Notes on the lesser white-lined bat, Saccopteryx leptura (Schreber) (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae), from southeastern Brazil

Nogueira, Marcelo R.; Peracchi, Adriano L.; Pol, André

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752002000400017

Abstract

Saccopteryx leptura (Schreber, 1774) is reported from two new localities in southeastern Brazil, both in Atlantic forest remains in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Analysisof food material showed that individuals from both localities had preyedon insects in the order Hymenoptera. Cheek contents were available from one specimen, and in this case identification of the food item (flying ants) achieved generic level (Pheidole Westwood, 1841). Aspects in the social behavior observed in a colony suggest that the same traits documented in Central American populations (small colonies, monogamic mating system, and retention of young for up to a year in the parental unit) may also characterize this species in the southern most part of its range. In both external and craniodental selected measurements, specimens from Rio de Janeiro were close to the upper limits of the ranges known for the species.

Chiroptera; Emballonuridae; Saccopteryx leptura; morphometrics; feeding habits; social behavior; Rio de Janeiro; Southeastern Brazil

Notes on the lesser white-lined bat, Saccopteryx leptura (Schreber) (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae), from southeastern Brazil

Marcelo R. Nogueira^I; Adriano L. Peracchi^II; André Pol^I

^IPrograma de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. 23890-000 Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. E-mail: mrnogueira@rionet.com.br; andrepol@infolink.com.br

^IIDepartamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. 23890-000 Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. E-mail: aperacchi@webdigital.com.br

ABSTRACT

Saccopteryx leptura (Schreber, 1774) is reported from two new localities in southeastern Brazil, both in Atlantic forest remains in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Analysisof food material showed that individuals from both localities had preyedon insects in the order Hymenoptera. Cheek contents were available from one specimen, and in this case identification of the food item (flying ants) achieved generic level (Pheidole Westwood, 1841). Aspects in the social behavior observed in a colony suggest that the same traits documented in Central American populations (small colonies, monogamic mating system, and retention of young for up to a year in the parental unit) may also characterize this species in the southern most part of its range. In both external and craniodental selected measurements, specimens from Rio de Janeiro were close to the upper limits of the ranges known for the species.

Key words: Chiroptera, Emballonuridae, Saccopteryx leptura, morphometrics, feeding habits, social behavior, Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

Full text available only in PDF format.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We are thankful to L.P. Gonzagaand J. Berninzoni for the donation of the specimens of

S. leptura

, AJ. Mayhé-Nunesfor the identification of the flying ants, and V.A. Taddei for the helpful comments on the manuscript. J. Berninzoni also reviewed our English. Financial support was provided by CNPq, through the grants 146829/991-9 (M.R. Nogueira) and 300265/80-8 (AL Peracchi), and by CAPES (A. Pol).

Received in 11.I.2002; accepted in 12.X.2002.

