Complexo Littorina ziczac (Gmelin) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) no litoral fluminense: análise morfométrica, distribuição vertical e bioquímica

Absalão, Ricardo Silva; Roberg, Renata Alves Pinheiro

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751999000200005

Resumo

The Littorina ziczac (Gmelin, 1791) species complex was studied in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The occurrence of three species was confirmed, through the analysis of penis morphology: L. ziczac (Gmelin, 1791), L. lineata d'Orbigny, 1841 and L. lineolata d'Orbigny, 1840. There is a correlation between the morphology of the penis and shell shape, thus it was possible to make a discrimination model based in conchologic data, with an efficiency of 75%. However, this model cannot be applied to others samples that weren't included in its formulation, due to phenotypic plasticity of the shell caused by biotic and abiotic factors. In the 9 areas studied L. lineolata was always the most abundam species. No vertical stratification in the distribution of the species was verified. From the nine enzymatic systems examined, only Pgi, Pgm e Mpi, presented identifiable patterns and no diagnostic locus was identified in any species. Nevertheless, S and I suggest the individualization of L. ziczac and L. lineata,respectively.

Littorina; species complex; vertical distribution; biochemistiy; Rio de Janeiro; Brazil

Complexo Littorina ziczac (Gmelin) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) no litoral fluminense: análise morfométrica, distribuição vertical e bioquímica

The Littorina ziczac (Gmelin) complex (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) in the Rio de Janeiro coast: morphometric analysis, vertical distribution and biochemistry

Ricardo Silva Absalão^I,II; Renata Alves Pinheiro Roberg^I

^IDepartamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. 21941-570 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The Littorina ziczac (Gmelin, 1791) species complex was studied in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The occurrence of three species was confirmed, through the analysis of penis morphology: L. ziczac (Gmelin, 1791), L. lineata d'Orbigny, 1841 and L. lineolata d'Orbigny, 1840. There is a correlation between the morphology of the penis and shell shape, thus it was possible to make a discrimination model based in conchologic data, with an efficiency of 75%. However, this model cannot be applied to others samples that weren't included in its formulation, due to phenotypic plasticity of the shell caused by biotic and abiotic factors. In the 9 areas studied L. lineolata was always the most abundam species. No vertical stratification in the distribution of the species was verified. From the nine enzymatic systems examined, only Pgi, Pgm e Mpi, presented identifiable patterns and no diagnostic locus was identified in any species. Nevertheless, S and I suggest the individualization of L. ziczac and L. lineata,respectively.

Key words:Littorina, species complex, vertical distribution, biochemistiy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Recebido em 31.X.1997; aceito em 22.III.1999.

