Resumo
A survey of the Ilha Grande land snails was carried out in order to compare the diversity and similarity among two regions of secondary Atlantic Rain Forest. The diversity was estimated using the richness and the equitatibility; the alpha diversity was calculated using the Simpson index (γ). The Sörensen and Jaccard indexes were used to calculate the similarity. A quantitative survey of two 600 m² area, one in each studied region, recorded 336 individuals snails distributed in 23 species and 13 families. The region with more altered secondary forest showed higher richness (17) and diversity (γ = 3,6) than the region more preserved (richness = 14; γ = 2,78), but, the same equitatibility (0,20). The similarity was medium by Jaccard index (IJ = 0,52) and low by Sorensen index (IS = 0,15). These differences could be explained by the dominance of Subulinidae (four species and 117 specimens) in the more altered region and Systrophiidae in the more preserved (four species and 97 specimens).
Terrestrial gastropods; diversity; ecology; Rio de Janeiro; Brazil
Terrestrial gastropods; diversity; ecology; Rio de Janeiro; Brazil
Composição de gastrópodes terrestres em duas áreas do Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Desenvolvimento Sustentado (CEADS), Vila Dois Rios, Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil - um estudo-piloto
Composition of terrestrial gastropods in two areas of the Center to Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development (CEADS), Vila Dois Rios, Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - a preliminary study
Sonia Barbosa dos SantosI; Daniele Pedrosa MonteiroII
ILaboratório de Malacologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. E-mail: sbsantos@uerj.br
IIBolsista de Iniciação Científica SR-2/UERJ, 97-99. E-mail: danielepm@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
A survey of the Ilha Grande land snails was carried out in order to compare the diversity and similarity among two regions of secondary Atlantic Rain Forest. The diversity was estimated using the richness and the equitatibility; the alpha diversity was calculated using the Simpson index (γ). The Sörensen and Jaccard indexes were used to calculate the similarity. A quantitative survey of two 600 m2 area, one in each studied region, recorded 336 individuals snails distributed in 23 species and 13 families. The region with more altered secondary forest showed higher richness (17) and diversity (γ = 3,6) than the region more preserved (richness = 14; γ = 2,78), but, the same equitatibility (0,20). The similarity was medium by Jaccard index (IJ = 0,52) and low by Sorensen index (IS = 0,15). These differences could be explained by the dominance of Subulinidae (four species and 117 specimens) in the more altered region and Systrophiidae in the more preserved (four species and 97 specimens).
Key words: Terrestrial gastropods, diversity, ecology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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AGRADECIMENTOS. A SR-2/UERJ pela concessão da Bolsa de Iniciação Científica. A Coordenadoria dos Campi Regionais (CCR-UERJ) por viabilizar a realização da parte prática deste trabalho. A Dra Norma Campos Salgado do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro pela identificação de várias espécies, ao Dr. José Willibaldo Thomé pela determinação dos Veronicellidae e ao MSc Álvaro L. M. da Fonseca pela identificação dos Charopidae e Helicodiscidae. Aos Professores Alexandre Pedrini. Rosana Mazzoni e Elizabeth Rios pela leitura crítica e sugestões oferecidas a este trabalho e a Alexandre Santos de Alencar pelo auxílio nos trabalhos de campo.
REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Baker, H.B. 1925. The Mollusca Collected by The University Of Michigan-Williamson Expediton In Venezuela. Occas. pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 156:34-36.
Barbault, R. & S. Sastrapradja. 1995. Generation, Maintenance and Loss of Biodiversity, p. 197-258. In: V. H. Heywood & R. T. Watson (eds). Global Biodiversity Assesment. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1140p.
Bessa, E.C. de A. & J. L. Araújo de B. 1995. Ocorrência de autofecundação em Subulina octona (Bruguiére) (Pulmonata. Subulinidae) sob condições de laboratório. Revta bras. Zool. 12(3):719-724.
Bouchet, P. & O. Gargominy. 1998. Action plan formulation for molluscan conservation: getting the facts together for a global perspective. In: Molluscan Conservation: A Strategy for the 21st Century. Jour, conchol. (Special Publ.) 2:45-49.
Christensen, C.C. & P.V. Kirch. 1986. Non-marine mollusks and ecological change at Barbers Point, Oahu, Hawai. Bishop Mus. occass. pap. 26:52-80.
Coney, C.C; T.W.A. Tarpley; J.C Warden & J.W. Nagel. 1982. Ecological studies of land-snail in the Hiwasse River basin of Tenesse, U.S.A. Malacol. Rev. 15:69-106.
Cowie, R.H.; M.G. Nishida; Y. Basset, & S.M. Gon. 1995. Paterns of land snail distribution in a montane habitat on the Island of Hawai. Malacologia 36(1/2):155-169.
Dajöz, R. 1983. Ecologia geral. Petrópolis, Ed. Vozes, 472p.
Didham, R.K., P.M. Hammond; P.E. Lawton; P. Eggleton & N.E. Stork. 1998. Beetle species responses to tropical forest fragmentation. Ecol. monogr. (3):295-323.
Emberton, K.C. 1995. Land snail community morphologies of the highest-diversity sites of Madagascar, North America and New Zealand with recommended alternatives to height diameter plots. Malacologia 35(1/2):43-66.
______. 1996. Conservation priorities for forest-floor invertebrates of the southeastern half of Madagascar: evidence from two land-snail clades. Biodivers. Conserv. 5:729-741.
Emberton, K.C; T.A. Pearce & R. Randalana. 1996. Quantitatively sampling land-snail species richness in Madagascan rainforest. Malacologia 38(1/2):203-212.
Fonseca, G.A.B. 1989. Small mammals species diversity in Brazilian Tropical Primary and secondary forest of diferent size. Revta bras. Zool. 6(3):381-422.
Getz, L.L. 1974. Species diversity of terrestrial snails in the Great Smoky Mountain. Nautilus 88(1):6-9.
Getz, L.L. & G.W. Uetz. 1994. Species diversity of terrestrial snail in the southern Appalachian moutains, U.S.A. Malacol. Rev. 27:61-74.
Haas, F. 1953. Mollusks from Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fieldiana Zool. 34:203-209.
Klein, B.C. 1989. The effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle (Scarabeinae) communities in Central Amazonia. Ecology 70:1715-1725.
Lima, H. 1979. Notícias históricas e Geográficas de Angra dos Reis. Rio de Janeiro, Livraria São José, 3ª ed., 53p.
Maciel, N.C.; D.S. Araújo & A. Magnanini. 1984. Reserva Biológica Estadual da Praia do Sul (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Brasil). FBCN 19:126-148.
Magurran, A.E 1988-Ecologycal diversity and its measurement. Cambridge, Univ. Press, X+179p.
Marcus, E. & E. Marcus. 1968. Über einige Subulinidae (Pulmonata) von São Paulo. Beitr. Neotrop. Fauna 5:186-208.
Odum, E.P. 1983. Ecologia. Rio de Janeiro, Ed. Guanabara Koogan, 434p.
Shimek, B. 1930. Land snails as indicator of ecological conditions. Ecology 11(4):673-686.
Tattersfield, P. 1996. Local patterns of land-snail diversity in a Kenyan rainforest. Malacologia 38(1/2):161-180.
Valverde, T. & J. Silvertown. 1997. Canopy closure rate and forest structure. Ecology 78(5)1555-1562.
Wardhaugh, A.A. 1997. The terrestrial molluscan fauna of some woodlands in North East Yorkshire England: a framework for quality scoring and association with old woodland flora. Jour. Conchol. 36(1):19-30.
Webb, N.R. 1989. Studies on the invertebrate fauna of fragmented heartland in Dorset, UK, and the implications to conservation. Biol. Conserv. 47:153-165.
Willig, M.R.; E.A. Sandlin & M.R. Gannon. 1998. Structural and taxonomic correlates of habitat selection by a Puerto Rican land snails. Southwest. Nat. 43(1):70-79.
Recebido em 18.V.2000; aceito em 26.VI.2001.
- Baker, H.B. 1925. The Mollusca Collected by The University Of Michigan-Williamson Expediton In Venezuela. Occas. pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 156:34-36.
- Barbault, R. & S. Sastrapradja. 1995. Generation, Maintenance and Loss of Biodiversity, p. 197-258. In: V. H. Heywood & R. T. Watson (eds). Global Biodiversity Assesment. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1140p.
- Bessa, E.C. de A. & J. L. Araújo de B. 1995. Ocorrência de autofecundação em Subulina octona (Bruguiére) (Pulmonata. Subulinidae) sob condições de laboratório. Revta bras. Zool. 12(3):719-724.
