Feeding of holoshesthes Heterodon eigenmann (Teleostei, Cheirodontinae) of the cajuru reservoir (Minas Gerais, Brazil), in relation to the vegetal biomass on its depletion zone

Alvim, Márcio Camilo Carvalho; Maia-Barbosa, Paulina Maria; Alves, Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751998000400018

Abstract

Stomach contents of Holoshesthes heterodon Eigenmann, 1915 (Teleostei, Cheirodontinae), collected in the depletion zone of Cajuru reservoir when it was at its maximum water level in two stations with different vegetal densities, were studied in order to investigate the influence of the flooded vegetal biomass on the food quantity and quality ingested by fish. Eighteen individuals from each station were examined. The standard length was l.53±0.05 cm and l.52±0.05 cm, respectively at the lower biomass (8.19 kg diy weight/ha) and higher biomass (38.10 kg diy weight/ha) sampling stations. The stomach repletion Index (SRI) was applied for the quantitative analysis. The alimentary index (IAi) was used for the quali-quantitative analysis, with the volume of the items obtained through the points method. SRI did not show values significatively different between the two stations, p>0.05, by applying the Mann-Whitney test. In both situations, Cladocera was the most important item. There were no correlation between the flooded vegetal biomass in the depletion zone and the intake of food by H. heterodon. However, as there were no empty stomachs, possibly even the lower vegetal biomass was enough to provide abundant feeding resources.

Fish feeding; reservoir; depletion zone; water level; vegetal biomass; Holoshesthes heterodon

Feeding of holoshesthes Heterodon eigenmann (Teleostei, Cheirodontinae) of the cajuru reservoir (Minas Gerais, Brazil), in relation to the vegetal biomass on its depletion zone

Márcio Camilo Carvalho Alvim^I; Paulina Maria Maia-Barbosa^II; Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves^III

^IPós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Caixa Postal 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Caixa Postal 486, 31270-010 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

^IIIDepartamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Caixa Postal 486, 31270-010 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Stomach contents of Holoshesthes heterodon Eigenmann, 1915 (Teleostei, Cheirodontinae), collected in the depletion zone of Cajuru reservoir when it was at its maximum water level in two stations with different vegetal densities, were studied in order to investigate the influence of the flooded vegetal biomass on the food quantity and quality ingested by fish. Eighteen individuals from each station were examined. The standard length was l.53±0.05 cm and l.52±0.05 cm, respectively at the lower biomass (8.19 kg diy weight/ha) and higher biomass (38.10 kg diy weight/ha) sampling stations. The stomach repletion Index (SRI) was applied for the quantitative analysis. The alimentary index (IAi) was used for the quali-quantitative analysis, with the volume of the items obtained through the points method. SRI did not show values significatively different between the two stations, p>0.05, by applying the Mann-Whitney test. In both situations, Cladocera was the most important item. There were no correlation between the flooded vegetal biomass in the depletion zone and the intake of food by H. heterodon. However, as there were no empty stomachs, possibly even the lower vegetal biomass was enough to provide abundant feeding resources.

Key words: Fish feeding, reservoir, depletion zone, water level, vegetal biomass, Holoshesthes heterodon.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We acknowledge the Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (CEMIG) for the logistic support for the collections and the Post-graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) for financing the translation of this article into English. We also thank Luiz Roberto Malabarba (Museu de Ciências da PUCRS) for the species identification, and the two anonymous referees for the useful suggestions made on the manuscript.

Recebido em 19.IX.1997; aceito em 19.XI.1998.

AGOSTINHO, A.A.; H.F. JÚLIO JR. & J.R. BORGHETTI. 1992. Considerações sobre os impactos dos represamentos na ictiofauna e medidas para sua atenuação. Um estudo de caso: reservatório de Itaipu. Unimar 14 (Supl.): 89-107.
ALVIM, M.C.C.; P.M. MAIA-BARBOSA & C.B.M. ALVES. 1997. Alimentação de Holoshesthes heterodon (Teleostei: Cheirodontinae) do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica Cajuru - MG, em relação ao nível da água. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 9: 45-54.
ANDRÉ, U.J. 1987. Les Cheirodontinae (Characidae, Ostariophysi) du Paraguay. Rev. Suisse Zool. 94 (1): 129-175.
BEAM, H.J. 1983. The effect of annual water level management on population trends of white crappie in Elk City Reservoir, Kansas. North. Amer. Jour. Fish. Management 3: 34-40.
BERNACSEK, G.M. 1984. Guidelines for dam design and operation to optimize fish production in impounded river basins (based on a review of the ecological effects of large dams in Africa). Cifa Tech. Pap. 11: V + 98p.
BRITSKI, H.A.; Y. SATO & A.B.S. ROSA. 1988. Manual de identificação de peixes da região de Três Marias Brasília, Codevasf, 3a ed., 115p.
COHEN, Y. & P. RADOMSKI. 1993. Water level regulations and fisheries in Rainy Lake and the Namakan Reservoir. Can. J. Aquat. Sci. 50: 1934-1945.
ELETROBRÁS. 1990. Programas para o desenvolvimento técnico e institucional do setor elétrico em meio ambiente. In: Plano diretor de meio ambiente do setor elétrico 1991/1993 (Resumo executivo). Rio de Janeiro, Eletrobrás, 72p.
FERNANDO, C.H. 1994. Zooplankton, fish and fisheries in tropical freshwaters. Hydrobiologia 272: 105-123.
GODINHO, A.L. 1993. E os peixes de Minas em 2010? Ciência Hoje 16 (91): 44-49.
______. 1994. Biologia reprodutiva da piaba-facão, Triporthens guentheri (Characiformes, Characidae) e o manejo hidrológico da represa de Três Marias. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 54 (3): 515-524.
HYNES, H.B.N. 1950. The food of freshwater sticklebacks (Gasterosteos aculeatus and Rygosteus pungituis) with a review of methods used in studies of foods of fishes. Jour. Animal Ecol. 19: 36-58.
HYSLOP, E.J. 1980. Stomach contents analysis - a review of methods and their application. Jour. Fish Biol. 17: 411-429.
KAWAKAMI, E. & G. VAZZOLER. 1980. Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado no estudo de alimentação de peixes. Bolm. Inst. Oceanogr., São Paulo, 29 (2): 205-207.
MELLO, F.M. 1978. Grandes barragens do Brasil. Construção Pesada, São Paulo, 95: 16-230.
NORTHCOTE, T.G.; R.G. NORTHCOTE & M.S. ARCIFA. 1986. Differential cropping of the caudal fin lobes of prey fishes by the piranha, Sermsalmus spilopleura Kner. Hydrobiologia 141: 199- 205.
PIECZYNSKA, E. 1993. Detritus and nutrient dynamics in the shore zone of lakes: a review. Hydrobiologia 251: 49-58.
PLOSKEY, G.R. 1985. Impacts of terrestrial vegetation and preimpoundment clearing on reservoir ecology and fisheries in the USA and Canada. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 258: V+1-35.
ROCHE, K.F.; E.V. SAMPAIO; D. TEIXEIRA; T. MATSUMURA-TUNDISI; J.G. TUNDISI & H.J. DUMONT. 1993. Impact of Holoshesthes heterodon Eigenmann (Pisces: Characidae) on the plankton community of a subtropical reservoir: the importance of predation by Chaoborus larvae. Hydrobiologia 254: 7-20.
ROZAS, L.P. & W.E. ODUM. 1988. Occupation of submerged aquatic vegetation by fishes: testing the roles of food and refuge. Oecologia 77: 101-106.
RYBAK, J.I. & V. SIKORSKA. 1976. Environment, p.7-26. In: E. PIEczynska (Ed.) Selected problems of lake littoral ecology Warszawa, Wydawnictwa Uniwer-sytetu Warszawskiego, 237p.
UIEDA, V.S. 1984. Ocorrência e distribuição dos peixes em um riacho de água doce. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 44 (2): 203-213.
WETZEL, R.G. 1990. Land-water interfaces: Metabolic and limnological regulators. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 24: 6-24.
ZAR, J.H. 1996. Biostatistical analysis New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 3r ed., X+662p.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
01 July 2009
Date of issue
Dec 1998

History

Accepted
19 Nov 1998
Received
19 Sept 1997

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] AGOSTINHO, A.A.; H.F. JÚLIO JR. & J.R. BORGHETTI. 1992. Considerações sobre os impactos dos represamentos na ictiofauna e medidas para sua atenuação. Um estudo de caso: reservatório de Itaipu. Unimar 14 (Supl.): 89-107.

[2] ALVIM, M.C.C.; P.M. MAIA-BARBOSA & C.B.M. ALVES. 1997. Alimentação de Holoshesthes heterodon (Teleostei: Cheirodontinae) do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica Cajuru - MG, em relação ao nível da água. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 9: 45-54.

[3] ANDRÉ, U.J. 1987. Les Cheirodontinae (Characidae, Ostariophysi) du Paraguay. Rev. Suisse Zool. 94 (1): 129-175.

[4] BEAM, H.J. 1983. The effect of annual water level management on population trends of white crappie in Elk City Reservoir, Kansas. North. Amer. Jour. Fish. Management 3: 34-40.

[5] BERNACSEK, G.M. 1984. Guidelines for dam design and operation to optimize fish production in impounded river basins (based on a review of the ecological effects of large dams in Africa). Cifa Tech. Pap. 11: V + 98p.

[6] BRITSKI, H.A.; Y. SATO & A.B.S. ROSA. 1988. Manual de identificação de peixes da região de Três Marias Brasília, Codevasf, 3a ed., 115p.

[7] COHEN, Y. & P. RADOMSKI. 1993. Water level regulations and fisheries in Rainy Lake and the Namakan Reservoir. Can. J. Aquat. Sci. 50: 1934-1945.

[8] ELETROBRÁS. 1990. Programas para o desenvolvimento técnico e institucional do setor elétrico em meio ambiente. In: Plano diretor de meio ambiente do setor elétrico 1991/1993 (Resumo executivo). Rio de Janeiro, Eletrobrás, 72p.

[9] FERNANDO, C.H. 1994. Zooplankton, fish and fisheries in tropical freshwaters. Hydrobiologia 272: 105-123.

[10] GODINHO, A.L. 1993. E os peixes de Minas em 2010? Ciência Hoje 16 (91): 44-49.

[11] ______. 1994. Biologia reprodutiva da piaba-facão, Triporthens guentheri (Characiformes, Characidae) e o manejo hidrológico da represa de Três Marias. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 54 (3): 515-524.

[12] HYNES, H.B.N. 1950. The food of freshwater sticklebacks (Gasterosteos aculeatus and Rygosteus pungituis) with a review of methods used in studies of foods of fishes. Jour. Animal Ecol. 19: 36-58.

[13] HYSLOP, E.J. 1980. Stomach contents analysis - a review of methods and their application. Jour. Fish Biol. 17: 411-429.

[14] KAWAKAMI, E. & G. VAZZOLER. 1980. Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado no estudo de alimentação de peixes. Bolm. Inst. Oceanogr., São Paulo, 29 (2): 205-207.

[15] MELLO, F.M. 1978. Grandes barragens do Brasil. Construção Pesada, São Paulo, 95: 16-230.

[16] NORTHCOTE, T.G.; R.G. NORTHCOTE & M.S. ARCIFA. 1986. Differential cropping of the caudal fin lobes of prey fishes by the piranha, Sermsalmus spilopleura Kner. Hydrobiologia 141: 199- 205.

[17] PIECZYNSKA, E. 1993. Detritus and nutrient dynamics in the shore zone of lakes: a review. Hydrobiologia 251: 49-58.

[18] PLOSKEY, G.R. 1985. Impacts of terrestrial vegetation and preimpoundment clearing on reservoir ecology and fisheries in the USA and Canada. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 258: V+1-35.

[19] ROCHE, K.F.; E.V. SAMPAIO; D. TEIXEIRA; T. MATSUMURA-TUNDISI; J.G. TUNDISI & H.J. DUMONT. 1993. Impact of Holoshesthes heterodon Eigenmann (Pisces: Characidae) on the plankton community of a subtropical reservoir: the importance of predation by Chaoborus larvae. Hydrobiologia 254: 7-20.

[20] ROZAS, L.P. & W.E. ODUM. 1988. Occupation of submerged aquatic vegetation by fishes: testing the roles of food and refuge. Oecologia 77: 101-106.

[21] RYBAK, J.I. & V. SIKORSKA. 1976. Environment, p.7-26. In: E. PIEczynska (Ed.) Selected problems of lake littoral ecology Warszawa, Wydawnictwa Uniwer-sytetu Warszawskiego, 237p.

[22] UIEDA, V.S. 1984. Ocorrência e distribuição dos peixes em um riacho de água doce. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 44 (2): 203-213.

[23] WETZEL, R.G. 1990. Land-water interfaces: Metabolic and limnological regulators. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 24: 6-24.

[24] ZAR, J.H. 1996. Biostatistical analysis New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 3r ed., X+662p.