Bandel, K. 1974. Studies on Littorinidae from the Atlantic. Veliger 17 (2):92-114.
Bandel, K. & D. Kadolsky. 1982. Western atlantic species of Nodilittorina (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Comparative morphology and its functional, ecológica!, philogenetic and taxonomic implications. Veliger 25 (1):11-42.
Beck, L. 1986. The radula, shell and soft body of thetwin species Gibbula umbilicalis (Da Costa) and Gibbula pennanti (Philippi) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Trochidae). Arch. Mollusckenkd 117 (1-3):11-18.
Bequaert, J.C. 1943. The genus Littorina in the Western Atlantic. Johnsonia 7:1-28.
Borkowski, T.V. 1975. Variability among Caribbean Littorinidae. Veliger 171 (4):369-377.
Borkowski, T.V. & M.R. Borkowski. 1969. The ziczac species complex. Veliger 11 (4):408-414.
Crothers, J.H. 1985. Two different patterns of shell-shape variation in the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus (L.). Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 25 (4):339-353.
Felvoden, S.E. & S.P. Gardiner. 1987. Environmental stress and allozyme variation in Littorina littorea (Prosobranchia). Mar. Ecol. 39:129-136.
Flores, C. 1973. La familia Linidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda) en las aguas costeras de Venezuela. Bol. Inst. oceanogr. Cumana 12 (1):3-22.
Goodwin, B.J. & J.D. Fish. 1977. Inter- and intra- specific variation in Littorina obtusata and L. marie (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Jour. Moll. Stud. 43:241-254.
Grahame, J. & P.J. Mill. 1986. Relative size of the foot of two species of Littorina on a rocky shore in Wales. Jour. Zool. 208:229-236.
______. 1989. Shell shape variation in Littorina saxatilis and L. arcana: a case of character displacement? Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 69:837-855.
Grahame, J.; P.J. Mill; M. Double & S.L. Hull. 1992. Patterns of variation in Aat-1 allele frequencies in rough periwinkles (Littorina) suggest similar selection regimes rather than conspecificity. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 72 (2):499-502.
Hannaford Ellis, C. 1983. Patterns of reproduction in four Littorina species. Jour. Moll. Stud. 49:98-106.
______. 1984. Ontogenetic change in colour shell pattern in Littorina negleta Bean (1844). Jour. Conch. 31:343-347.
Jason, K. 1983. Selection and migration in two distinct phenotypes of Littorina saxatilis in Sweden. Oecologia 59:58-61.
______. 1985. A morphologic and genetic analysis of Littorina saxatilis (Prosobranchia) from Venice, and on the problem of saxatilis-rudis nomenclature. Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 24:51-59.
______. 1987. Allozyme and shell variation in two marine snails (Littorina, Prosobranchia) with different dispersal abilities. Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 30:245-256.
Jason, K. & R.D. Ward. 1984. Microgeographic variation in allozyme and shell characters in Littorina saxatilis Olivi (Prosobranchia, Littorinidae). Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 22:289-307.
Johannesson, K. & B.O. Johannesson. 1990. Genetic variation with Littorina saxatilis (olivi) and Littorina neglecta Bean: Is L. neglecta a good species? Hidrobiologia 193:89-97.
Knight, A.J. & R.D. Ward. 1991. The genetic relationships of three taxa in the Littorina saxatilis species complex (Prosobranchia: Littorinidae). Jour. Moll. Stud. 57:81-91.
Legendre, L. & P. Legendre. 1983. Numerical ecology. New York, Elsevier Sci. Publ.,419p.
Lindberg, D.R. 1982. A multivariate study of morphological variation of the limpet Notoacmea depicta and its synonyms Notoacmea gabatella and Notoacmea lepisma (Gastropoda: Acaeidae). Bull. South Calif. Acad. Sci. 81:87-96.
Marcus, E. & E.B.R. Marcus. 1963. Mesogastropoden von der Küste von São Paulo. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1:1-105.
Mastro, E.; V. Chow & D. Hedgecock. 1982. Littorina scutulata and Littorina plena: Sibling species status of two prosobranch gastropod species confirmed by eletrophoresis. Veliger 24 (3):239-246.
McMahon, R. & M.W. Yipp. 1992. Evaluation of evaporative cooling as a mechanism for regulation of tissue temperatures during insolation in twelve species of Hong Kong mangrove and rocky shore prosobranchs gastropods, p.745-767. In: B. Mouton (Ed.). The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. Vol. 2: Introduction taxonomy and ecology. Hong Kong, Univ Press.
Mill, P.J. & J. Grahame. 1988. Esterase variability in the gastropods Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) and L. arcana Ellis. Jour. Moll. Stud. 54:347-353.
Moyse, J.; J.P. Thorpe & E. Al-Hamadani. 1982. The status of Littorina aestuarii Jeffreys an approach using morphology and biochemical geneties. Jour. Conch. 31:7-15.
Murray, T. 1982. Morphological characterization of the Littorina scutulata speceis complex. Veliger 24 (3):233-238.
Palmer, A.R.; S.D. Gayron & D.S.W. Druff. 1990. Reprodutive, morphological and genetic evidence for two cryptic species of Northeastern Pacific Nucella. Veliger 33 (4):325-338.
Raffaelli, D. 1982. Recent ecological research on some european species of Littorina. Jour. Moll. Stud. 48:342-354.
Rios, E.C. 1970. Coastal Brazilian Seashells. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico do Rio Grande, 255p.
______. 1975. Brazilian Marine Mollusks. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico Fundação Universidade de Rio Grande, 331p.
______. 1985. Seashells of Brazil. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico Fundação Universidade de Rio Grande, 328pp.
Roth, B. & P.H. Pressley. 1986. Observations on the range and natural history of Manadenia setosa (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) in the Klamath Montains, California (USA) and the taxonomy of the same relates species. Veliger 29 (2):169-182.
Seeley, R.H. 1986. Intense natural selection caused a rapid morphological transition in a living marine snail. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 83:6897-6901.
Solé-Cava, A. & J.P. Thorpe. 1987. The use of eletrophoresis in sponge taxonomy, p.243-258. In: J. Vacelet & N. Boury Esnault (Eds). The Sponge Taxonomy. Nato Asi Series Vol. 13, Springer Verlag.
Sundberg, P. 1988. Microgeographic variation in shell characters of Littorina saxatilis Olivi-a question mainly of size ? Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 35:169-184.
Thorpe, J.P. 1983. Enzime variations, genetic distance and evolutionary devergence in relation to levels of taxonomic seoaration, p. 131-152. In: Protein polymorphism: Adaptative and taxonomic significance. Systematic Association.
Verduin, A. 1986. On the systematies of some recent Rissoa. Basteria 50:13-24.
Vermeij, G.J. 1982. Environmental change and evolutionary history of the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in North America. Evolution 36:561-580.
Vermeij, G.J. & J.W. Porter. 1971. Some characteristies of the dominant intertidal molluscs from rocky shores in Pernambuco, Brazil. Bull. Mar. Sci. 21 (2):440-454.
Ward, R.D. 1990. Biochemical genetic variation in the genus Littorina (Prosobranchia: Mollusca). Hydrobiologia 193:53-69.
Ward, R.D. & T. Warwick. 1980. Genetic diferentiation in the molluscan species Littorina rudis and Littorina arcana (Prosobranchia: Littorinidae). Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 14:417-428.
Warwick, R.M. & K.R. Clarke. 1991. A comparison of some methods for analysing changes in benthic community structure. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 71:225-244.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
01 Jul 2009
Data do Fascículo
Jun 1999

Histórico

Aceito
22 Mar 1999
Recebido
31 Out 1997

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Bandel, K. 1974. Studies on Littorinidae from the Atlantic. Veliger 17 (2):92-114.

[2] Bandel, K. & D. Kadolsky. 1982. Western atlantic species of Nodilittorina (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia): Comparative morphology and its functional, ecológica!, philogenetic and taxonomic implications. Veliger 25 (1):11-42.

[3] Beck, L. 1986. The radula, shell and soft body of thetwin species Gibbula umbilicalis (Da Costa) and Gibbula pennanti (Philippi) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Trochidae). Arch. Mollusckenkd 117 (1-3):11-18.

[4] Bequaert, J.C. 1943. The genus Littorina in the Western Atlantic. Johnsonia 7:1-28.

[5] Borkowski, T.V. 1975. Variability among Caribbean Littorinidae. Veliger 171 (4):369-377.

[6] Borkowski, T.V. & M.R. Borkowski. 1969. The ziczac species complex. Veliger 11 (4):408-414.

[7] Crothers, J.H. 1985. Two different patterns of shell-shape variation in the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus (L.). Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 25 (4):339-353.

[8] Felvoden, S.E. & S.P. Gardiner. 1987. Environmental stress and allozyme variation in Littorina littorea (Prosobranchia). Mar. Ecol. 39:129-136.

[9] Flores, C. 1973. La familia Linidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda) en las aguas costeras de Venezuela. Bol. Inst. oceanogr. Cumana 12 (1):3-22.

[10] Goodwin, B.J. & J.D. Fish. 1977. Inter- and intra- specific variation in Littorina obtusata and L. marie (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Jour. Moll. Stud. 43:241-254.

[11] Grahame, J. & P.J. Mill. 1986. Relative size of the foot of two species of Littorina on a rocky shore in Wales. Jour. Zool. 208:229-236.

[12] ______. 1989. Shell shape variation in Littorina saxatilis and L. arcana: a case of character displacement? Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 69:837-855.

[13] Grahame, J.; P.J. Mill; M. Double & S.L. Hull. 1992. Patterns of variation in Aat-1 allele frequencies in rough periwinkles (Littorina) suggest similar selection regimes rather than conspecificity. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 72 (2):499-502.

[14] Hannaford Ellis, C. 1983. Patterns of reproduction in four Littorina species. Jour. Moll. Stud. 49:98-106.

[15] ______. 1984. Ontogenetic change in colour shell pattern in Littorina negleta Bean (1844). Jour. Conch. 31:343-347.

[16] Jason, K. 1983. Selection and migration in two distinct phenotypes of Littorina saxatilis in Sweden. Oecologia 59:58-61.

[17] ______. 1985. A morphologic and genetic analysis of Littorina saxatilis (Prosobranchia) from Venice, and on the problem of saxatilis-rudis nomenclature. Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 24:51-59.

[18] ______. 1987. Allozyme and shell variation in two marine snails (Littorina, Prosobranchia) with different dispersal abilities. Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 30:245-256.

[19] Jason, K. & R.D. Ward. 1984. Microgeographic variation in allozyme and shell characters in Littorina saxatilis Olivi (Prosobranchia, Littorinidae). Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 22:289-307.

[20] Johannesson, K. & B.O. Johannesson. 1990. Genetic variation with Littorina saxatilis (olivi) and Littorina neglecta Bean: Is L. neglecta a good species? Hidrobiologia 193:89-97.

[21] Knight, A.J. & R.D. Ward. 1991. The genetic relationships of three taxa in the Littorina saxatilis species complex (Prosobranchia: Littorinidae). Jour. Moll. Stud. 57:81-91.

[22] Legendre, L. & P. Legendre. 1983. Numerical ecology. New York, Elsevier Sci. Publ.,419p.

