A new species of titi monkey, Callicebus Thomas, from north-eastern Brazil (Primates, Cebidae)

Kobayashi, Shuji; Langguth, Alfredo

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751999000200018

Abstract

A new species of titi monkey, Catticebus, is described based on five specimens obtained from the state of Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil. It is a member of the Personatus group, but is easily distinguished from the other forms. The most noticeable differences are in the pelage coloration, the forehead, crown, and ear being black, and having a zebra-like, striped pattern on the anterior half of the back. Distinct features of its dental morphology and craniometry are also described.

Callicebus; Cebidae; new species; Personatus group; north-eastern Brazil

A new species of titi monkey, Callicebus Thomas, from north-eastern Brazil (Primates, Cebidae)

Shuji Kobayashi^I; Alfredo Langguth^II

^IDepartment of Asian Studies, Chukyo Women's University. Nadakayama 55, Yokone-cho, Aichi 474-0011, Japan

^IIDepartamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. 58059-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil

ABSTRACT

A new species of titi monkey, Catticebus, is described based on five specimens obtained from the state of Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil. It is a member of the Personatus group, but is easily distinguished from the other forms. The most noticeable differences are in the pelage coloration, the forehead, crown, and ear being black, and having a zebra-like, striped pattern on the anterior half of the back. Distinct features of its dental morphology and craniometry are also described.

Key words:Callicebus, Cebidae, new species, Personatus group, north-eastern Brazil

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Useful data on distributions and ecology of titi monkeys were offered by the following: A.F. Coimbra-Filho (ex-director of the Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro -CPRJ/FEEMA, Brazil), E. Wilson (Sytech 3, Brazil), and Leila M. Pessoa and João A. de Oliveira (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro- UFRJ, Brazil). Special thanks are due to T. Setoguchi, Kyoto University, for supporting this study. The authors are grateful to M. Natori, Okayama Science University, and N. Shigehara and M. Aimi, Kyoto University, Japan, who critically reviewed earlier manuscripts of this paper. We also are most grateful to the following people and their staff for the many courtesies received during visits to their collections: Leda Dau (retired director of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), S.A. Marques and José de Sousa e Silva Junior (Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Brazil), P.E. Vanzolini and R.L. Spieker (Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil), J. Marinho-Filho (Universidade de Brasília, Brazil), R.W. Thorington, Jr. (National Museum of Natural History, U.S.A.), B.D. Patterson and the late P. Hershkovitz (Field Museum of Natural History, U.S.A.), and G. G. Musser (American Museum of Natural History, U.S.A.). Last not least, special thanks are due to Anthony B. Rylands who critically reviewed the final version of the manuscript. This study was financed by the Ministry of Education of Japan, the Ishida Foundation of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation of USA (to S.K.) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), of Brazil (to A. Langguth).

Recebido em 13.I.1998; aceito em 30.IV.1999.

Coimbra-Filho, A.F. & I. DE G. Câmara. 1996. Os Limites Originais do Bioma Mata Atlântica na Região Nordeste do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro, Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza, 86p.
Hershkovitz, P. 1988. Origin, speciation and distribution of South American titi monkeys, genus Callicebus (family Cebidae, Platyrrhini). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadephia 140 (1):240-272.
______. 1990. Titis, New World monkeys of the genus Callicebus (Cebidae, Platyrrhini): A preliminary taxonomic review. Fieldiana, Zool. N.S., 55:1-109.
Kinzey, W.G. 1982. Distribution of primates and forest refuges, p.456-482. In: G.T. Prance (Ed.). Biological Diversification in the Tropics. New York, Columbia University Press, 714p.
Kobayashi, S. 1990. A morphological study of upper first and second molars in the genus Callicebus. Jour. Anthrop. Soc. Nippon 98 (2):121-135.
______. 1995. A phylogenetic study of titi monkeys, genus Callicebus, based on cranial measurements: I. Phyletic groups of Callicebus. Primates 36 (1):101-120.
Marinho-Filho, J. & E.W. Veríssimo. 1997. The rediscovery of Callicebus personatus barbarabrownae in Northeastern Brazil with a new Western limit for its distribution. Primates 38 (4):429-433.
Martin, R. & K. Saller. 1957. Lehrbuch der Anthropologie. Stuttgart, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Vol. 1.
Mittermeier, RA.; A.B. Rylands & A.F. Coimbra-Filho. 1988. Systematics: species and subspecies - an update, p. 13-75. In: R.A. Mittermeier; A.B. Rylands; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & G.A.B, da Fonseca (Eds). Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates. Washington D.C., World Wildlife Fund, Vol. 2, 610p.
Natori, M. & T. Hanihara. 1989. Morphological variations of cranium within the genus Leontopithecus. Primates 30 (2):265-268.
Oliver, W.L.R. & I.B. Santos. 1991. Threatened endemic mammals of the Atlantic forest region of south-east Brazil. Wildl. Preserv. Trust Spec. Scient. Report (4):1-123.
Redford, K.H. & J.F. Eisenberg. 1992. Mammals of the Neotropics 2: The Southern Cone. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 430p.
Rizzini, C.T.; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & A. Houaiss. 1988. Ecossistemas Brasileiros. Rio de Janeiro, Editora Index, 199p.
Rylands, A.B.; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & R.A. Mittermeier. 1993. Systematics, distributions and some notes on the conservation status of the Callitrichidae, p. 11-77. In: A.B. Rylands (Ed.) Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behaviour, and Ecology. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 396p.
Sneath, P.H.A. & R.R. Sokal. 1973. Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification. San Francisco, Freeman and Co., 573p.
Spix, J. de. 1823. Simiarum et Vespertilionum Brasiliensium species novae; ou histoire naturelle des espèces nouvelles de singes et de chauves-souris observées et recuellies pendant le voyage dans l'intérieur du Brésil.... Munich, VIII+72p.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
01 July 2009
Date of issue
June 1999