- Bouchet, P. & O. Gargominy. 1998. Action plan formulation for molluscan conservation: getting the facts together for a global perspective. In: Molluscan Conservation: A Strategy for the 21st Century.
- Jour, conchol. (Special Publ.) 2:45-49.
- Christensen, C.C. & P.V. Kirch. 1986. Non-marine mollusks and ecological change at Barbers Point, Oahu, Hawai. Bishop Mus. occass. pap. 26:52-80.
- Coney, C.C; T.W.A. Tarpley; J.C Warden & J.W. Nagel. 1982. Ecological studies of land-snail in the Hiwasse River basin of Tenesse, U.S.A. Malacol. Rev. 15:69-106.
- Cowie, R.H.; M.G. Nishida; Y. Basset, & S.M. Gon. 1995. Paterns of land snail distribution in a montane habitat on the Island of Hawai. Malacologia 36(1/2):155-169.
- Dajöz, R. 1983. Ecologia geral. Petrópolis, Ed. Vozes, 472p.
- Didham, R.K., P.M. Hammond; P.E. Lawton; P. Eggleton & N.E. Stork. 1998. Beetle species responses to tropical forest fragmentation. Ecol. monogr. (3):295-323.
- Emberton, K.C. 1995. Land snail community morphologies of the highest-diversity sites of Madagascar, North America and New Zealand with recommended alternatives to height diameter plots. Malacologia 35(1/2):43-66.
- ______. 1996. Conservation priorities for forest-floor invertebrates of the southeastern half of Madagascar: evidence from two land-snail clades. Biodivers. Conserv. 5:729-741.
- Emberton, K.C; T.A. Pearce & R. Randalana. 1996. Quantitatively sampling land-snail species richness in Madagascan rainforest. Malacologia 38(1/2):203-212.
- Fonseca, G.A.B. 1989. Small mammals species diversity in Brazilian Tropical Primary and secondary forest of diferent size. Revta bras. Zool. 6(3):381-422.
- Getz, L.L. 1974. Species diversity of terrestrial snails in the Great Smoky Mountain. Nautilus 88(1):6-9.
- Getz, L.L. & G.W. Uetz. 1994. Species diversity of terrestrial snail in the southern Appalachian moutains, U.S.A. Malacol. Rev. 27:61-74.
- Haas, F. 1953. Mollusks from Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fieldiana Zool. 34:203-209.
- Klein, B.C. 1989. The effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle (Scarabeinae) communities in Central Amazonia. Ecology 70:1715-1725.
- Lima, H. 1979. Notícias históricas e Geográficas de Angra dos Reis. Rio de Janeiro, Livraria São José, 3ª ed., 53p.
- Maciel, N.C.; D.S. Araújo & A. Magnanini. 1984. Reserva Biológica Estadual da Praia do Sul (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Brasil). FBCN 19:126-148.
- Magurran, A.E 1988-Ecologycal diversity and its measurement. Cambridge, Univ. Press, X+179p.
- Marcus, E. & E. Marcus. 1968. Über einige Subulinidae (Pulmonata) von São Paulo. Beitr. Neotrop. Fauna 5:186-208.
- Odum, E.P. 1983. Ecologia. Rio de Janeiro, Ed. Guanabara Koogan, 434p.
- Shimek, B. 1930. Land snails as indicator of ecological conditions. Ecology 11(4):673-686.
- Tattersfield, P. 1996. Local patterns of land-snail diversity in a Kenyan rainforest. Malacologia 38(1/2):161-180.
- Valverde, T. & J. Silvertown. 1997. Canopy closure rate and forest structure. Ecology 78(5)1555-1562.
- Wardhaugh, A.A. 1997. The terrestrial molluscan fauna of some woodlands in North East Yorkshire England: a framework for quality scoring and association with old woodland flora. Jour. Conchol. 36(1):19-30.
- Webb, N.R. 1989. Studies on the invertebrate fauna of fragmented heartland in Dorset, UK, and the implications to conservation. Biol. Conserv. 47:153-165.
- Willig, M.R.; E.A. Sandlin & M.R. Gannon. 1998. Structural and taxonomic correlates of habitat selection by a Puerto Rican land snails. Southwest. Nat. 43(1):70-79.
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
30 Abr 2009 -
Data do Fascículo
Jul 2001
Histórico
-
Recebido
18 Maio 2000 -
Aceito
26 Jun 2001
