Caracterização do melão tipo Galia durante a maturação.

Menezes, Josivan B.; Chitarra, Adimilson B.; Chitarra, Maria Isabel F.; Bicalho, Urquisa O.

doi:10.1590/S0102-05361998160000200006

Resumos

Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade do melão tipo Galia (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus), híbrido Nun 1380, durante a maturação, montou-se um experimento em delineamento inteiramen te casualizado, composto de cinco tratamentos e oito repetições de um fruto cada. Os frutos foram colhidos em cinco estádios de maturação: I, n, UI, IV e V e as avaliações foram feitas 24 horas após a colheita. Houve tendência à redução na firmeza da polpa du rante a maturação, entretanto, não se observou diferença significati va (p<0,05) entre os níveis de pectina solúvel e total. O estádio de maturação I apresentou os valores mais baixos de pH, sólidos solú veis, açúcares totais e vitamina C e os valores mais elevados de acidez total titulável e clorofila total. O estádio de maturação I apre sentou o teor mais elevado de açúcares redutores (2,92%) e o está dio V revelou o teor mais baixo (1,67%). A redução no teor de açú cares redutores foi concomitante à elevação na concentração de sacarose. O estádio de maturação n apresentou o teor mínimo de sólidos solúveis - SS exigido pelo mercado importador (SS superior a 9%) e resistência mecânica ao manuseio pós-colheita (firmeza da polpa superior a 50N), sendo o mais indicado para a colheita.

Cucumis melo L.; estádio de maturação.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of 'Galia' melon during maturation (Cucumis melo, L. var. reticulatus), hybrid Nun 1380. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments and eight replicates each of one fruit. The fruits were harvested at five maturation stages: I, n, El, IV and V, and evaluations made 24 h after harvesting. Firmness of melon fruits decreased during maturation; however, no significant statistical difference (p<0.05) was noticed in total and soluble pectin. The maturation stage I showed the lowest values for pH, soluble solids content, total sugars and vitamin C, and the highest values of titratable acidity and total chlorophyll. The maturation stage I showed the highest value of reducing sugar (2.92%) while the maturation stage V showed the lowest (1.67%). Accumulation of sucrose was concomitant with decreasing concentration of reducing sugar. The data obtained in this study on firmness and soluble solid content indicated that the maturation stage II was the optimun for harvesting 'Galia' melons, hybrid Nun 1380. At this stage the soluble solid content reached more than 9%, which is the minimum standard established for the import market, and the fruits had resistance to postharvest handling due to their firmness higher than 50 N.

Cucumis melo L ; maturation stage.

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RTÉS, F.; ESCRICHE, A.J.; MARTINEZ, J.A.; MARIN, J.G. Quality factors in four varieties of melons (Cucumis melo, L.). Journal of Food Quality, v. 16, n. 2, p. 91-100, 1993.
AULENBACH, B.B.; WORTINGTON, J.T. Sensory evalution of muskmelon: is soluble solids content a good quality index. HortScience, v. 9, n. 2, p. 136 - 137, 1974.
BIANCO, V.V.; PRATT, H.K.Composition changes in muskmelon during development and in response to ethylene treatment.Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 102, n. 2, p. 127 - 133,1977.
BLUMENKRANTZ, N.; ASBOE-HANSEN, G. New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Analitical Biochemistry, v. 54, p. 484-489,1973.
BOSLAND, J.M.; HUGHES, D.L.; YAMAGUCHI, M. Effects of glyphosine and triacontanol on growth, yield, and soluble solids content of 'PMR 45' muskmelons. HortScience, v. 14, n. 6, p. 729 - 730,1979.
BRUINSMA, J. The quantitative analysis of chlorophylls A and B in plant extracts.Photochemistry and Photobiology, v. 2, p. 241 - 249,1963.
COHEN, R.A.; HICKS, J.R. Effect of storage on quality and sugars in muskmelon. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science, v. III, n. 4, p. 553 - 557, 1986.
DHIMAN, J.S.; TARSEM L.A.L.; BAJAJ, K.L. Evaluation of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes for multiple disease resistance, yield, and quality characteristics. Tropical Agricultural, v. 72, n. 1, p. 58 - 62, 1995.
ENGEL, V.L.; POGGIANI, F. Estudo da concen tração de clorofila nas folhas e seu espectro de ahsorção de luz em função do sombreamento em mudas de quatro espécies florestais. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Ve getal, Londrina, v. 3, n. 1, p. 39 - 45, 1991.
FADY, C.Critères objectifs de la qualité gustative des fruits: utilisation commerciale de ces critères. Fruits, v. 38, n. 7 - 8, p. 547 - 551, 1983.
FLÜGEL, M.; GROSS, J. Farhstoff-und plastidenverãnderungen wâhrend der fruchtreife hei zuckermelonen, Cucumis melo cv. Galia. AngewBotanik, v. 56, p. 393 - 406, 1982.
GOMES, FF. Curso de Estatitisca Experimental. São Paulo: Nobel, 1987.
GROSS, K.C.; PHARR, D.M. A potential pathway for galactose metabolism in Cucumis sativus L., A stachyose transporting species. Plant Physiology, v. 69, p. 117 -121,1982.
GROSS, K.C.; SAMS, C.E. Changes in cell wall neutral sugar composition during fruit ripening: a species survey.Phytochemistry, Elmsford, v. 23, n. 11, p. 2457 - 2461,1984.
HUGHES, D.L.; YAMAGUCHI, M.I. Identification and distribution of some carbohydrates in the muskmelon plant, HortScience, v. 18, n. 5, p. 739 - 740, 1983.
KINTNER III, P.K.; VAN BUREN, J.P. Carbohydrate interference and its correction in pectin analysis using the m- hydroxydiphenyl method. Journal of Food Science, v. 47, p. 756 - 764, 1982.
KNEE, M; PAULL, R.E.; ARIE, R.B.; HAWKER, J.S. Enzymes in fruits. In: FOX, FF. Food Enzymology, New York: Ensevier Applied Science, 1991. p. 545 - 598.
KRAMER, A. Fruits and Vegetables. In: ____ e TWIGG, B.A.Quality Control for the Food Industry. Connecticut: Avi Publishing Company, 1973. v. 2, p. 157 - 227.
LESTER, G.E. Comparisons of'Honey Dew' and netted muskmelon finit tissues in relation to storage life. HortScience, v. 23, n. 1, p. 180 - 182,1988.
LESTER, G.E.Lipoxigenase activity of hipodermal- and middle- mesocarp tissues from netted muskmelon fruit during maturation and storage. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 115, p. 612-615,1990.
LESTER, G.E.;DUNLAP, J.R.Physiological changes during development and ripening of 'Perlita' muskmelon fruits. Scientia Horticultural, v. 26, p. 323 - 331, 1985.
LESTER, G.E.; STEIN, E.Plasma membrane physicochemical changes during maturation and postharvest storage of muskmelon fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 118, n. 2, p. 223 - 227, 1993.
LINGLE, S.E.;; LESTER, G.E. DUNLAP, J.R.Effect of postharvest heat treatment and storage on sugar metabolism in polyethylene- wrapped muskmelon fruit. HortScience, v. 22, n. 5, p. 917 - 919,1987.
McCOLLUM, T.G.; HUBER, D.J.; CANTLIFFE, D.J. Modification of polyuronides and hemicelluloses during muskmelon fruit softening. Physiologia Plantarum, v. 76, p. 303 -309,1989.
McCOLLUM, T.G.;; HUBER, D.J. CANTLIFFE, D.J.Soluble sugar accumulation and activity of related enzimes during muskmelon fruit development. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 113, n. 3, p. 399 - 403,1988.
McCREADY, P.M.; McCOOMB, E.A. Extraction and determination of total pectin materials. Analytical Chemistry, v. 24, n. 12, p. 1586 - 1888, 1952.
NORUSIS, M.J.SPSS statistics. Illinois, SPSS Inc., 1990.
ODET, J. Le melon.Paris: Ctifl, 1993, 295 p.
OGGLE, W.L.; CHRISTOPHER, E.P. The influence of maturity, temperature and duration of storage on quality of cantaloupes. Proceeding American Society Horticultural Science, New York, v. 70, p. 319 - 324,1957.
POOVAIAH, B.W.; NUKAYA, A.Polygalacturonase and cellulase enzymes in the rutgers and mutant rin tomato fruits and their relatioship to the respiratory climateric. Plant Physiology, v. 64, p. 534 - 537, 1979.
PRATT, H.K. ; GOESCHL, J.D.; MARTIN, F.W.Fruit growth and development, ripening, and the role of ethylene in the 'Honey Dew' muskmelon Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 102, n. 2, p. 203 - 210, 1977.
PROTRADE.Melones - Export Manual: Tropi cal fruits and vegetables. Eschbom, GTZ, 1995. 36p.
RANWALA, A.P.; IWANAMI, S.; MASUDA, H.Acid and neutral invertase in the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) fruit. Plant Physiology, v. 96, p. 881 - 886,1991.
RANWALA, A.P.; MASUDA, H.Purification of soluble acid invertase from the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) fruit.Agriculture Biological Chemistry, v. 55, n. 9, p. 2435 - 2436,1991.
SCOTT, G.W.; MacGILLIVRAY, H.H.Variation in solids of the juice from different regions in melon fruits.Hilgardia, v. 13, n. 2, p. 69 - 79, 1940.
SOUTHGATE, D.A.T. Determination offoods carbohydrates, London: Elservier Applied Science, 1991, 232p.
SOUZA, M.C.; MENEZES, J.B.; ALVES, R.E.Tecnologia pós-colheita e produção de me lão no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, v. 12, n. 2, p. 188 - 190, 1994.
STROHECKER, R.L.; HENNING, H.M. Analisis de vitaminas: métodos comprobados.Madrid: Paz Montalvo, 1967,428p.
VAULX, R.D.; AUBERT, S. Évolution comparée des fruits de deux cultivars de Melon "Doublon" et "Védrantais" (type "Charentais") au cours des derniers jours de la maturation. Annuaire Technologie Agriculture, v. 27, n. 3, p. 227 - 241, 1977.
WILLEY, R.C. Uses of enzymes in fruit and vegetable processing. In: Ory, R.L.; ANGE LO, A.J.St.Enzymes in food and beverage processing, Washington: ACS, 1977, p.198 -208.
ZAPATA, N.M. ; CABRERA, P; BANÕN, S.; ROTH, P.El melon, Madrid: Mundi-Prensa, 1989,173p.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Nov 1998

Histórico

Aceito
20 Jul 1998

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

[1] RTÉS, F.; ESCRICHE, A.J.; MARTINEZ, J.A.; MARIN, J.G. Quality factors in four varieties of melons (Cucumis melo, L.). Journal of Food Quality, v. 16, n. 2, p. 91-100, 1993.

[2] AULENBACH, B.B.; WORTINGTON, J.T. Sensory evalution of muskmelon: is soluble solids content a good quality index. HortScience, v. 9, n. 2, p. 136 - 137, 1974.

[3] BIANCO, V.V.; PRATT, H.K.Composition changes in muskmelon during development and in response to ethylene treatment.Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 102, n. 2, p. 127 - 133,1977.

[4] BLUMENKRANTZ, N.; ASBOE-HANSEN, G. New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Analitical Biochemistry, v. 54, p. 484-489,1973.

[5] BOSLAND, J.M.; HUGHES, D.L.; YAMAGUCHI, M. Effects of glyphosine and triacontanol on growth, yield, and soluble solids content of 'PMR 45' muskmelons. HortScience, v. 14, n. 6, p. 729 - 730,1979.

[6] BRUINSMA, J. The quantitative analysis of chlorophylls A and B in plant extracts.Photochemistry and Photobiology, v. 2, p. 241 - 249,1963.

[7] COHEN, R.A.; HICKS, J.R. Effect of storage on quality and sugars in muskmelon. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science, v. III, n. 4, p. 553 - 557, 1986.

[8] DHIMAN, J.S.; TARSEM L.A.L.; BAJAJ, K.L. Evaluation of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes for multiple disease resistance, yield, and quality characteristics. Tropical Agricultural, v. 72, n. 1, p. 58 - 62, 1995.

[9] ENGEL, V.L.; POGGIANI, F. Estudo da concen tração de clorofila nas folhas e seu espectro de ahsorção de luz em função do sombreamento em mudas de quatro espécies florestais. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Ve getal, Londrina, v. 3, n. 1, p. 39 - 45, 1991.

[10] FADY, C.Critères objectifs de la qualité gustative des fruits: utilisation commerciale de ces critères. Fruits, v. 38, n. 7 - 8, p. 547 - 551, 1983.

[11] FLÜGEL, M.; GROSS, J. Farhstoff-und plastidenverãnderungen wâhrend der fruchtreife hei zuckermelonen, Cucumis melo cv. Galia. AngewBotanik, v. 56, p. 393 - 406, 1982.

[12] GOMES, FF. Curso de Estatitisca Experimental. São Paulo: Nobel, 1987.

[13] GROSS, K.C.; PHARR, D.M. A potential pathway for galactose metabolism in Cucumis sativus L., A stachyose transporting species. Plant Physiology, v. 69, p. 117 -121,1982.

[14] GROSS, K.C.; SAMS, C.E. Changes in cell wall neutral sugar composition during fruit ripening: a species survey.Phytochemistry, Elmsford, v. 23, n. 11, p. 2457 - 2461,1984.

[15] HUGHES, D.L.; YAMAGUCHI, M.I. Identification and distribution of some carbohydrates in the muskmelon plant, HortScience, v. 18, n. 5, p. 739 - 740, 1983.

[16] KINTNER III, P.K.; VAN BUREN, J.P. Carbohydrate interference and its correction in pectin analysis using the m- hydroxydiphenyl method. Journal of Food Science, v. 47, p. 756 - 764, 1982.

[17] KNEE, M; PAULL, R.E.; ARIE, R.B.; HAWKER, J.S. Enzymes in fruits. In: FOX, FF. Food Enzymology, New York: Ensevier Applied Science, 1991. p. 545 - 598.

[18] KRAMER, A. Fruits and Vegetables. In: ____ e TWIGG, B.A.Quality Control for the Food Industry. Connecticut: Avi Publishing Company, 1973. v. 2, p. 157 - 227.

[19] LESTER, G.E. Comparisons of'Honey Dew' and netted muskmelon finit tissues in relation to storage life. HortScience, v. 23, n. 1, p. 180 - 182,1988.

[20] LESTER, G.E.Lipoxigenase activity of hipodermal- and middle- mesocarp tissues from netted muskmelon fruit during maturation and storage. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 115, p. 612-615,1990.

[21] LESTER, G.E.;DUNLAP, J.R.Physiological changes during development and ripening of 'Perlita' muskmelon fruits. Scientia Horticultural, v. 26, p. 323 - 331, 1985.

[22] LESTER, G.E.; STEIN, E.Plasma membrane physicochemical changes during maturation and postharvest storage of muskmelon fruit. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 118, n. 2, p. 223 - 227, 1993.