History

Accepted
30 Apr 1999
Received
13 Jan 1998

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Coimbra-Filho, A.F. & I. DE G. Câmara. 1996. Os Limites Originais do Bioma Mata Atlântica na Região Nordeste do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro, Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza, 86p.

[2] Hershkovitz, P. 1988. Origin, speciation and distribution of South American titi monkeys, genus Callicebus (family Cebidae, Platyrrhini). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadephia 140 (1):240-272.

[3] ______. 1990. Titis, New World monkeys of the genus Callicebus (Cebidae, Platyrrhini): A preliminary taxonomic review. Fieldiana, Zool. N.S., 55:1-109.

[4] Kinzey, W.G. 1982. Distribution of primates and forest refuges, p.456-482. In: G.T. Prance (Ed.). Biological Diversification in the Tropics. New York, Columbia University Press, 714p.

[5] Kobayashi, S. 1990. A morphological study of upper first and second molars in the genus Callicebus. Jour. Anthrop. Soc. Nippon 98 (2):121-135.

[6] ______. 1995. A phylogenetic study of titi monkeys, genus Callicebus, based on cranial measurements: I. Phyletic groups of Callicebus. Primates 36 (1):101-120.

[7] Marinho-Filho, J. & E.W. Veríssimo. 1997. The rediscovery of Callicebus personatus barbarabrownae in Northeastern Brazil with a new Western limit for its distribution. Primates 38 (4):429-433.

[8] Martin, R. & K. Saller. 1957. Lehrbuch der Anthropologie. Stuttgart, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Vol. 1.

[9] Mittermeier, RA.; A.B. Rylands & A.F. Coimbra-Filho. 1988. Systematics: species and subspecies - an update, p. 13-75. In: R.A. Mittermeier; A.B. Rylands; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & G.A.B, da Fonseca (Eds). Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates. Washington D.C., World Wildlife Fund, Vol. 2, 610p.

[10] Natori, M. & T. Hanihara. 1989. Morphological variations of cranium within the genus Leontopithecus. Primates 30 (2):265-268.

[11] Oliver, W.L.R. & I.B. Santos. 1991. Threatened endemic mammals of the Atlantic forest region of south-east Brazil. Wildl. Preserv. Trust Spec. Scient. Report (4):1-123.

[12] Redford, K.H. & J.F. Eisenberg. 1992. Mammals of the Neotropics 2: The Southern Cone. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 430p.

[13] Rizzini, C.T.; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & A. Houaiss. 1988. Ecossistemas Brasileiros. Rio de Janeiro, Editora Index, 199p.

[14] Rylands, A.B.; A.F. Coimbra-Filho & R.A. Mittermeier. 1993. Systematics, distributions and some notes on the conservation status of the Callitrichidae, p. 11-77. In: A.B. Rylands (Ed.) Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behaviour, and Ecology. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 396p.

[15] Sneath, P.H.A. & R.R. Sokal. 1973. Numerical Taxonomy: The Principles and Practice of Numerical Classification. San Francisco, Freeman and Co., 573p.

[16] Spix, J. de. 1823. Simiarum et Vespertilionum Brasiliensium species novae; ou histoire naturelle des espèces nouvelles de singes et de chauves-souris observées et recuellies pendant le voyage dans l'intérieur du Brésil.... Munich, VIII+72p.