[23] Lindberg, D.R. 1982. A multivariate study of morphological variation of the limpet Notoacmea depicta and its synonyms Notoacmea gabatella and Notoacmea lepisma (Gastropoda: Acaeidae). Bull. South Calif. Acad. Sci. 81:87-96.

[24] Marcus, E. & E.B.R. Marcus. 1963. Mesogastropoden von der Küste von São Paulo. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse 1:1-105.

[25] Mastro, E.; V. Chow & D. Hedgecock. 1982. Littorina scutulata and Littorina plena: Sibling species status of two prosobranch gastropod species confirmed by eletrophoresis. Veliger 24 (3):239-246.

[26] McMahon, R. & M.W. Yipp. 1992. Evaluation of evaporative cooling as a mechanism for regulation of tissue temperatures during insolation in twelve species of Hong Kong mangrove and rocky shore prosobranchs gastropods, p.745-767. In: B. Mouton (Ed.). The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. Vol. 2: Introduction taxonomy and ecology. Hong Kong, Univ Press.

[27] Mill, P.J. & J. Grahame. 1988. Esterase variability in the gastropods Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) and L. arcana Ellis. Jour. Moll. Stud. 54:347-353.

[28] Moyse, J.; J.P. Thorpe & E. Al-Hamadani. 1982. The status of Littorina aestuarii Jeffreys an approach using morphology and biochemical geneties. Jour. Conch. 31:7-15.

[29] Murray, T. 1982. Morphological characterization of the Littorina scutulata speceis complex. Veliger 24 (3):233-238.

[30] Palmer, A.R.; S.D. Gayron & D.S.W. Druff. 1990. Reprodutive, morphological and genetic evidence for two cryptic species of Northeastern Pacific Nucella. Veliger 33 (4):325-338.

[31] Raffaelli, D. 1982. Recent ecological research on some european species of Littorina. Jour. Moll. Stud. 48:342-354.

[32] Rios, E.C. 1970. Coastal Brazilian Seashells. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico do Rio Grande, 255p.

[33] ______. 1975. Brazilian Marine Mollusks. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico Fundação Universidade de Rio Grande, 331p.

[34] ______. 1985. Seashells of Brazil. Rio Grande, Museu Oceanográfico Fundação Universidade de Rio Grande, 328pp.

[35] Roth, B. & P.H. Pressley. 1986. Observations on the range and natural history of Manadenia setosa (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) in the Klamath Montains, California (USA) and the taxonomy of the same relates species. Veliger 29 (2):169-182.

[36] Seeley, R.H. 1986. Intense natural selection caused a rapid morphological transition in a living marine snail. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 83:6897-6901.

[37] Solé-Cava, A. & J.P. Thorpe. 1987. The use of eletrophoresis in sponge taxonomy, p.243-258. In: J. Vacelet & N. Boury Esnault (Eds). The Sponge Taxonomy. Nato Asi Series Vol. 13, Springer Verlag.

[38] Sundberg, P. 1988. Microgeographic variation in shell characters of Littorina saxatilis Olivi-a question mainly of size ? Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 35:169-184.

[39] Thorpe, J.P. 1983. Enzime variations, genetic distance and evolutionary devergence in relation to levels of taxonomic seoaration, p. 131-152. In: Protein polymorphism: Adaptative and taxonomic significance. Systematic Association.

[40] Verduin, A. 1986. On the systematies of some recent Rissoa. Basteria 50:13-24.

[41] Vermeij, G.J. 1982. Environmental change and evolutionary history of the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in North America. Evolution 36:561-580.

[42] Vermeij, G.J. & J.W. Porter. 1971. Some characteristies of the dominant intertidal molluscs from rocky shores in Pernambuco, Brazil. Bull. Mar. Sci. 21 (2):440-454.

[43] Ward, R.D. 1990. Biochemical genetic variation in the genus Littorina (Prosobranchia: Mollusca). Hydrobiologia 193:53-69.

[44] Ward, R.D. & T. Warwick. 1980. Genetic diferentiation in the molluscan species Littorina rudis and Littorina arcana (Prosobranchia: Littorinidae). Biol. Jour. Lin. Soc. 14:417-428.

[45] Warwick, R.M. & K.R. Clarke. 1991. A comparison of some methods for analysing changes in benthic community structure. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 71:225-244.

Brasil

Brasil

Complexo Littorina ziczac (Gmelin) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) no litoral fluminense: análise morfométrica, distribuição vertical e bioquímica

The Littorina ziczac (Gmelin) complex (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) in the Rio de Janeiro coast: morphometric analysis, vertical distribution and biochemistry

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico