Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), a new record from Bahia state, Brazil

Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), uma nova ocorrência para o estado da Bahia, Brasil

SCIENTIFIC NOTE NOTA CIENTÍFICA

Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), a new record from Bahia state, Brazil

Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), uma nova ocorrência para o estado da Bahia, Brasil

Cristiano Roberto BuzattoI, ¹; Marlon Câmara Machado^II

^IUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

^IIUniversidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil

ABSTRACT

Capanemia Barb. Rodr. is recorded for the first time from Bahia state. The presence of two species broadens the known area of occurrence of the genus, establishing a new setentrional distribution limit.

Key words:Capanemia, Orchidaceae, new record, Bahia

RESUMO

Capanemia Barb. Rodr. é registrado pela primeira vez para o Estado da Bahia. A presença de duas espécies estende a área de ocorrência conhecida para o gênero, estabelecendo um novo limite setentrional de sua distribuição.

Palavras-chave:Capanemia, Orchidaceae, novo registro, Bahia

Capanemia Barb. Rodr., as currently circumscribed, comprises seven species of small epiphytes, predominantly Brazilian (Buzatto et al. 2011 ). Whereas most species have a Brazilian distribution, some species extend their range into Bolivia, southeastern Paraguay, northern Argentina to northern and northeastern Uruguay (Fig. 1). Capanemia micromera Barb. Rodr. is a widely ranging species in southern South America, but is concentrated in the states of Espírito Santo (Kollmann 2007), Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil (Buzatto et al. 2010). This range is similar to C. therezae Barb. Rodr., but this taxon occurs exclusively in highlands from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states, in the Atlantic Rain Forest Domain (Buzatto et al. 2010).

As part of taxonomic studies on the genus, we have verified the occurrence of two Capanemia species in Bahia state, not yet cited in the literature. Therefore, this paper contributes to a better recognition and reports a new occurrence of Capanemia. It also provides means for identification and data on distribution and habitat.

This work is based on revision of literature, fieldwork (specimens deposited in the ICN and HUEFS herbaria) and revision of the following herbaria: A, B, BA, BAB, CEN, CH, CTES, F, G, GH, HAS, HB, HUEFS, ICN, K, L, MBM, MBML, NCY, NY, P, PACA, PEL, R, RB, S, SI, SMDB, SP and UPCB. The synonymy accepted here follows Pabst (1972) and Buzatto et al. (in press). Orchid morphology terms are defined according to Dressler (1993). The distribution map was made with Arcview 3.4^® (ESRI 1999), based on city and site coordinates.

All Capanemia species are small epiphytes, with sympodial growth and 1-9.5 cm high. The roots are long, flexuous, and glabrous. The pseudobulbs are ovate to clavate and smooth to sulcate; the sheaths surrounding the pseudobulbs may be articulate or not. The leaves may be conduplicate or acicular to terete. The inflorescences are lateral, racemose, erect or pendulous, covered by articulate or membranous bracts, with a variable number of flowers (two to 20). The flowers are small (up to 12 mm in length), white or green, quite often with yellow dots between the two labellar calli (Buzatto et al. in press). Based on bibliographic revision and herbaria collections, these species are recorded for the first time from Bahia state. Although Pabst and Dungs (1977) cited the occurrence of this species in the state of Pernambuco, we were unable to find herbarium vouchers supporting this. Therefore, according to previous studies, the presence of C. micromera and C. therezae in the state of Bahia extends the known occurrence area of the genus, establishing a new setentrional limit for its distribution (Fig. 1). Thomas (2003) described the sites where these species occur as humid forests from about sea level to between 850 and 1100 m. These conditions are similar to sites where it is most frequently collected in Southern Brazil (Buzatto et al. 2010).

1. Capanemia micromera Barb. Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 1: 138. 1877. Type: Brazil. Minas Gerais: "Sur les bords de la rivière Dourado, affluent de la rivière Sapucahy", s.d., J. Barbosa Rodrigues s.n. (lectotype, designated by Buzatto et al. in press, Fig. A, tab. 311, vol. 6 of Barbosa Rodrigues's L'Iconographie des Orchidées du Brésil, original illustration at Biblioteca Barbosa Rodrigues, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro).