[23] LINGLE, S.E.;; LESTER, G.E. DUNLAP, J.R.Effect of postharvest heat treatment and storage on sugar metabolism in polyethylene- wrapped muskmelon fruit. HortScience, v. 22, n. 5, p. 917 - 919,1987.

[24] McCOLLUM, T.G.; HUBER, D.J.; CANTLIFFE, D.J. Modification of polyuronides and hemicelluloses during muskmelon fruit softening. Physiologia Plantarum, v. 76, p. 303 -309,1989.

[25] McCOLLUM, T.G.;; HUBER, D.J. CANTLIFFE, D.J.Soluble sugar accumulation and activity of related enzimes during muskmelon fruit development. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 113, n. 3, p. 399 - 403,1988.

[26] McCREADY, P.M.; McCOOMB, E.A. Extraction and determination of total pectin materials. Analytical Chemistry, v. 24, n. 12, p. 1586 - 1888, 1952.

[27] NORUSIS, M.J.SPSS statistics. Illinois, SPSS Inc., 1990.

[28] ODET, J. Le melon.Paris: Ctifl, 1993, 295 p.

[29] OGGLE, W.L.; CHRISTOPHER, E.P. The influence of maturity, temperature and duration of storage on quality of cantaloupes. Proceeding American Society Horticultural Science, New York, v. 70, p. 319 - 324,1957.

[30] POOVAIAH, B.W.; NUKAYA, A.Polygalacturonase and cellulase enzymes in the rutgers and mutant rin tomato fruits and their relatioship to the respiratory climateric. Plant Physiology, v. 64, p. 534 - 537, 1979.

[31] PRATT, H.K. ; GOESCHL, J.D.; MARTIN, F.W.Fruit growth and development, ripening, and the role of ethylene in the 'Honey Dew' muskmelon Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, v. 102, n. 2, p. 203 - 210, 1977.

[32] PROTRADE.Melones - Export Manual: Tropi cal fruits and vegetables. Eschbom, GTZ, 1995. 36p.

[33] RANWALA, A.P.; IWANAMI, S.; MASUDA, H.Acid and neutral invertase in the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) fruit. Plant Physiology, v. 96, p. 881 - 886,1991.

[34] RANWALA, A.P.; MASUDA, H.Purification of soluble acid invertase from the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Prince) fruit.Agriculture Biological Chemistry, v. 55, n. 9, p. 2435 - 2436,1991.

[35] SCOTT, G.W.; MacGILLIVRAY, H.H.Variation in solids of the juice from different regions in melon fruits.Hilgardia, v. 13, n. 2, p. 69 - 79, 1940.

[36] SOUTHGATE, D.A.T. Determination offoods carbohydrates, London: Elservier Applied Science, 1991, 232p.

[37] SOUZA, M.C.; MENEZES, J.B.; ALVES, R.E.Tecnologia pós-colheita e produção de me lão no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Horticultura Brasileira, Brasília, v. 12, n. 2, p. 188 - 190, 1994.

[38] STROHECKER, R.L.; HENNING, H.M. Analisis de vitaminas: métodos comprobados.Madrid: Paz Montalvo, 1967,428p.

[39] VAULX, R.D.; AUBERT, S. Évolution comparée des fruits de deux cultivars de Melon "Doublon" et "Védrantais" (type "Charentais") au cours des derniers jours de la maturation. Annuaire Technologie Agriculture, v. 27, n. 3, p. 227 - 241, 1977.

[40] WILLEY, R.C. Uses of enzymes in fruit and vegetable processing. In: Ory, R.L.; ANGE LO, A.J.St.Enzymes in food and beverage processing, Washington: ACS, 1977, p.198 -208.

[41] ZAPATA, N.M. ; CABRERA, P; BANÕN, S.; ROTH, P.El melon, Madrid: Mundi-Prensa, 1989,173p.

Brasil

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Caracterização do melão tipo Galia durante a maturação.

Characterization of 'Galia' melon during maturation.

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico