Abelhas e vespas solitárias em ninhos-armadilha na Reserva Biológica Guaribas (Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brasil)

Aguiar, Antonio José Camillo; Martins, Celso Feitosa

doi:10.1590/S0101-81752002000500005

Resumo

The trap-nesting bees of Guaribas Biological Reserve were studied during one year. Three areas with different vegetation types were sampled, open savanas, closed forest, and a mosaic of these two types. Twelve species of trap-nesting bees were observed, four of which are parasites. The most abundant species were Centris tarsata (Smith, 1879), C. analis (Fabricius, 1804), Tetrapedia diversipes KJug, 1810, and Mesocheira bicolor (Fabricius, 1804). Nesting of Centris tarsata and Mesocheira bicolor occurred mainly during the dry season, while Centris analis and Tetrapedia diversipes did not show any seasonal preferences. Mesocheira bicolar occurred only in the nests of C. tarsata, parasitizing more than 50% of the nests and representing 23.2% of the individuais emerged in the host nests. The mosaic area yielded a greater abundance and diversity. Comparing the sampling methods of trap-nests and entomological nets, conducted simultaneously in the same area, in relation to diversity of trap nesting bees, it was observed a great similarity in terrns of composition and differences of abundance in species sampled. Some hypothesis are discussed to explain a reason for the greater diversity and abundance of the mosaic area in relation to the other areas.

Apoidea; Apiformes; bees; Tabuleiro; trap-nests

Abelhas e vespas solitárias em ninhos-armadilha na Reserva Biológica Guaribas (Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brasil)

Trap-nesting solitary bees and wasps (Hymenoptera) in Guaribas Biological Reserve (Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brasil)

Antonio José Camillo Aguiar^I,II; Celso Feitosa Martins^I

^IDepartamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. 58000-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil

^IIBolsista CAPES

ABSTRACT

The trap-nesting bees of Guaribas Biological Reserve were studied during one year. Three areas with different vegetation types were sampled, open savanas, closed forest, and a mosaic of these two types. Twelve species of trap-nesting bees were observed, four of which are parasites. The most abundant species were Centris tarsata (Smith, 1879), C. analis (Fabricius, 1804), Tetrapedia diversipes KJug, 1810, and Mesocheira bicolor (Fabricius, 1804). Nesting of Centris tarsata and Mesocheira bicolor occurred mainly during the dry season, while Centris analis and Tetrapedia diversipes did not show any seasonal preferences. Mesocheira bicolar occurred only in the nests of C. tarsata, parasitizing more than 50% of the nests and representing 23.2% of the individuais emerged in the host nests. The mosaic area yielded a greater abundance and diversity. Comparing the sampling methods of trap-nests and entomological nets, conducted simultaneously in the same area, in relation to diversity of trap nesting bees, it was observed a great similarity in terrns of composition and differences of abundance in species sampled. Some hypothesis are discussed to explain a reason for the greater diversity and abundance of the mosaic area in relation to the other areas.

Key words: Apoidea, Apiformes, bees, Tabuleiro, trap-nests

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AGRADECIMENTOS. Agradecemos aos Drs Fernando Silveira, Fernando C.V. Zanella, Danúncia Urban, Márcio Luís de Oliveira e Pe. J.S. Moure, pela identificação das abelhas. À Ora Isabel Alves-das-Santos, Dr. Clemens Schlindwein e ao Prof. Dr. Fernando C.V. Zanella pelo apoio e sugestões. À CAPES pela bolsa concedida ao primeiro autor. Ao Ibama pela licença de coleta e ao pessoal da Reserva Biológica Guaribas (REBIO) pelo apoio logístico, particularmente ao administrador, biólogo Marcelo Marcelino.

Recebido em 19.X.2001; aceito em 03.VI.2002.

BEYER, W.N.; G.W. MILLER & W.J. FLEMING. 1987. Populations of trap-nesting wasps near a major source of fluoride emissions in Western Tennessee. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 89 (3): 478-482.
CAMILLO, E.; C.A. GARÓFALO; J.C. SERRANO & G. MUCCILO. 1995. Diversidade e abundância sazonal de abelhas e vespas solitárias em ninhos armadilhas (Hymenoptera, Apocrita, Aculeata). Revta bras. Ent. 39 (2): 459-470.
CAMILLO, E. 2000. Biologia de Tetrapedia curvitarsis em ninhos armadilha (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Tetrapediini). An. Encontro Abelhas, Ribeirão Preto, 4, p. 103-110.
COVILLE, R.E.; G.W. FRANKIE & S.B. VINSON. 1983. Nests of Centris segregata (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) with a review of the nesting habitats of the genus. Jour. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 56: 109-122.
FRANKIE, G.W.; S.B. VINSON; L.E. NEWSTRON & J.F. BARTHELL. 1988. Nest site and habitats preferences of Centris bees in the Costa Rican dry forest. Biotropica 20 (4): 301-310.
FRANKIE, G.W.; L.E. NEWSTROM; S.B. VINSON & J.F. BARTHELL. 1993. Nesting-habitat preferences of selected Centris bee species in Costa Rican Dry Forest. Biotropica 25 (3): 322-333.
FRANKIE, G. W.; R.W. THORP; M. NEWSTROM-LOYD; M.A. RIZZARD; J.F. BARTHEL; T.L. GRISWOLD; K. JONG-YOON & S. KAPPAGODA. 1998. Monitoring solitary bees in modified wildland habitats: implications for bee ecology and conservation. Environ. Entomol. 27 (5): 1137-1148.
GARÓFALO, C.A. 2000. Comunidades de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) que utilizam ninhos-armadilhas em fragmentos de matas do Cerrado de São Paulo. An. Encontro Abelhas, Ribeirão Preto, 4, p. 121-128.
GARÓFALO, C.A.; E. CAMILLO & J.C. SERRANO. 1989. Espécies de abelhas do gênero Centris (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae) nidificando em ninhos armadilhas. Ci. Cult. 41: 799.
GARÓFALO, C.A.; E. CAMILLO; J.C. SERRANO & J.M.M. REBÊLO. 1993. Utilization of trap nests by Euglossini species. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 53: 177-187.
GATHMANN, A.; H.J. GREILER & T. TSCHARNTKE. 1994. Trap-nesting bees and wasps colonizing set-aside fields: sucession and body size, management by cutting and sowing. Oecologia 98: 8-14.
HUTCHESON, K. 1970. A test of comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. Jour. Theor. Biol. 29: 151-154.
JESUS, B.M. & C.A. GARÓFALO. 2000. Nesting behaviour of Centris (Heterocentris) analis (Fabricius) in southeastern Brazil (Hyrnenoptera, Apidae, Centridini). Apidologie 31 (4): 503-515.
KROMBEIN, K.V. 1967. Trap-nesting wasps and bees: life history, nests, and associates. Washington, DC, Smithsonian Institution Press, VI+570p.
LUDWIG, J.A. & J.F. REYNOLDS. 1988. Statistical ecology: a primer on methods and computing. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 338p.
MAGURRAN, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princenton, Princeton Univ. Press, 179p.
MICHENER, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press. 913p.
MMA (MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE). 2000. Avaliação e ações prioritárias para a conservação da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica e Campos Sulinos. Brasília, Ministério do Meio Ambiente e outros, 40p.
MORATO, F.E.; M.C. GARCIA & L.A. DE O. CAMPOS. 1999. Biologia de Centris Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae, Centridini) em matas contínuas e fragmentos na Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Zool. 16 (4): 1213-1222.
MORATO, F.E. & L.A. DE O. CAMPOS. 2000. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre vespas e abelhas solitárias em uma área da Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Zool. 17 (2): 429-444.
NIMER, E. 1979. Climatologia do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, 421p.
OLIVEIRA-FILHO, A.T. & D.A. CARVALHO. 1993. Florística da vegetação do extremo Norte do litoral da Paraíba. Rev. Brasil. Bot. 16 (1): 115-130.
PEREIRA, M.; C.A. GARÓFALO; E. CAMILLO & J.C. SERRANO. 1999. Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) vittata Lepeletier in southern Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini). Apidologie 30: 327-338.
ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, X+514p.
ROIG-ALSINA, A. & C.D. MICHENER. 1993. Studies of lhe phylogeny and classification of long-tongued bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Univ. Kansas Sci, Bull. 55 (4): 123-173.
SAKAGAMI, S.F., LAROCA, S. & J. S. MOURE. 1967. Wild bee biocenotics in São José dos Pinhais (PR), South Brazil. Preliminary report. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI, Zoology 16 (2): 253-291.
SALGADO, O.A.; S.J. FILHO & L.M.C. GONÇALVES. 1981. As regiões fitoecológicas, sua natureza e seus recursos econômicos. Estudo fitogeográfico, p. 485-544. In: Projeto RADAMBRASIL. Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, Vol. 23, Folhas SB 24/25, 744p.
SERRANO, J.C. & C.A. GARÓFALO. 1978. Utilização de ninhos artificiais para o estudo bionômico de abelhas e vespas solitárias. Ci. Cult. 30: 597.
TSCHARNTKE, T.; A. GATHMANN & I. STEFFANDEWENTER. 1998. Bioindication using trap-nesting bees and wasps and their natural enemies: community structure and interactions. Jour. Appl. Ecol. 35: 708-719.
VIANA, B.F.; F.O. SILVA & A.M.P. KLEINERT. 2001. Diversidade e sazonalidade de abelhas solitárias (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em dunas litorâneas no nordeste do Brasil. Neotrop. Entomol. 30 (2): 245-251.
VINSON, S. B. & G. W FRANKIE. 1991. Nest variability in Centris aethycera (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) in response to nesting site conditions. Jour. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 64 (2): 156-162.
VINSON, S.B.; G.W. FRANKIE & J. BARTHELL. 1993. Threats to the diversity of solitary bees in a Neotropical Dry forest in Central America, p. 53-81. In: J. LASALLE & I.D. GAULD (Ed.). Hymenoptera and Biodiversity. Wallingford, CAB International, XX+348p.
VINSON S.B.; G.W. FRANKIE & R.E COVILLE. 1987. Nesting habitats of Centris flavofasciata (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophoridae) in Costa Rica. Jour. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 60: 249-263.
WCISLO, W.T. & J.H. CANE. 1996. Floral resorce utlization by solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and explotation oftheir stored foods by natural enemies. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 41: 257-286.
WILLIANS, I.H. 1996. Aspects of bee diversity and crop pollination in the European Union, p. 63-80. In: A. MATHESON; S.L. BUCHMANN; C. O'TOOLE; P. WESTRICH & I.H. WILLIANS (Eds). The Conservation of Bees. London, Academic Press, XI+254p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
03 Jun 2009
Data do Fascículo
Jul 2002

