Atividades de coleta e origem floral do pólen armazenado em colônias de Plebeia saiqui (Holmberg) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) no sul do Brasil

Pick, Raquel A.; Blochtein, Betina

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752002000100025

Resumo

Four colonies of Plebeia saiqui (Holmberg, 1903), of São Francisco de Paula, were studied during the period from October/1998 to October/1999. The counting of the bees was proceeded monthly, differentiated workers that came back with and without pollen in the corbicula. Grains of pollen of pots previously marked were collected monthly and identified. The percentage of the pollen types of the samples was estimated: 20% of Asteraceae, 17% Myrtaceae, 15% type Meliaceae and 10% Euphorbiaceae. The remaining corresponds to other pollen types of small representation, besides those the were no identified. The climatic influence on the pollen collection was analyzed being used simple and multiple regressions. It was verified that in the spring and in the summer the temperature, the solar irradiation and relative humidity were significant for the pollen foraging. During autumn and winter the relative humidity had smaller influence in the pollen collection.

Plebeia; stingless bees; pollen analysis; foraging; climatic influence

Atividades de coleta e origem floral do pólen armazenado em colônias de Plebeia saiqui (Holmberg) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) no sul do Brasil

Collection activities and floral origin of the stored pollcn in colonies of Plebeia saiqui (Holmberg) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) in south Brazil

Raquel A. Pick^I,II; Betina Blochtein^I

^IFaculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

^IIBolsista da CAPES

ABSTRACT

Four colonies of Plebeia saiqui (Holmberg, 1903), of São Francisco de Paula, were studied during the period from October/1998 to October/1999. The counting of the bees was proceeded monthly, differentiated workers that came back with and without pollen in the corbicula. Grains of pollen of pots previously marked were collected monthly and identified. The percentage of the pollen types of the samples was estimated: 20% of Asteraceae, 17% Myrtaceae, 15% type Meliaceae and 10% Euphorbiaceae. The remaining corresponds to other pollen types of small representation, besides those the were no identified. The climatic influence on the pollen collection was analyzed being used simple and multiple regressions. It was verified that in the spring and in the summer the temperature, the solar irradiation and relative humidity were significant for the pollen foraging. During autumn and winter the relative humidity had smaller influence in the pollen collection.

Key words: Plebeia, stingless bees, pollen analysis, foraging, climatic influence

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

AGRADECIMENTOS. À Dra. Vera Imperatriz-Fonseca (USP) e Dra. Márcia Ribeiro (USP) pelo auxílio na metodologia. Ao MSc. Sérgio Hilário (USP) pelas sugestões e bibliografias cedidas. Ao Dr. Luiz Glock (PUCRS) e MSc. Walter Castro (PUCRS), pela orientação das análises estatísticas. Ao Dr. Paulo Neves (ULBRA) e à MSc. Suzane Hilgert Moreira (UNISINOS) pelo auxílio na identificação dos grãos de pólen. À Dra. Birgit Harter pela consulta à Palinoteca de Referência do LPB (PUCRS). A CAPES pela concessão da bolsa.

Recebido em 13.VII.2001; aceito em 06.III.2002.

ABSY, M.L. & W.E. KERR. 1977. Algumas plantas visitadas para obtenção de pólen por operárias de Melipona seminigra merrillae em Manaus. Acta Amazônica 7 (3): 309-315.
BERTOLETTI, J.J. & M.B TEIXEIRA. 1995. Centro de Pesquisas e Conservação da Natureza Pró-Mata. Termo de Referência. Divul. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol. UBEA/PUCRS, Porto Alegre, 2: 1-47.
BIESMEIJER, J.C.; B. VAN MARWIJK; K. VAN DEURSEN; W. PUNT & M.J. SOMMEIJER. 1992. Pollen sources for Apis mellifera L (Hym, Apidae) in Surinam, based on pollen grain volume estimates. Apidologie 23: 245-256.
FAEGRI. K. & J. IVERSEN. 1989. Textbook of pollen analysis. London, Alden Press, 4^th ed., 328p.
FEWELL, J.H. & M.L. WINSTON. 1992. Colony state and regulation of pollen foraging in the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30: 387-393.
FREE, J.B. 1993. Insect pollination of crops. London, Academic Press, 684p.
FREE, J.B. & I.H. WILLIAMS. 1977. The pollination of crops by bees. Bucharest, Apimondia Publ. House, p. 3-14.
GRONQUIST, A. 1981. An integrated system of classifícation of flowering plants. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 126p.
HERREIRA, L.F. & E. URREGO. 1996. Atlas de polen de plantas útiles y cultivadas de la Amazônia Colombiana. The Quartenary of Colômbia 23. Botogá, Tropenbos Colômbia, 464p.
HOOGHIEMSTRA, H. 1984. Vegctation and climatic history of the High Plain of Bogotá, Colômbia: a continuous record of the last 3,5 million years. Vaduz, Straless & Cramer, 368p.
IBGE. 1986. Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, Vol. 33, 796p.
IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI; M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO & M. RAMALHO. 1984. Hábitos de coleta de Tetragonisca angustula angustula Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae. Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. São Paulo 8: 115-131.
IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & J.T. PIRES. 1985. Climate variation influence on the flight activity of Plebéia remota Homberg (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Revta bras. Ent. 29 (3/4): 427-434.
IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & M. RAMALHO. 1989. Pollen harvest by eusocial bees in a non-natural community in Brazil. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 5: 239-242.
IWAMA, S. 1977. A influência de fatores climáticos na atividade externa de Tetragonisca angustula (Apidae, Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. São Paulo 2: 189-201.
IWAMA, S. & T. MELHEM. 1979. The pollen spectrum of the honey of Tetragonisca angustula Latreille (Apidae, Meliponinae). Apidologie 10 (3): 275-295.
KERR, W.E. 1996. Biologia e manejo da tiúba: A abelha do Maranhão. São Luís, EDUFMA, 156p.
KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI, A. 1982. The influence of climatic factors on flight activity of Plebéia emerina Friese (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) in winter. Revta bras. Ent. 26 (1): 1-13.
KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI, A.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA & M. RAMALHO. 1987. Explotation of floral resources by Plebéia saiqui Friese (Apidae, Meliponinae), p. 156-157. In: J. EDER & H. REMBOLD (Eds). Chemistry and Biology of Social Insects. Munique, Verlag J. Pepemy, 757p.
MICHENER, CD. 1974. The social behavior of the bees: a comparative study. Cambridge, Harvard Univ. Press, 404p.
NECHOLS, J.R; M.J. TAUBER; CA. TAUBER; S. MASAKI. 1999. Adaptations to hazardous seasonal conditions: dormancy, migration and polyphenism, p. 159-200. In: C.B. HUFFAKER & A.P. GUTIERREZ (Eds). Ecological entomology. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2^nd ed., 756p.
OLIVEIRA, M.A.C. 1973. Um método para a avaliação das atividades de vôo em Plebéia saiqui (Friese) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. Biol. Mar., n.s., São Paulo, 30: 625-631.
PIRANI, J.R. & M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO. 1994. Flores e abelhas de São Paulo. São Paulo, Ed. Univ. São Paulo, 2ª ed., 192p.
RAMALHO, M. 1990. Foraging bystingless bees of the genus, Scaptotrigona (Apidae, Meliponinae). Jour. Apic. Res. 29 (2): 61-67.
RAMALHO, M.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO. 1985. Exploration of resources by Plebéia remota (Holmberg) (Apidae, Meliponinae). Apidologie 16 (3): 307-330.
RAMALHO, M.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA. 1990. Importam bee plants for stingless bees (Melipona and Trigonini) and Africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera) in neotropical habitats: a review. Apidologie 21: 469-488.
RAMALHO, M.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA & A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI. 1991. Ecologia nutricional de abelhas sociais, p. 225-252. In: A.R. PANIZZI & J.R.P. PARRA (Eds). Ecologia nutricional de insetos e suas implicações no manejo de pragas. São Paulo, CNPQ, 359p.
RANTA, E. & H. LUNDBERG. 1981. Food niche analyses of bumblebees: a comparison of three data collecting methods. Oikos 36: 12-16.
ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. New York, Cambridge Univ. Press, 514p.
ROUBIK, D.W. & J.E. MORENO. 1991. Pollen and spores of Barro Colorado Island. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Botânical Garden 36: 1-269.
SALGADO-LABOURIAU, M.L. 1973. Contribuição à palinologia dos cerrados. Rio de Janeiro, Acad. Bras. Ciências, 291 p.
SILVEIRA, F.A. 1991. Influence of pollen grain volume on the estimation of the relative importance of its source to bees. Apidologie 22: 495-502.
SINGER, R.B. & A.A. Cocucci. 1999. Pollination mechanisms in four sympatric southern Brazilian epidendroideae orchids. Lindleyana 14 (1): 47-56.
TEIXEIRA, M.B. & A.B. COURA-NETO. 1986. Vegetação - As Regiões Fitoecológicas, sua Natureza e seus Recursos Econômicos. Estudo Fitogeográfico, p. 541-632. In: Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. 33. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 796p.
TODD, FE. & O. BRETHERICK. 1942. The composition of pollens. Jour. Econ. Entomol. 35 (3): 312-316.
VERGERON, P. 1964. Interprétation statisque des résultats en matière d'analyse pollinique des miels. Ann. Abeille 7 (4): 349-364.
WILMS, W; L. LUTZ; A. ZILLIKENS; B. BLOCHTEIN & W. ENGELS. 1997. Bees and other recorded on flowering trees in a subtropical Araucária Florest in southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 32: 220-226.
WITTMANN, D. & M. HOFFMANN. 1990. Bees of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Iheringia (70): 17-43.
WODEHOUSE, R.P. 1935. Pollen grains. Their structure, identification, and significance in science and medicine. New York, MacGraw-Hill Inc., 574p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
19 Maio 2009
Data do Fascículo
Mar 2002

Histórico

Recebido
13 Jul 2001
Aceito
06 Mar 2002

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ABSY, M.L. & W.E. KERR. 1977. Algumas plantas visitadas para obtenção de pólen por operárias de Melipona seminigra merrillae em Manaus. Acta Amazônica 7 (3): 309-315.

[2] BERTOLETTI, J.J. & M.B TEIXEIRA. 1995. Centro de Pesquisas e Conservação da Natureza Pró-Mata. Termo de Referência. Divul. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol. UBEA/PUCRS, Porto Alegre, 2: 1-47.

[3] BIESMEIJER, J.C.; B. VAN MARWIJK; K. VAN DEURSEN; W. PUNT & M.J. SOMMEIJER. 1992. Pollen sources for Apis mellifera L (Hym, Apidae) in Surinam, based on pollen grain volume estimates. Apidologie 23: 245-256.

[4] FAEGRI. K. & J. IVERSEN. 1989. Textbook of pollen analysis. London, Alden Press, 4^th ed., 328p.

[5] FEWELL, J.H. & M.L. WINSTON. 1992. Colony state and regulation of pollen foraging in the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30: 387-393.

[6] FREE, J.B. 1993. Insect pollination of crops. London, Academic Press, 684p.

[7] FREE, J.B. & I.H. WILLIAMS. 1977. The pollination of crops by bees. Bucharest, Apimondia Publ. House, p. 3-14.

[8] GRONQUIST, A. 1981. An integrated system of classifícation of flowering plants. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 126p.

[9] HERREIRA, L.F. & E. URREGO. 1996. Atlas de polen de plantas útiles y cultivadas de la Amazônia Colombiana. The Quartenary of Colômbia 23. Botogá, Tropenbos Colômbia, 464p.

[10] HOOGHIEMSTRA, H. 1984. Vegctation and climatic history of the High Plain of Bogotá, Colômbia: a continuous record of the last 3,5 million years. Vaduz, Straless & Cramer, 368p.

[11] IBGE. 1986. Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, Vol. 33, 796p.

[12] IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI; M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO & M. RAMALHO. 1984. Hábitos de coleta de Tetragonisca angustula angustula Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae. Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. São Paulo 8: 115-131.

[13] IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & J.T. PIRES. 1985. Climate variation influence on the flight activity of Plebéia remota Homberg (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Revta bras. Ent. 29 (3/4): 427-434.

[14] IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, V.L.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & M. RAMALHO. 1989. Pollen harvest by eusocial bees in a non-natural community in Brazil. Jour. Trop. Ecol. 5: 239-242.

[15] IWAMA, S. 1977. A influência de fatores climáticos na atividade externa de Tetragonisca angustula (Apidae, Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. São Paulo 2: 189-201.

[16] IWAMA, S. & T. MELHEM. 1979. The pollen spectrum of the honey of Tetragonisca angustula Latreille (Apidae, Meliponinae). Apidologie 10 (3): 275-295.

[17] KERR, W.E. 1996. Biologia e manejo da tiúba: A abelha do Maranhão. São Luís, EDUFMA, 156p.

[18] KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI, A. 1982. The influence of climatic factors on flight activity of Plebéia emerina Friese (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae) in winter. Revta bras. Ent. 26 (1): 1-13.

[19] KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI, A.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA & M. RAMALHO. 1987. Explotation of floral resources by Plebéia saiqui Friese (Apidae, Meliponinae), p. 156-157. In: J. EDER & H. REMBOLD (Eds). Chemistry and Biology of Social Insects. Munique, Verlag J. Pepemy, 757p.

[20] MICHENER, CD. 1974. The social behavior of the bees: a comparative study. Cambridge, Harvard Univ. Press, 404p.

[21] NECHOLS, J.R; M.J. TAUBER; CA. TAUBER; S. MASAKI. 1999. Adaptations to hazardous seasonal conditions: dormancy, migration and polyphenism, p. 159-200. In: C.B. HUFFAKER & A.P. GUTIERREZ (Eds). Ecological entomology. New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2^nd ed., 756p.

[22] OLIVEIRA, M.A.C. 1973. Um método para a avaliação das atividades de vôo em Plebéia saiqui (Friese) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae). Bol. Zool. Biol. Mar., n.s., São Paulo, 30: 625-631.

[23] PIRANI, J.R. & M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO. 1994. Flores e abelhas de São Paulo. São Paulo, Ed. Univ. São Paulo, 2ª ed., 192p.

[24] RAMALHO, M. 1990. Foraging bystingless bees of the genus, Scaptotrigona (Apidae, Meliponinae). Jour. Apic. Res. 29 (2): 61-67.

[25] RAMALHO, M.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & M. CORTOPASSI-LAURINO. 1985. Exploration of resources by Plebéia remota (Holmberg) (Apidae, Meliponinae). Apidologie 16 (3): 307-330.

[26] RAMALHO, M.; A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI & V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA. 1990. Importam bee plants for stingless bees (Melipona and Trigonini) and Africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera) in neotropical habitats: a review. Apidologie 21: 469-488.

[27] RAMALHO, M.; V.L. IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA & A. KLEINERT-GIOVANNINI. 1991. Ecologia nutricional de abelhas sociais, p. 225-252. In: A.R. PANIZZI & J.R.P. PARRA (Eds). Ecologia nutricional de insetos e suas implicações no manejo de pragas. São Paulo, CNPQ, 359p.

[28] RANTA, E. & H. LUNDBERG. 1981. Food niche analyses of bumblebees: a comparison of three data collecting methods. Oikos 36: 12-16.

[29] ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. New York, Cambridge Univ. Press, 514p.

[30] ROUBIK, D.W. & J.E. MORENO. 1991. Pollen and spores of Barro Colorado Island. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Botânical Garden 36: 1-269.

[31] SALGADO-LABOURIAU, M.L. 1973. Contribuição à palinologia dos cerrados. Rio de Janeiro, Acad. Bras. Ciências, 291 p.

[32] SILVEIRA, F.A. 1991. Influence of pollen grain volume on the estimation of the relative importance of its source to bees. Apidologie 22: 495-502.

[33] SINGER, R.B. & A.A. Cocucci. 1999. Pollination mechanisms in four sympatric southern Brazilian epidendroideae orchids. Lindleyana 14 (1): 47-56.

[34] TEIXEIRA, M.B. & A.B. COURA-NETO. 1986. Vegetação - As Regiões Fitoecológicas, sua Natureza e seus Recursos Econômicos. Estudo Fitogeográfico, p. 541-632. In: Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. 33. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 796p.

[35] TODD, FE. & O. BRETHERICK. 1942. The composition of pollens. Jour. Econ. Entomol. 35 (3): 312-316.

[36] VERGERON, P. 1964. Interprétation statisque des résultats en matière d'analyse pollinique des miels. Ann. Abeille 7 (4): 349-364.

[37] WILMS, W; L. LUTZ; A. ZILLIKENS; B. BLOCHTEIN & W. ENGELS. 1997. Bees and other recorded on flowering trees in a subtropical Araucária Florest in southern Brazil. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 32: 220-226.

[38] WITTMANN, D. & M. HOFFMANN. 1990. Bees of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea). Iheringia (70): 17-43.

[39] WODEHOUSE, R.P. 1935. Pollen grains. Their structure, identification, and significance in science and medicine. New York, MacGraw-Hill Inc., 574p.