Dieta da pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt (Teleostei, Characidae) em quatro lagoas marginais do rio São Francisco, Brasil

Pompeu, Paulo dos Santos

doi:10.1590/S0101-81751999000600003

Resumo

The diet of pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt 1874 was studied in four floodplain lakes in São Francisco river. The main food items consumed were chunks of fish flesh, small fishes, scales, fins and aquatic insects. Trophic ontogeny was observed in all lakes. The amount of fishes in the diet of S. brandtii increased with the length of the individuals, while the amount of aquatics insects, fins and scales decreased. Aquatic insects were consumed in greater proportion during the wet season. Fish ingestion, including scales and fins, was correlated with the abundance of fishes.

Serrasalmus brandtii; diet; floodplain lakes; São Francisco River

Dieta da pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt (Teleostei, Characidae) em quatro lagoas marginais do rio São Francisco, Brasil

Diet of pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt (Teleostei, Characidae) in four floodplain lakes in São Francisco river, Brazil

Paulo dos Santos Pompeu

Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Mina Gerais. Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627. 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: pompeups@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT

The diet of pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt 1874 was studied in four floodplain lakes in São Francisco river. The main food items consumed were chunks of fish flesh, small fishes, scales, fins and aquatic insects. Trophic ontogeny was observed in all lakes. The amount of fishes in the diet of S. brandtii increased with the length of the individuals, while the amount of aquatics insects, fins and scales decreased. Aquatic insects were consumed in greater proportion during the wet season. Fish ingestion, including scales and fins, was correlated with the abundance of fishes.

Key words:Serrasalmus brandtii, diet, floodplain lakes, São Francisco River.

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Aos amigos Fábio Vieira e Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves, Volney Vono, Gilmar Bastos Santos e Alexandre Lima Godinho pelas valiosas sugestões ao manuscrito. À CODEVASF, UFMG e CNPq, que possibilitaram a execução deste projeto.

Recebido em 06.VIII.1998; aceito em 05.XI.1999.

Bedê, L.C; G.B. Santos; C.B.M. Alves & A. Pelli. 1993. Alimentação de peixes do reservatório da Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, com ênfase na malacofagia. Ceres 40: 429-437.
Bistoni, M.A & J.G. Haro. 1995. Hábitos alimentados de Serrasalmus spilopleura (Pisces, Serrasamidae) en los bañados del rio Dulce (Córdoba, Argentina). Rev. Brasil. Biol 55: 847-853.
Braga, A.R. 1964. Disponibilidade de peixes em poços do rio São Francisco. Bol. Soc. Cear. Agron. 5: 77-86.
______ . 1981. Ecologia e etologia das piranhas do nordeste do Brasil (Pisces-Serrasalmus Lacépède, 1803). Fortaleza, Denocs, 268p.
Gery, J. 1977. Characoids of the word. Neptune, T.F.H. Publ., 672p.
Goulding, M. 1980. The fishes and the forest. Explorations in Amazonian natural history. Berkeley, University of California Press, 280p.
Goulding, M.; M.L. Carvalho & E.G. Ferreira. 1988. Rio Negro: rich life in poor water. Hague, SBC Academic Publishing, 200p.
Kawakami, E. & G. Vazzoler. 1980. Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado ao estudo de alimentação de peixes. Bolm. Inst. Oceanogr., São Paulo, 29: 205-207.
Leão, E.L.M; R.G. Leite; P.T.C. Chaves & E. Ferraz. 1991. Aspectos da reprodução, alimentação e parasitofauna de uma espécie rara de piranha, Serrasalmus altuvei, Ramíres, 1965 (Pisces, Serrasalmidae) do baixo rio Negro. Rev. Brasil. Biol 51: 545-553.
Lowe-McConnell, R.L. 1964. The fishes of Rupunini savanna district of British Guiana, South America. Part 1: Ecological groupings of fish species and effects of the seazonal cycle on the fish. Jour. Limn. Soc, Zool., 45: 103-144.
______ . 1975. Fish communities in tropical freshwaters. London, Longman, 337p.
______ . 1987. Ecological studies in tropical fish communities. London, Cambridge University Press, 382p.
Machado-Allison, A. & C. Garcia. 1986. Food habits and morphological changes during ontogeny in tree serrasalmin species of Venezuelan flood plain. Copeia 1: 93-96.
Myers, J.S. 1972. The piranha book. Neptune, TFH Publ, 128p.
Nico, L.G. & D.C. Taphorn. 1988. Food habits of piranhas in the low llanos of Venezuela. Biotropica 20: 311-321.
Planvasf. 1986. Plano Diretor para o Desenvolvimento do Vale do São Francisco. Brasília, Planvasf, 80p.
Pauly, D. 1994. Quantitative analysis of published data on the growth, metabolism, food consumption, and related features of the red-bellied piranha, Serrasalmus nattereri (Characidae). Environ. Biol. Fishes 41: 423-437.
Prejs, A. & K. Prejs. 1987. Feeding of tropical freshwater fishes: seasonality in resource availability and resourse use. Oecologia 71: 397-404.
Roberts, T.R. 1972. Ecology of fishes in the Amazon and Congo Basins. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143: 117-147.
Sazima, I. & C. Zamprogno. 1985. Use of water hyacinths as shelter, foraging place, and transport by young piranhas, Serrasalmus spilopleura. Environ. Biol. Fishes 12: 237-240.
Sazima, I. & F.A. Machado. 1990. Underwater observations of piranhas in western Brazil. Environ. Biol. Fishes 28: 17-31.
Takeda, A.M; G.Y. Shimisu; J. Higuti. 1997. Variações espaço-temporais da comunidade zoobentônica, p.157-177. In: A.E.M. Vazzolerm; A.A. Agostinho & N.S. Hahn. A planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná: aspectos físicos, biológicos e socioeconômicos. Maringá, Eduem, 460p.
Welcomme, R.L. 1985. River Fisheries. FAO Fish. Tech Pap. 262: 1-330.
Winemiller, K.O. 1989. Ontogenetic diet shifts and resourse partioning among piscivorous fishes in the Venezuelan llanos. Environ. Biol. Fishes 26: 177-199.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
04 Jun 2009
Data do Fascículo
1999