ANDERSON, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Híst., New York, 231: 1-652.
BORROR, D.J. & D.M. DELONG. 1969. Introdução ao estudo dos insetos. USAID, Rio de Janeiro, 653p.
BRADBURY, J.W. & S.L. VEHRENCAMP.1976. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. I. Field studies. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 1: 337-381.
______. 1977a. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. III. Mating Systems. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 2: 1-17.
______. 1977b. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. IV. Parental Investiment Patterns. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 2: 19-29.
BRUES, C.T.; A.L. MELANDER & F.M. CARPENTER.1954. Classification of insects. Keys to the living and extinct families of insects, and to the living families ofthe terrestrial arthropods. Buli. Mus. Comp. Zooll. Harv., Cambridge, 108: 1-917.
EISENBERG, J.F. & K.H. REDFORD.1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. Vol. 3. The Central Neotropics: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil. Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, X+609p.
ESBÉRARD, C.E.L. 1998. Validade dos parâmetros da IUCN em amostra regional - há espécies de morcegos ameaçadas no município do Rio de Janeiro? Boletim FBCN, Rio de Janeiro, 25: 71-86.
GOODWIN, G.G. & A.M. GREENHALL. 1961. A review ofthe bats of Trinidad and Tobago. Buli. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, 122: 187-302.
HANDLEY JR., C.O. 1988. Specimen preparation, p. 437-457. In: T.H. KUNZ (Ed.). Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 544p.
HUSSON, A.M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Zool. Verhand., Leiden, 58: 1-282.
JONES JR., J.K. & C.S. HOOD. 1993. Synopsis of South American bats ofthe family Emballonuridae. Occ. Pap. Mus, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, 155: 1-31.
KOOPMAN, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera, p. 137-241. In: D.E. WILSON & D.M. REEDER (Eds) Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 2^nd ed., 1206p.
KUNZ, T.H. & A. KURTA. 1988. Capture methods and holding devices, p. 1-29. In: T.H. KUNZ (Ed.). Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 544p.
KUNZ, T.H.; J.O. WHITAKER JR. & M.D. WADANOLI.1995. Dietary energetics of the insectivorous Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) during pregnancy and lactation. Oecologia, Berlin, 101: 407-415.
LIM, B.K. & M.D. ENGSTROM. 2001. Species diversity of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Iwokrama Forest, Guyana, and the Guianan subregion: implications for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, London, 10: 613-657.
LIM, B.K.; M.D. ENGSTROM; R.M. TIMM; R.P. ANDERSON & L.C. WATSON.1999. First records of 10 bat species in Guyana and comments on diversity of bats in Iwokrama Forest. Acta Chiropterologica, Warszawa,1 (2): 179-190.
LIMA, J.L. 1926. Os morcegos da collecção do Museu Paulista. Rev. Mus. Paul., São Paulo, 14: 42-127.
LOUREIRO, M.C. & M.V.B. QUEIROZ. 1990. Insetos de Viçosa: 1. Formicidae. Viçosa, Univ. Fed.Viçosa, Imprensa Univ., 106p.
MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. & I. SAZIMA. 1998. Brazilian bats and conservation biology: a first survey, p. 282-294. In: T.H. Kunz & P.A. Racey (Eds). Bat biology and conservation. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV +365p.
MCCRACKEN, G.F. & G.S. WILKINSON.2000. Bat mating systems, p. 321-362. In: E. G. CRICHTON & P.H. KRUTZSCH (Eds). Reproductive biology of bats. London, Academic Press, XI+510p.
OCHOAG., J.; M.J. O'FARRELL & B.W. MILLER.2000. Contribution of acoustic methods to the study of insectivorous bat diversity in protected areas from northern Venezuela. Acta Chiropterologica, Warszawa, 2 (2): 171-183.
PACHECO, J.F. & C. BAUER.2001. A lista de aves do Espírito Santo de Augusto Ruschi (1953): uma análise crítica. In: J.L.B. ALBUQUERQUE & F.C. STRAUBE (Eds). Ornitologia e conservação: da ciência às estratégias. Tubarão, Editora Unisul, 344p.
PATTERSON. B.D. 1992. Mammals in the Royal Natural History Museum, Stockholm, collected in Brazil and Bolivia by A. M. Olalla during 1934-1938. Fieldiana Zool., N.S., Chicago, 66: 1-42.
PERACCHI, A.L. & S.T. ALBUQUERQUE.1986. Quirópteros do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Anais do VII Cong. Bras. Zool. Publ. Avul. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 66: 63-69.
PERACCHI, A.L. & ST ALBUQUERQUE. 1993. Quirópteros do município de Linhares, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Rev. Brasil. Biol., Rio de Janeiro, 53: 575-581.
PINE, R.H. 1969. Stomach contents of a free-tailed bat, Molossus ater. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 50 (I): 162.
REIS, N.R. & AL PERACCHI.1987. Quirópteros da região de manaus, Amazonas, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Zool., Belém, 3: 161-182
REDFORD, K.H. & J.G. DOREA.1984. The nutritional value of invertebrates with emphasis on ants and termites as food for mammals. Jour. Zool., London, 203: 385-395.
RUSCHI, A. 1952. Morcegos do Estado do Espírito Santo - IXa. Família Emballonuridae. Chave analítica para os gêneros, espécies e sub-espécies representadas no E. E. Santo. Descrição das espécies: Saccoptery x leptura e Centronycteris maximiliani maximiliani Bol. Mus. Biol. Pro f. Mello Leitão, Santa Tereza, 10: 1-19.
SANBORN, C.C. 1937. American bats of the subfamily Emballonurinae. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., Chicago, 24: 321-354.
SETZER, J. 1954. Isolinhas de umidade do clima no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e no Distrito Federal. Rev. Brasil. Geog., Rio de Janeiro, 16 (3): 315-327.
SIMMONS, N .B. & C.O. HANDLEY JR. 1998. A revision of Centronycteris Gray (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) with notes on natural history. Amer. Mus. Nov., New York, 3239: 1-28.
SIMMONS, N.B. & R.S. Vosso 1998. The Mammals of Paracou, French Guiana: a Neotropicallowland rainforest fauna. Part l. Bats. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, 237: 1-219
SOUTO-MAIOR, A.S. 1954. Tipos climáticos do Distrito Federal. Rev. Brasil. Geog., Rio de Janeiro, 16 (2): 267-275.
VIEIRA, C.C.1942. Ensaio monográfico sobre os quirópteros do Brasil. Arq. Zool., São Paulo 3 (8): 219-471.
WHITAKER JR., J.O. & J.S. FINDLEY. 1980. Foods eaten by some bats from Costa Rica and Panama. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 61 (3): 540-544.
WHITAKER JR., J.O.; S.S. ISSAC; G. MARIMUTHU & T.H. KUNZ. 1999. Seasonal variation in the diet of the Indian pygmy bat, Pipistrellus mimus, in southern India. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 80 (I): 60-70.
YANCEY, F.D.; J.R. GOETZE & C. JONES. 1998a. Saccopteryx leptura. Mamm. Species, New York, 582: 1-3.
______. 1998b. Saccopteryx bilineata. Mamm. Species, New York, 581: 1-5.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
11 May 2009
Date of issue
Dec 2002

