-248.

[40] JENSEN, G.C. & D.A. ARMSTRONG. 1991. Intertidal zonation among congeners: factors regulating distribution of porcelain crabs Petrolisthes spp. (Anomura: Porcellanidae). Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 73:47-60.

[41] JOHNSON, I. & R.F. UGLOW. 1985. Some effects of aerial exposure on the respiratory physiology and blood chemistry of Carcinus maenas (L.) and Liocarcinus puber (L.). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 94:151-165.

[42] JONES, D.A. 1972. Aspects of the ecology and behaviour of Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas) and O. kuhlii de Haan (Crustacea: Ocypodidae). Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 8:31-43.

[43] JONES, M.B. & J.G. GREENWOOD. 1982. Water loss of a porcelain crab, Petrolisthes elongatus (Milne Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda, Anomura) during atmospheric exposure. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 72A (4):631-636.

[44] KAESTNER, A. 1970. Invertebrate Zoology. Vol. III. Crustacea. New York, Interscience, VII+523p.

[45] KENSLER, C.B. 1967. Desiccation resistance of intertidal crevice species as a factor in their zonation. Jour. Anim. Ecol. 36:391-406.

[46] KILAR, J.A. & R.M. LOU. 1984. Ecological and behavioral studies of the decorator crab, Microphrys bicornutus Latreille (Decapoda: Brachyura): a test of optimum foraging theory. Jour. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 74:157-167.

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