Synonymies: Quekettia micromera (Barb. Rodr.) Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3(6): 198. 1904. Quekettia australis Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 2: 57. 1906. Capanemia australis (Kraenzl.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 35: 92. 1925. Capanemia perpusilla Schltr., Orchis 8: 135. 1914 Capanemia angustilabia Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 60. 1926. Capanemia spathuliglossa Pabst, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 14: 24. 1956. Capanemia riograndensis Pabst, Orquideologia 7: 240. 1972. Capanemia lossiana L. Kollmann, Bol. Mus. Biol. Mello Leitão 22: 6. 2007.

For a long time, other taxa were described based on collections from several Brazilian regions (Kränzlin 1906, Schlechter 1914, Schlechter 1926, Pabst 1956, Kollmann 2007). For this reason, C. micromera was treated as a different binomial (Buzatto et al. 2010). However, Buzatto et al. (in press) considered that these binomials are only phenotypical plasticity of C. micromera. In Bahia state the flowering period is in the month of August.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Bahia: Vitória da Conquista, 14°59'07.8"S, 40°48'30.6"W, 821m, 16/VI/2008, fl., M.C. Machado 964 (ICN).

2. Capanemia therezae Barb. Rodr., Gen. Spec. Orchid. 2: 244. 1882. Type: Brazil. "croissant sur les arbres du Parc Imperial, à Petropolis…" s.d., J. Barbosa Rodrigues s.n. (lectotype, designated by Buzatto et al. in press, Fig. C, tab. 311, vol. 6 of Barbosa Rodrigues's L'Iconographie des Orchidées du Brésil, original illustration at Biblioteca Barbosa Rodrigues, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro).

Synonymies: Capanemia hatschbachii Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 60. 1926. Quekettia duseniana Kraenzl., Ark. Bot. 16(8): 24. 1921. Capanemia duseniana (Kraenzl.) Porto & Brade, Rodriguésia 1: 20. 1935. Capanemia fluminensis Pabst, Orquideología 7: 223. 1972.

This species is easily found on Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl. (Podocarpaceae) in the highlands of Southern Brazil (Buzatto et al. 2010). The same condition is observed in Bahia state (C. van den Berg, pers. comm.). Like C. micromera, C. therezae was also treated under different names (Buzatto et al. in press). These authors concluded that there is a great deal of phenotypic plasticity. In Bahia state, plants were found in flower during October.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Bahia: Morro do Chapéu, Alto do morro do Chapéu, 25/10/1970, 1100m, fl., Andrade-Lima 70-6136 (HUEFS).

Acknowledgements

CRB thanks CAPES (Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Nível Superior) for his scholarship and R.B. Singer and R. Trevisan for review and comment.

Recebido em 17/09/2010.

Aceito em 30/11/2010

• Buzatto, C.R.; Singer, R.B. & van den Berg, C. 2010. O gênero Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Oncidiinae: Orchidaceae) na Região Sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências 8(4): 309-323.
• Buzatto, C.R.; Singer, R.B.; Romero-Gonzáles, G.A. & van den Berg, C. in press Typifications and new synonymies in Capanemia (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae). Novon 21(1): 28-33.
• Dressler, R.L. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family Portland: Dioscorides Press.
• Esri. 1999. ArcView^®GIS 3.2a New York, Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.
• Kollmann, L. 2007. Capanemia lossiana L. Kollmann (Orchidaceae), uma espécie da mata Atlântica do Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Boletim do Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão 22: 5-9.
• Kränzlin, F.W.L. 1906. Quekettia australis Repertorium novarum specierum regni vegetabilis 2: 57.
• Pabst, G.F.J. 1956. Capanemia spathuliglossa Archivos do Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro 14: 24. 1956.
• Pabst, G.F.J. 1972. El género Capanemia Orquideología 7: 215-228, 237-242.
• Pabst, G.F.J. & Dungs, F. 1977. Orchidaceae Brasilienses II Kurt Schmersow, Hildeshein.
• Schlechter, R. 1914. Capanemia perpusilla Orchis 8: 135.
• Schlechter, R. 1926. Capanemia angustilabia Repertorium novarum specierum regni vegetabilis 23: 60.
• Thomas W.W. 2003. Natural vegetation types in southern Bahia. Pp. 1-4. In: Prado, P.I.; Landau, E.C.; Moura, R.T.; Pinto, L.P.S.; Fonseca G.A.B. & Alger K. (Orgs.). Corredor de biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica do Sul da Bahia CD-Rom, Ilhéus, Iesb/CI/Cabs/UFMG/Unicamp.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  01 July 2011
• Date of issue
  Mar 2011

History

• Accepted
  30 Nov 2010
• Received
  17 Sept 2010