Histórico

Aceito
05 Nov 1999
Recebido
06 Ago 1998

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] Bedê, L.C; G.B. Santos; C.B.M. Alves & A. Pelli. 1993. Alimentação de peixes do reservatório da Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, com ênfase na malacofagia. Ceres 40: 429-437.

[2] Bistoni, M.A & J.G. Haro. 1995. Hábitos alimentados de Serrasalmus spilopleura (Pisces, Serrasamidae) en los bañados del rio Dulce (Córdoba, Argentina). Rev. Brasil. Biol 55: 847-853.

[3] Braga, A.R. 1964. Disponibilidade de peixes em poços do rio São Francisco. Bol. Soc. Cear. Agron. 5: 77-86.

[4] ______ . 1981. Ecologia e etologia das piranhas do nordeste do Brasil (Pisces-Serrasalmus Lacépède, 1803). Fortaleza, Denocs, 268p.

[5] Gery, J. 1977. Characoids of the word. Neptune, T.F.H. Publ., 672p.

[6] Goulding, M. 1980. The fishes and the forest. Explorations in Amazonian natural history. Berkeley, University of California Press, 280p.

[7] Goulding, M.; M.L. Carvalho & E.G. Ferreira. 1988. Rio Negro: rich life in poor water. Hague, SBC Academic Publishing, 200p.

[8] Kawakami, E. & G. Vazzoler. 1980. Método gráfico e estimativa de índice alimentar aplicado ao estudo de alimentação de peixes. Bolm. Inst. Oceanogr., São Paulo, 29: 205-207.

[9] Leão, E.L.M; R.G. Leite; P.T.C. Chaves & E. Ferraz. 1991. Aspectos da reprodução, alimentação e parasitofauna de uma espécie rara de piranha, Serrasalmus altuvei, Ramíres, 1965 (Pisces, Serrasalmidae) do baixo rio Negro. Rev. Brasil. Biol 51: 545-553.

[10] Lowe-McConnell, R.L. 1964. The fishes of Rupunini savanna district of British Guiana, South America. Part 1: Ecological groupings of fish species and effects of the seazonal cycle on the fish. Jour. Limn. Soc, Zool., 45: 103-144.

[11] ______ . 1975. Fish communities in tropical freshwaters. London, Longman, 337p.

[12] ______ . 1987. Ecological studies in tropical fish communities. London, Cambridge University Press, 382p.

[13] Machado-Allison, A. & C. Garcia. 1986. Food habits and morphological changes during ontogeny in tree serrasalmin species of Venezuelan flood plain. Copeia 1: 93-96.

[14] Myers, J.S. 1972. The piranha book. Neptune, TFH Publ, 128p.

[15] Nico, L.G. & D.C. Taphorn. 1988. Food habits of piranhas in the low llanos of Venezuela. Biotropica 20: 311-321.

[16] Planvasf. 1986. Plano Diretor para o Desenvolvimento do Vale do São Francisco. Brasília, Planvasf, 80p.

[17] Pauly, D. 1994. Quantitative analysis of published data on the growth, metabolism, food consumption, and related features of the red-bellied piranha, Serrasalmus nattereri (Characidae). Environ. Biol. Fishes 41: 423-437.

[18] Prejs, A. & K. Prejs. 1987. Feeding of tropical freshwater fishes: seasonality in resource availability and resourse use. Oecologia 71: 397-404.

[19] Roberts, T.R. 1972. Ecology of fishes in the Amazon and Congo Basins. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143: 117-147.

[20] Sazima, I. & C. Zamprogno. 1985. Use of water hyacinths as shelter, foraging place, and transport by young piranhas, Serrasalmus spilopleura. Environ. Biol. Fishes 12: 237-240.

[21] Sazima, I. & F.A. Machado. 1990. Underwater observations of piranhas in western Brazil. Environ. Biol. Fishes 28: 17-31.

[22] Takeda, A.M; G.Y. Shimisu; J. Higuti. 1997. Variações espaço-temporais da comunidade zoobentônica, p.157-177. In: A.E.M. Vazzolerm; A.A. Agostinho & N.S. Hahn. A planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná: aspectos físicos, biológicos e socioeconômicos. Maringá, Eduem, 460p.

[23] Welcomme, R.L. 1985. River Fisheries. FAO Fish. Tech Pap. 262: 1-330.

[24] Winemiller, K.O. 1989. Ontogenetic diet shifts and resourse partioning among piscivorous fishes in the Venezuelan llanos. Environ. Biol. Fishes 26: 177-199.

Brasil

Brasil

Dieta da pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt (Teleostei, Characidae) em quatro lagoas marginais do rio São Francisco, Brasil

Diet of pirambeba Serrasalmus brandtii Reinhardt (Teleostei, Characidae) in four floodplain lakes in São Francisco river, Brazil

Resumo

Datas de Publicação

Histórico