Histórico

Aceito
03 Jun 2002
Recebido
19 Out 2001

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] BEYER, W.N.; G.W. MILLER & W.J. FLEMING. 1987. Populations of trap-nesting wasps near a major source of fluoride emissions in Western Tennessee. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 89 (3): 478-482.

[2] CAMILLO, E.; C.A. GARÓFALO; J.C. SERRANO & G. MUCCILO. 1995. Diversidade e abundância sazonal de abelhas e vespas solitárias em ninhos armadilhas (Hymenoptera, Apocrita, Aculeata). Revta bras. Ent. 39 (2): 459-470.

[3] CAMILLO, E. 2000. Biologia de Tetrapedia curvitarsis em ninhos armadilha (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Tetrapediini). An. Encontro Abelhas, Ribeirão Preto, 4, p. 103-110.

[4] COVILLE, R.E.; G.W. FRANKIE & S.B. VINSON. 1983. Nests of Centris segregata (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) with a review of the nesting habitats of the genus. Jour. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 56: 109-122.

[5] FRANKIE, G.W.; S.B. VINSON; L.E. NEWSTRON & J.F. BARTHELL. 1988. Nest site and habitats preferences of Centris bees in the Costa Rican dry forest. Biotropica 20 (4): 301-310.

[6] FRANKIE, G.W.; L.E. NEWSTROM; S.B. VINSON & J.F. BARTHELL. 1993. Nesting-habitat preferences of selected Centris bee species in Costa Rican Dry Forest. Biotropica 25 (3): 322-333.

[7] FRANKIE, G. W.; R.W. THORP; M. NEWSTROM-LOYD; M.A. RIZZARD; J.F. BARTHEL; T.L. GRISWOLD; K. JONG-YOON & S. KAPPAGODA. 1998. Monitoring solitary bees in modified wildland habitats: implications for bee ecology and conservation. Environ. Entomol. 27 (5): 1137-1148.

[8] GARÓFALO, C.A. 2000. Comunidades de abelhas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) que utilizam ninhos-armadilhas em fragmentos de matas do Cerrado de São Paulo. An. Encontro Abelhas, Ribeirão Preto, 4, p. 121-128.

[9] GARÓFALO, C.A.; E. CAMILLO & J.C. SERRANO. 1989. Espécies de abelhas do gênero Centris (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae) nidificando em ninhos armadilhas. Ci. Cult. 41: 799.

[10] GARÓFALO, C.A.; E. CAMILLO; J.C. SERRANO & J.M.M. REBÊLO. 1993. Utilization of trap nests by Euglossini species. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 53: 177-187.

[11] GATHMANN, A.; H.J. GREILER & T. TSCHARNTKE. 1994. Trap-nesting bees and wasps colonizing set-aside fields: sucession and body size, management by cutting and sowing. Oecologia 98: 8-14.

[12] HUTCHESON, K. 1970. A test of comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. Jour. Theor. Biol. 29: 151-154.

[13] JESUS, B.M. & C.A. GARÓFALO. 2000. Nesting behaviour of Centris (Heterocentris) analis (Fabricius) in southeastern Brazil (Hyrnenoptera, Apidae, Centridini). Apidologie 31 (4): 503-515.

[14] KROMBEIN, K.V. 1967. Trap-nesting wasps and bees: life history, nests, and associates. Washington, DC, Smithsonian Institution Press, VI+570p.

[15] LUDWIG, J.A. & J.F. REYNOLDS. 1988. Statistical ecology: a primer on methods and computing. New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 338p.

[16] MAGURRAN, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princenton, Princeton Univ. Press, 179p.

[17] MICHENER, C.D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press. 913p.

[18] MMA (MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE). 2000. Avaliação e ações prioritárias para a conservação da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica e Campos Sulinos. Brasília, Ministério do Meio Ambiente e outros, 40p.

[19] MORATO, F.E.; M.C. GARCIA & L.A. DE O. CAMPOS. 1999. Biologia de Centris Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae, Centridini) em matas contínuas e fragmentos na Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Zool. 16 (4): 1213-1222.

[20] MORATO, F.E. & L.A. DE O. CAMPOS. 2000. Efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre vespas e abelhas solitárias em uma área da Amazônia Central. Revta bras. Zool. 17 (2): 429-444.

[21] NIMER, E. 1979. Climatologia do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, 421p.

[22] OLIVEIRA-FILHO, A.T. & D.A. CARVALHO. 1993. Florística da vegetação do extremo Norte do litoral da Paraíba. Rev. Brasil. Bot. 16 (1): 115-130.

[23] PEREIRA, M.; C.A. GARÓFALO; E. CAMILLO & J.C. SERRANO. 1999. Nesting biology of Centris (Hemisiella) vittata Lepeletier in southern Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini). Apidologie 30: 327-338.

[24] ROUBIK, D.W. 1989. Ecology and natural history of tropical bees. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, X+514p.

[25] ROIG-ALSINA, A. & C.D. MICHENER. 1993. Studies of lhe phylogeny and classification of long-tongued bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Univ. Kansas Sci, Bull. 55 (4): 123-173.

[26] SAKAGAMI, S.F., LAROCA, S. & J. S. MOURE. 1967. Wild bee biocenotics in São José dos Pinhais (PR), South Brazil. Preliminary report. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI, Zoology 16 (2): 253-291.

[27] SALGADO, O.A.; S.J. FILHO & L.M.C. GONÇALVES. 1981. As regiões fitoecológicas, sua natureza e seus recursos econômicos. Estudo fitogeográfico, p. 485-544. In: Projeto RADAMBRASIL. Levantamento de Recursos Naturais. Rio de Janeiro, IBGE, Vol. 23, Folhas SB 24/25, 744p.

[28] SERRANO, J.C. & C.A. GARÓFALO. 1978. Utilização de ninhos artificiais para o estudo bionômico de abelhas e vespas solitárias. Ci. Cult. 30: 597.

[29] TSCHARNTKE, T.; A. GATHMANN & I. STEFFANDEWENTER. 1998. Bioindication using trap-nesting bees and wasps and their natural enemies: community structure and interactions. Jour. Appl. Ecol. 35: 708-719.

[30] VIANA, B.F.; F.O. SILVA & A.M.P. KLEINERT. 2001. Diversidade e sazonalidade de abelhas solitárias (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) em dunas litorâneas no nordeste do Brasil. Neotrop. Entomol. 30 (2): 245-251.

[31] VINSON, S. B. & G. W FRANKIE. 1991. Nest variability in Centris aethycera (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) in response to nesting site conditions. Jour. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 64 (2): 156-162.

[32] VINSON, S.B.; G.W. FRANKIE & J. BARTHELL. 1993. Threats to the diversity of solitary bees in a Neotropical Dry forest in Central America, p. 53-81. In: J. LASALLE & I.D. GAULD (Ed.). Hymenoptera and Biodiversity. Wallingford, CAB International, XX+348p.

[33] VINSON S.B.; G.W. FRANKIE & R.E COVILLE. 1987. Nesting habitats of Centris flavofasciata (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophoridae) in Costa Rica. Jour. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 60: 249-263.

[34] WCISLO, W.T. & J.H. CANE. 1996. Floral resorce utlization by solitary bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and explotation oftheir stored foods by natural enemies. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 41: 257-286.

[35] WILLIANS, I.H. 1996. Aspects of bee diversity and crop pollination in the European Union, p. 63-80. In: A. MATHESON; S.L. BUCHMANN; C. O'TOOLE; P. WESTRICH & I.H. WILLIANS (Eds). The Conservation of Bees. London, Academic Press, XI+254p.