History

Received
11 Jan 2002
Accepted
12 Oct 2002

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ANDERSON, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Híst., New York, 231: 1-652.

[2] BORROR, D.J. & D.M. DELONG. 1969. Introdução ao estudo dos insetos. USAID, Rio de Janeiro, 653p.

[3] BRADBURY, J.W. & S.L. VEHRENCAMP.1976. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. I. Field studies. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 1: 337-381.

[4] ______. 1977a. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. III. Mating Systems. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 2: 1-17.

[5] ______. 1977b. Social organization and foraging in emballonurid bats. IV. Parental Investiment Patterns. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., New York, 2: 19-29.

[6] BRUES, C.T.; A.L. MELANDER & F.M. CARPENTER.1954. Classification of insects. Keys to the living and extinct families of insects, and to the living families ofthe terrestrial arthropods. Buli. Mus. Comp. Zooll. Harv., Cambridge, 108: 1-917.

[7] EISENBERG, J.F. & K.H. REDFORD.1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. Vol. 3. The Central Neotropics: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil. Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, X+609p.

[8] ESBÉRARD, C.E.L. 1998. Validade dos parâmetros da IUCN em amostra regional - há espécies de morcegos ameaçadas no município do Rio de Janeiro? Boletim FBCN, Rio de Janeiro, 25: 71-86.

[9] GOODWIN, G.G. & A.M. GREENHALL. 1961. A review ofthe bats of Trinidad and Tobago. Buli. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, 122: 187-302.

[10] HANDLEY JR., C.O. 1988. Specimen preparation, p. 437-457. In: T.H. KUNZ (Ed.). Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 544p.

[11] HUSSON, A.M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Zool. Verhand., Leiden, 58: 1-282.

[12] JONES JR., J.K. & C.S. HOOD. 1993. Synopsis of South American bats ofthe family Emballonuridae. Occ. Pap. Mus, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, 155: 1-31.

[13] KOOPMAN, K.F. 1993. Order Chiroptera, p. 137-241. In: D.E. WILSON & D.M. REEDER (Eds) Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 2^nd ed., 1206p.

[14] KUNZ, T.H. & A. KURTA. 1988. Capture methods and holding devices, p. 1-29. In: T.H. KUNZ (Ed.). Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, 544p.

[15] KUNZ, T.H.; J.O. WHITAKER JR. & M.D. WADANOLI.1995. Dietary energetics of the insectivorous Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) during pregnancy and lactation. Oecologia, Berlin, 101: 407-415.

[16] LIM, B.K. & M.D. ENGSTROM. 2001. Species diversity of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Iwokrama Forest, Guyana, and the Guianan subregion: implications for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation, London, 10: 613-657.

[17] LIM, B.K.; M.D. ENGSTROM; R.M. TIMM; R.P. ANDERSON & L.C. WATSON.1999. First records of 10 bat species in Guyana and comments on diversity of bats in Iwokrama Forest. Acta Chiropterologica, Warszawa,1 (2): 179-190.

[18] LIMA, J.L. 1926. Os morcegos da collecção do Museu Paulista. Rev. Mus. Paul., São Paulo, 14: 42-127.

[19] LOUREIRO, M.C. & M.V.B. QUEIROZ. 1990. Insetos de Viçosa: 1. Formicidae. Viçosa, Univ. Fed.Viçosa, Imprensa Univ., 106p.

[20] MARINHO-FILHO, J.S. & I. SAZIMA. 1998. Brazilian bats and conservation biology: a first survey, p. 282-294. In: T.H. Kunz & P.A. Racey (Eds). Bat biology and conservation. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution Press, XIV +365p.

[21] MCCRACKEN, G.F. & G.S. WILKINSON.2000. Bat mating systems, p. 321-362. In: E. G. CRICHTON & P.H. KRUTZSCH (Eds). Reproductive biology of bats. London, Academic Press, XI+510p.

[22] OCHOAG., J.; M.J. O'FARRELL & B.W. MILLER.2000. Contribution of acoustic methods to the study of insectivorous bat diversity in protected areas from northern Venezuela. Acta Chiropterologica, Warszawa, 2 (2): 171-183.

[23] PACHECO, J.F. & C. BAUER.2001. A lista de aves do Espírito Santo de Augusto Ruschi (1953): uma análise crítica. In: J.L.B. ALBUQUERQUE & F.C. STRAUBE (Eds). Ornitologia e conservação: da ciência às estratégias. Tubarão, Editora Unisul, 344p.

[24] PATTERSON. B.D. 1992. Mammals in the Royal Natural History Museum, Stockholm, collected in Brazil and Bolivia by A. M. Olalla during 1934-1938. Fieldiana Zool., N.S., Chicago, 66: 1-42.

[25] PERACCHI, A.L. & S.T. ALBUQUERQUE.1986. Quirópteros do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Anais do VII Cong. Bras. Zool. Publ. Avul. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 66: 63-69.

[26] PERACCHI, A.L. & ST ALBUQUERQUE. 1993. Quirópteros do município de Linhares, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Rev. Brasil. Biol., Rio de Janeiro, 53: 575-581.

[27] PINE, R.H. 1969. Stomach contents of a free-tailed bat, Molossus ater. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 50 (I): 162.

[28] REIS, N.R. & AL PERACCHI.1987. Quirópteros da região de manaus, Amazonas, Brasil (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Zool., Belém, 3: 161-182

[29] REDFORD, K.H. & J.G. DOREA.1984. The nutritional value of invertebrates with emphasis on ants and termites as food for mammals. Jour. Zool., London, 203: 385-395.

[30] RUSCHI, A. 1952. Morcegos do Estado do Espírito Santo - IXa. Família Emballonuridae. Chave analítica para os gêneros, espécies e sub-espécies representadas no E. E. Santo. Descrição das espécies: Saccoptery x leptura e Centronycteris maximiliani maximiliani Bol. Mus. Biol. Pro f. Mello Leitão, Santa Tereza, 10: 1-19.

[31] SANBORN, C.C. 1937. American bats of the subfamily Emballonurinae. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., Chicago, 24: 321-354.

[32] SETZER, J. 1954. Isolinhas de umidade do clima no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e no Distrito Federal. Rev. Brasil. Geog., Rio de Janeiro, 16 (3): 315-327.

[33] SIMMONS, N .B. & C.O. HANDLEY JR. 1998. A revision of Centronycteris Gray (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) with notes on natural history. Amer. Mus. Nov., New York, 3239: 1-28.

[34] SIMMONS, N.B. & R.S. Vosso 1998. The Mammals of Paracou, French Guiana: a Neotropicallowland rainforest fauna. Part l. Bats. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, 237: 1-219

[35] SOUTO-MAIOR, A.S. 1954. Tipos climáticos do Distrito Federal. Rev. Brasil. Geog., Rio de Janeiro, 16 (2): 267-275.

[36] VIEIRA, C.C.1942. Ensaio monográfico sobre os quirópteros do Brasil. Arq. Zool., São Paulo 3 (8): 219-471.

[37] WHITAKER JR., J.O. & J.S. FINDLEY. 1980. Foods eaten by some bats from Costa Rica and Panama. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 61 (3): 540-544.

[38] WHITAKER JR., J.O.; S.S. ISSAC; G. MARIMUTHU & T.H. KUNZ. 1999. Seasonal variation in the diet of the Indian pygmy bat, Pipistrellus mimus, in southern India. Jour. Mamm., Lawrence, 80 (I): 60-70.

[39] YANCEY, F.D.; J.R. GOETZE & C. JONES. 1998a. Saccopteryx leptura. Mamm. Species, New York, 582: 1-3.

[40] ______. 1998b. Saccopteryx bilineata. Mamm. Species, New York, 581: 1-5.