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Nomenclatural Changes in the Neotropical Eumaeini (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

Abstract

Nomenclatural actions are taken in the Neotropical Eumaeini in advance of publication of the Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera Checklist. Lectotypes are designated for eleven species group names: Lycaena astiocha Prittwitz, 1865; Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873; Thecla beroea Hewitson, 1868; Thecla cupa Druce, 1907; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Thecla erenea Hewitson, 1867; Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1867; Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860; Thecla stagira Hewitson, 1867; and Thecla thoria Hewitson, 1867. Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878 and Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916 are transferred from Eumaeini to Deudorigini (Theclinae). Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 is transferred from Polyommatinae to Theclinae (Eumaeini). Six type localities are changed: Colombia to Africa for Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916; Amazon to Guayaquil for Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Colombia to Southeast Asia for Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Bolivia to Westem North America for Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Argentina to the United States for Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Dominican Republic to mainland Central and South America for Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Seven new synonyms are: Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 = Thecla hygela Hewitson, 1868 syn. nov.; Thecla saepium Boisduval, 1852 = Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992 syn. nov.; Thecla tyriam H.H. Druce, 1907 = Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997 syn. nov.; Thecla halciones Butler & H. Druce, 1872 = Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Sal azar, 1997 syn. nov.; Papilio celmus Cramer, 1775 = Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989 syn. nov.; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867 = Thecla tyleri Dyar, 1913 syn. nov.; and Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1877 = Thecla iopas Godman & Salvin, 1887 syn. nov. The generic name Decussata K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997 is a new junior synonym of Ostrinotes K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997. The unavailable infra-subspecific name Thecla orobiana forma ♀ cosmophila Tessmann, 1928 is available as Thecla cosmophila Bridges, 1988. Seven new combinations are: Hypokopelates columbinia (Strand, 1916) comb. nov.; Mithras cosmophila Bridges, 1988 comb. nov.; Nicolaea cupa (Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; Salazaria elizabetha (Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997) comb. nov.; Ostrinotes halciones (Butler & H. Druce, 1872) comb. nov.; Strephonota tyriam (H.H. Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; and Aubergina vanessoides (Prittwitz, 1865) comb. nov. The holotypes of seven eumaeines are composed of parts belonging to different species: Strymon andrewi K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988; Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997; Trochusinus elizabetha Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997; lgnata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997; Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Some parts of these holotypes are excluded to clarify the identity of these names. Three chronic misspellings are corrected: Papilio ganimedes Crarner, 1775, for Papilio ganymedes [sic] Fabricius, 1776;Thecla atnius Herrich-Schäffer, [1853], for Thecla atrius [sic] Herrich-Schäffer, [1858]; and Rusticus minyas Hübner, [1809], for Rusticus minijas [sic] Poey, 1832. The name Electrostrymon minikyanos K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988, is treated as a nomen dubium. The subjective synonymy of Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860, and Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873, is referred to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature for conditional suppression of the first name. Precedence for the names Papilio dion Schaller, 1788, and Hesperia columella Fabricius, 1793, is reversed under Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Theclinae; Eumaeini; Nomenclature; Holotype Exclusions


Nomenclatural Changes in the Neotropical Eumaeini (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

Robert K. RobbinsI; Gerardo LamasII

IDepartment of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Washington, DC 20560-0127, USA. E-mail: robbins.robert@nmnh.si.edu

IIMuseo de Histeria Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru. E-mail: d190090@unmsm.edu.pe.so

ABSTRACT

Nomenclatural actions are taken in the Neotropical Eumaeini in advance of publication of the Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera Checklist. Lectotypes are designated for eleven species group names: Lycaena astiocha Prittwitz, 1865; Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873; Thecla beroea Hewitson, 1868; Thecla cupa Druce, 1907; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Thecla erenea Hewitson, 1867; Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1867; Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860; Thecla stagira Hewitson, 1867; and Thecla thoria Hewitson, 1867. Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878 and Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916 are transferred from Eumaeini to Deudorigini (Theclinae). Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 is transferred from Polyommatinae to Theclinae (Eumaeini). Six type localities are changed: Colombia to Africa for Thecla columbinia Strand, 1916; Amazon to Guayaquil for Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867; Colombia to Southeast Asia for Thecla duma Hewitson, 1878; Bolivia to Westem North America for Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Argentina to the United States for Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Dominican Republic to mainland Central and South America for Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Seven new synonyms are: Lycaena vanessoides Prittwitz, 1865 = Thecla hygela Hewitson, 1868 syn. nov.; Thecla saepium Boisduval, 1852 = Ignata illepida K. Johnson, 1992 syn. nov.; Thecla tyriam H.H. Druce, 1907 = Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997 syn. nov.; Thecla halciones Butler & H. Druce, 1872 = Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Sal azar, 1997 syn. nov.; Papilio celmus Cramer, 1775 = Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989 syn. nov.; Thecla daraba Hewitson, 1867 = Thecla tyleri Dyar, 1913 syn. nov.; and Thecla galliena Hewitson, 1877 = Thecla iopas Godman & Salvin, 1887 syn. nov. The generic name Decussata K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997 is a new junior synonym of Ostrinotes K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997. The unavailable infra-subspecific name Thecla orobiana forma ♀ cosmophila Tessmann, 1928 is available as Thecla cosmophila Bridges, 1988. Seven new combinations are: Hypokopelates columbinia (Strand, 1916) comb. nov.; Mithras cosmophila Bridges, 1988 comb. nov.; Nicolaea cupa (Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; Salazaria elizabetha (Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997) comb. nov.; Ostrinotes halciones (Butler & H. Druce, 1872) comb. nov.; Strephonota tyriam (H.H. Druce, 1907) comb. nov.; and Aubergina vanessoides (Prittwitz, 1865) comb. nov. The holotypes of seven eumaeines are composed of parts belonging to different species: Strymon andrewi K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988; Decussata colombiana K. Johnson, Austin, Le Crom & Salazar, 1997; Trochusinus elizabetha Salazar, Vélez & K. Johnson, 1997; lgnata illepida K. Johnson, 1992; Zigirina minutia K. Johnson & Adams, 1997; Strymon nivnix K. Johnson, Eisele & MacPherson, 1990; and Tmolus victoria K. Johnson & Matusik, 1989. Some parts of these holotypes are excluded to clarify the identity of these names. Three chronic misspellings are corrected: Papilio ganimedes Crarner, 1775, for Papilio ganymedes [sic] Fabricius, 1776;Thecla atnius Herrich-Schäffer, [1853], for Thecla atrius [sic] Herrich-Schäffer, [1858]; and Rusticus minyas Hübner, [1809], for Rusticus minijas [sic] Poey, 1832. The name Electrostrymon minikyanos K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988, is treated as a nomen dubium. The subjective synonymy of Thecla guacanagari Wallengren, 1860, and Thecla azia Hewitson, 1873, is referred to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature for conditional suppression of the first name. Precedence for the names Papilio dion Schaller, 1788, and Hesperia columella Fabricius, 1793, is reversed under Article 23.9.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Keywords: Theclinae, Eumaeini, Nomenclature, Holotype Exclusions

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Thanks to: Phil Ackery, Kim Goodger, and Dick Vane-Wright of the Natural History Museum in London for many kindnesses, especially checking a number of facts and looking for the holotype of

Thecla columbinia;

to Jeff Glassberg and Paul Opler for helping us find North American references and confirrning our identification of

Ignata illepida;

to John Eliot for confirrning our identification of

Thecla duma;

to Sally Weschler for help with the illustrations; and especially to the many curators who kindly allowed us to examine specimens, particularly types, in the collections under their care.

Appendix. List of publications using the name Hesperia columella Fabricius, 1793

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CLENCH, H.K. 1964. A synopsis of the West Indian Lycaenidae, with remarks on their zoogeography. Jour. Res. Lepid. 2: 247-270.

D' ABRERA, B.L. 1995. Butterflies of the Neotropical region. Part VII. Lycaenidae. Black Rock, Hill House, p. I-XI+1098-1270.

DEVRIES, P.J. 1983. Checklist of butterflies, p. 654-678. In: D.H. JANZEN (Ed.). Costa Rican natural history. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 816p.

EMMEL, T.C. & J.F. EMMEL.1973. The butterflies of Southem Califomia. Scienee Series. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles County 26, XI+148p.

ENRICO, P. & R. PINCHON. 1969. Première partie. Les Rhopalocères ou papillons de jour des Petites Antilles, p. 29-144. In: R. PINCHON & P. ENRlCO (Eds). Faune des Antilles françaises. Les papillons. Fort-de-France, Authors.

GASKIN, O.E. 1999. Butterflies of the Upper Frio-Sabinal region, central Texas, and distribution of faunal elements across the Edwards Plateau. Jour. Lepid. Soc. 52: 229-261.

GERBERG, E.J. & R.H. ARNETT JR. 1989. Florida butterflies. Baltimore, Natural Science Publications, V+90p.

GLASSBERG, J. 1999. Butterflies through binoeulars. The East. New York, Oxford University Press, X+242p.

GLASSBERG, J.; M.C. MINNO & J.V. CALHOUN. 2000. Butterflies through binoeulars. A field, finding, and gardening guide to butterflies in Florida. New York, Oxford University Press, VIII+242p.

HOWE, W.H. 1975. The butterflies of North America. New York, Doubleday & Company, Inc., XIII+633p.

LESTON, D.; D.S. SMITH & B. LENCZEWSKI. 1983. Habitat, diversity and immigration in a tropical island fauna: The butterflies of Lignumvitae Key, Florida. Jour. Lepid. Soc. 36: 241-255.

MAZA, R.G. DELA & J. DELAMAZA. 1993. Mariposas de Chiapas. México, Gobierno del Estado de Chiapas, 224p.

MEERMAN, J.C. 1999. Lepidoptera of Belize. Trop. Lepid. 10 (Suppl. 1): 1-61.

MILLER, J.Y. 1992. The common names of North American butterflies. Washington, DC, Smithsonian Institution Press, IX+ 177p.

MILLER, L.O. & MJ. SIMON. 1998. A preliminary annotated list of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of Cat Island, Bahamas. Bahamas Jour. Sei. 6: 35-42.

MINNO, M.C. & T.C. EMMEL. 1993. Butterflies of the Florida Keys. Gainesville, Scientific Publishers, VIII+168p.

MINNO, M.C. & M. MINNO. 1999. Florida butterfly gardening. A complete guide to attraeting, identifying and enjoying butterflies of the Lower South. Gainesville, University Press of Florida, XII+210p.

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POWELL, J .A. 1958. Additions to the knowledge of the butterfly fauna of Baja California Norte. Lepid. News 12: 26-32.

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ROBBINS, R.K. & S.S. NICOLAY. 1999. Taxonomy and nomenclature of Strymon istapa and S. columelia (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini). Jour. Lepid. Soc. 52: 318-327.

SCHIVARTZA,. 1989. The butterflies of Hispaniola. Gainesville, University of Florida Press, XIV+580p.

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WETHERBEE, D.K. 1984. An instant survey of St. Croix, V.I. natural history. Boston, Author, 77p.

Received in 24.IX.2002; accepted in 26.VI.2002

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    03 June 2009
  • Date of issue
    July 2002

History

  • Accepted
    26 June 2002
  • Received
    24 Sept 2002
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