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MAPEAMENTO DOS APLICATIVOS MÓVEIS PARA O CUIDADO NA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO

RESUMO

Objetivo:

mapear os aplicativos móveis para o cuidado na insuficiência cardíaca.

Método:

revisão de escopo baseada no método proposto pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs. Com a seguinte questão de pesquisa: quais os aplicativos móveis sobre insuficiência cardíaca são utilizados por profissionais da saúde, pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca e seus familiares/cuidadores? Foram analisados bases e portais de saúde captados via busca com os descritores “Insuficiência cardíaca”, “Aplicativos móveis”, “Pacientes”, “Pessoal de saúde”, “Família” e “Cuidadores” e a palavra-chave “Aplicativos”. Foram selecionados 47 estudos para análise.

Resultados:

foram analisados 47 estudos publicados, que permitiu mapear 39 aplicativos móveis, oriundos de quatro continentes, dentre os quais 20 (51,3%) tinham como finalidade o cogerenciamento e 19 (48,7%) tinham como população-alvo pacientes e profissionais da saúde; 23 (58,9%) aplicativos não utilizaram referencial teórico para sua construção. A temática e os recursos prevalentes envolveram cuidados diários (36; 92,3%) e gerenciamento dos dados (37; 94,9%), respectivamente.

Conclusão:

as temáticas e recursos dos aplicativos auxiliaram pacientes, familiares e profissionais na gestão da insuficiência cardíaca. Contudo, identificou-se hiato em diversas temáticas que envolvem o indivíduo e seu entorno, imprescindíveis para o cuidado integral.

DESCRIPTORES:
Insuficiência cardíaca; Tecnologia; Telemedicina; Aplicativos móveis; Promoção da saúde; Enfermagem

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to map mobile apps for care in heart failure.

Method:

this is a scoping review based on the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The following research question was used: which mobile apps on heart failure are used by health professionals, people with heart failure and their family/caregivers? Health bases and portals were analyzed through the search with the descriptors “Heart Failure”, “Mobile Applications”, “Patients”, “Health Personnel”, “Family” and “Caregivers” and the keyword “Applications”. Forty-seven studies were selected for analysis.

Results:

a total of 47 published studies were analyzed, which allowed mapping 39 mobile applications from four continents, among which 20 (51.3%) were intended for co-management and 19 (48.7%) had as target population patients and health professionals; 23 (58.9%) applications did not use theoretical framework for its construction. The prevalent theme and resources involved daily care (36; 92.3%) and data management (37; 94.9%), respectively.

Conclusion:

the themes and resources of the applications assisted patients, family members and professionals in heart failure management. However, a gap was identified in several themes involving individuals and their surroundings, essential for comprehensive care.

DESCRIPTORS:
Heart failure; Technology; Telemedicine; Mobile applications; Health promotion; Nursing

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

mapear aplicaciones móviles para el cuidado de la insuficiencia cardíaca.

Método:

revisión del alcance basado en el método propuesto por el Instituto Joanna Briggs. Con la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿qué aplicaciones móviles de insuficiencia cardíaca utilizan los profesionales sanitarios, las personas con insuficiencia cardíaca y sus familiares/cuidadores? Se analizaron bases de datos y portales de salud capturados mediante búsqueda con los descriptores “Insuficiencia cardíaca”, “Aplicaciones Móviles”, “Pacientes”, “Personal de Salud”, “Familia” y “Cuidadores” y la palabra clave “Aplicaciones”. Se seleccionaron 47 estudios para su análisis.

Resultados:

se analizaron 47 estudios publicados, que permitieron mapear 39 aplicaciones móviles, de cuatro continentes, de las cuales 20 (51,3%) tenían la finalidad de cogestión y 19 (48,7%) tenían como población objetivo pacientes y profesionales de la salud; 23 (58,9%) aplicaciones no utilizaron un marco teórico para su construcción. El tema y los recursos prevalentes fueron el cuidado diario (36; 92,3%) y la gestión de datos (37; 94,9%), respectivamente.

Conclusión:

los temas y características de las aplicaciones ayudaron a pacientes, familias y profesionales en el manejo de la insuficiencia cardíaca. Sin embargo, se identificó una brecha en varios temas que involucran al individuo y su entorno, los cuales son fundamentales para la atención integral.

DESCRIPTORES:
Insuficiencia cardíaca; Tecnología; Telemedicina; Aplicaciones móviles; Promoción de la salud; Enfermería

INTRODUÇÃO

A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma ameaça mundial emergente, com prevalência mundial de 64,34 milhões de casos (8,52 por 1.000 habitantes), representando 9,91 milhões de anos perdidos por incapacidade e gastos de US$346,17 bilhões,11. Lippi G, Sanchis-Gomar F. Global epidemiology and future trends of heart failure. AME Med J [Internet]. 2020 Jun [cited 2021 May 12];5(15):1-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.21037/amj.2020.03.03
https://doi.org/10.21037/amj.2020.03.03...
com perspectiva de aumento, apesar do avanço terapêutico. A IC coloca seu portador sob alto risco de morte súbita ou progressiva falência dos órgãos, além de acarretar distúrbios físicos, clínicos, sociais e psicológicos. Assim, melhorar atendimento e prognóstico desses pacientes é meta essencial da saúde pública.

Nesse sentindo, o cuidado de saúde deve extrapolar o restabelecimento dos parâmetros clínicos; demanda condições de promoção, proteção e recuperação da saúde, por envolver fatores como alimentação, trabalho, renda, acesso a bens, serviços e informação,22. Dimenstein M, Cirilo Neto M. Conceptual approaches to vulnerability in health and social care. Pesqui Prat Psicossociais [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];15(1):e2935. Available from: Available from: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1809-89082020000100002&lng=pt&tlng=pt
http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?scr...
-44. Carmo ME, Guizardi FL. Desafios da intersetorialidade nas políticas públicas de saúde e assistência social: uma revisão do estado da arte. Physis [Internet]. 2017 Oct-Dec [cited 2021 May 14];27(4):1265-86. Available from: Available from: http://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312017000400021
http://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312017000...
o que requer dos profissionais, pacientes e cuidadores/familiares capacidade de adaptação e habilidades para reinventar o cuidar, devido ao caráter crônico da IC, que tem sintomas e tratamentos por períodos prologados. Nessa perspectiva, adotar tecnologias de saúde digital e móvel, como aplicativos (APP), é alternativa para ampliação do cuidado, sem desconsiderar o sujeito a quem se destinam as ações do cuidar, além da capacidade de interação e praticidade.55. Paula TR, Menezes AP, Guedes NG, Silva VM, Cardoso MVLML, Ramos ES. Effectiveness of mobile applications for behavioral changes in health: a systematic review. Rev Rene [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Feb 22];21:e43845. Available from: Available from: http://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20202143845
http://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.202021...

Na IC, os APPs podem estimular adoção de comportamentos saudáveis, permitir monitoramento de pacientes, aumentar conhecimento da doença e, ainda, auxiliar profissionais na tomada de decisão clínica, =66. Pezel T, Berthelot E, Gauthier J, Chong-Nguyen C, Iliou MC, Juillière Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic management of patients with chronic heart failure who use smartphones: potential impact of a dedicated smartphone application (report from the OFICSel study). Arch Cardiol Dis [Internet]. 2020 Jan [cited 2021 May 23];114(1):51-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2020.05.006
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2020.05.0...
pois possibilitam acesso a informações e aplicações em qualquer lugar e momento. Entretanto, a indicação e inserção dessa tecnologia na rotina de cuidados de profissionais, pacientes com IC e seus familiares para atender demandas que resultem em ganhos efetivos, deve ser avaliada.

Por conseguinte, justifica-se mapear os APPs já desenvolvidos para avaliar sua qualidade e sua real utilização na rotina de cuidados de pacientes com IC. Não obstante, constata-se que temáticas já abordadas na literatura mostram-se reduzidas e fragmentadas no contexto do autocuidado e gerenciamento, e excluem profissionais e familiares/cuidadores.55. Paula TR, Menezes AP, Guedes NG, Silva VM, Cardoso MVLML, Ramos ES. Effectiveness of mobile applications for behavioral changes in health: a systematic review. Rev Rene [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Feb 22];21:e43845. Available from: Available from: http://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20202143845
http://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.202021...
-66. Pezel T, Berthelot E, Gauthier J, Chong-Nguyen C, Iliou MC, Juillière Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic management of patients with chronic heart failure who use smartphones: potential impact of a dedicated smartphone application (report from the OFICSel study). Arch Cardiol Dis [Internet]. 2020 Jan [cited 2021 May 23];114(1):51-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2020.05.006
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2020.05.0...
Nessa seara, este estudo é relevante por preencher lacuna literária acerca de APP sobre IC, destacando-se a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento existente, de forma a conhecer conteúdos e recursos apresentados. Assim, foi objetivo desta pesquisa mapear os aplicativos móveis para o cuidado na insuficiência cardíaca.

MÉTODO

Trata-se de revisão de escopo, cuja construção seguiu as diretrizes da Joanne Briggs Institute (JBI)77. Peters MDJ, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Munn Z, Tricco AC, Khalil H. Chapter 11: Scoping review (2020 version). In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.46658/jbimes-20-12
https://doi.org/10.46658/jbimes-20-12...
e as recomendações do checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR).88. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med [Internet]. 2009 Jul 21[cited 2021 Apr 24];6(7):e1000097. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.100...
Por se tratar de um estudo de revisão, não se faz necessária aprovação em Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa.

A questão de pesquisa constituiu-se como: quais os aplicativos móveis sobre IC são utilizados por profissionais da saúde, pessoas com IC e seus familiares/cuidadores? Os critérios de elegibilidade foram definidos por meio do acrônimo PCC (População, Conceito e Contexto). Para a população, optou-se por profissionais da saúde, pessoas com IC e seus familiares/cuidadores; para o conceito, foram selecionados estudos sobre desenvolvimento, usabilidade, viabilidade e validação de APP na área da IC; e, como contexto, insuficiência cardíaca. Foram tipos de fontes de evidência: artigos publicados eletronicamente na íntegra, sem restrição de idioma ou ano de publicação.

Para isso, os estudos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados eletrônicos da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde (IBECS) ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EBSCO, Embase, PsycInfo e portal PubMed.

As buscas e o processo de seleção dos estudos ocorreram de dezembro de 2019 a agosto de 2020. Foram utilizados os descritores de acordo com a terminologia dos Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DeCS) e Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): “Insuficiência cardíaca”, “Aplicativos móveis”, “Pacientes”, “Pessoal de saúde”, “Família” e “Cuidadores”. Reitera-se que houve inclusão da palavra-chave “Aplicativos” nas buscas, no intuito de ampliar os achados. Com esses termos foram realizadas buscas, integrando-os mediante os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”.

Optou-se por realizar a busca com descritores na língua inglesa, pois a equação possibilitou a identificação de maior quantidade de artigos, quando comparada às buscas com descritores nas línguas portuguesa e espanhola. Na LILACS e IBECS, montou-se a estratégia (tw:(insuficiência cardíaca)) AND (tw:(aplicativos móveis)) OR (tw:(aplicativos)) AND (tw:(pessoal da saúde)) OR (tw:(paciente)) OR (tw:(família)) OR (tw:(cuidadores)); no portal PubMed, ((((((heart failure) and mobile applications) or applications) and pacients) or health personnel) or family) or caregivers; na Web of Science e ScienceDirect, utilizou-se a equação (heart failure) AND (mobile applications or “applications”) AND (patients) OR (health personnel) OR (family) OR (caregivers) AND TÓPICO: (“heart failure”); na Scopus, (TITLE-ABS-KEY (heart failure) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (mobile applications or “applications”) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (pacients) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY (health personnel) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY (family) OR TITLE-ABS-KEY (caregivers); na EBSCO, CINAHL e Embase, (heart failure) AND (mobile applications or “applications”) AND (patients) OR (health personnel) OR (family) OR (caregivers); e, por fim, na PsycInfo, Title: heart failure AND Any Field: mobile applications OR Any Field: “applications” AND Any Field: “health personnel” OR Any Field: “patients” OR Any Field: “family” OR Any Field: “health caregivers”.

Outrossim, os estudos foram selecionados por dois revisores independentes. Controvérsias foram solucionadas com discussão crítica entre os revisores. Caso não conseguissem alcançar um consenso, um terceiro revisor auxiliaria no processo. Ademais, a coleta de dados foi realizada em setembro de 2020 e foram organizados em uma planilha no Microsoft Excel®. Cada estudo foi codificado com a letra “A”, seguido de um número.

Para extração dos dados, adaptou-se o instrumento da JBI,77. Peters MDJ, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Munn Z, Tricco AC, Khalil H. Chapter 11: Scoping review (2020 version). In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12]. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.46658/jbimes-20-12
https://doi.org/10.46658/jbimes-20-12...
considerando os seguintes aspectos: identificação (título, autores, idioma, país, local, periódico, ano de publicação e nome do APP); aspectos metodológicos (objetivos, delineamento de pesquisa, referencial, amostragem, tratamento de dados); e análise crítica (temáticas abordadas, recursos, pontos positivos e negativos e principais conclusões).

Finalmente, a apresentação dos dados obtidos se deu em tabela, com síntese dos estudos e figuras para mapear as informações relativas ao país de desenvolvimento das pesquisas e conteúdos e recursos identificados nos APPs.

RESULTADOS

A pesquisa identificou 747 estudos potencialmente relevantes, dos quais 409 foram removidos por duplicidade. Os 338 estudos restantes foram selecionados por título e resumo. Desse total, 132 estudos foram incluídos para análise de texto completo por dois revisores independentes. Em seguida, após leitura na íntegra, mais 85 estudos foram excluídos por não responderem à questão da pesquisa, restando 47 estudos (Figura 1).

Figura 1-
Diagrama do processo de seleção dos estudos conforme diretrizes do PRISMAScR. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 2021.

Portanto, dos estudos primários foram extraídos dados pertinentes ao acrônimo que fundamentou a questão de pesquisa e ao objetivo da presente revisão, como: autores, nome do aplicativo, finalidade, método e população-alvo, sendo caracterizados a seguir no Quadro 1.

Quadro 1-
Caracterização dos artigos selecionados para a revisão de escopo. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 2021.

O continente americano concentrou maior número de publicações (26; 55,3%), com destaque para Estados Unidos (23; 48,9%),1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
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https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
,2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
,2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
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https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247...
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https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
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https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
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https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
,3636. Athilingam P, Clochesy JM, Labrador MA. Intervention mapping approach in the design of an interactive mobule health application to improve self-care in heart failure. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 Jan 12];36(2):90-7. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000383
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
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,3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
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https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4444. Madias JE. A proposal for monitoring patients with heart failure via “smart phone technology” -based electrocardiograms. J Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2016 Sep-Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];49(5):699-706. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.06.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2...
,4646. Radhakrishnan K, Toprac P, O’Hair M, Bias R, Kim MT, Bradley P, et al. Interactive digital e-Health Game for heart failure self-management: a feasibility study. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Jan 12];5(6):366-74. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038...
,4848. Riley WT, Keberlein P, Sorenson G, Mohler S, Tye B, Ramizes AS, et al. Program evaluation of remote heart failure monitoring: healthcare utilization analysis in a rural regional medical center. Telemedicine J E Health [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2021 Jan 23];21(3):157-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-011-9733-...
Canadá (1; 2,1%)1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
https://doi.org/10.2196/13259...
e Argentina (2; 4,3%),1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020....
seguido do continente europeu, com treze (27,7%) estudos, sendo três (6,4%) oriundos do Reino Unido,4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
,4949. Triantafyllidis A, Velardo C, Chantler T, Shah SA, Paton C, Khorshidi R, et al. A personalised mobile-based home monitoring system for heart failure: the SUPPORT-HF study. Int J Med Inform [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Jan 25]; 84(10):743-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.05.003,5151. Bartlett YK, Haywood A, Bentley CL, Parker J, Hawley MS, Mountain GA, et al. The SMART personalised self-management system for congestive heart failure: results of a realist evaluation. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak [Internet]. 2014 Nov 25 [cited 2021 Feb 12];14(109). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-014-0109-3
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-014-0109-...
Alemanha (2; 4,3%)1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
,5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
e Aústria,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
Suíça,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
Grécia,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
Bélgica,3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
Itália,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
Dinamarca,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...
Espanha5252. Martín JAC, Martínez-Pérez B, Torre-Diez I, López-Coronado M. Economic impact assessment from the use of a mobile app for the self-management of heart diseases by ptients with heart failure in a Spanish region. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 16];38(9):96. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-z
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-...
e Finlândia,5353. Vuorinen AL, Leppänen J, Kaijanranta H, Kulju M, Helio T, Gils M, et al. Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2014 Dec 11 [cited 2021 Feb 16];16(12):e282. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651...
com uma (2,1%) publicação cada. O continente asiático concentrou cinco (10,6%) publicações, provenientes da China (1; 2,1%),3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
Tailândia (1; 2,1%)1010. Wonggom P, Nolan P, Clark RA, Burdeniuk C, Nesbitt K, O'Toole K, et al. Effectiveness of an avatar educational application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviors: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 Mar 24];76(9):2401-15. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414...
e Irã (3; 6,4%),1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
,2525. Kongsofla D, ghezeljeh N, Shahirivar S, Peuravi H, Kiaroosta N. Design and evaluation of a smartphone-based application to manage the treatment of people with heart failure. Iran J War Public Health [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Feb 12];11(3):125-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.29252/ijwph.11.3.125
https://doi.org/10.29252/ijwph.11.3.125...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
e a Oceania, três (6,4%), desenvolvidos pela Austrália (3; 6,4%).99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,2323. Woods LS, Duff J, Roehrer E, Walker K, Cummings E. Patients’ experiences of using a consumer mHealth app for self-management of heart failure: mixed-methods study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2019 May 2 [cited 2021 May 12];6(2):e13009. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13009
https://doi.org/10.2196/13009...

Os estudos foram publicados entre os anos de 20115454. Suh M, Chen C, Woodbridge J, Tu MK, Kim JI, Nahapetian A, et al. A remote patient monitoring system for congestive heart failure. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2011 Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];35(5):1165-79. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-011-9733-y
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-011-9733-...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
a 2020.99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
-2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
Os métodos foram variados, mas predominaram estudos de validação clínica dos APPs (15; 31,9%).1010. Wonggom P, Nolan P, Clark RA, Burdeniuk C, Nesbitt K, O'Toole K, et al. Effectiveness of an avatar educational application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviors: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 Mar 24];76(9):2401-15. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414...
-1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
,1515. Yanicelli LM, Vegetti M, Goy CB, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. SiTe iC: a telemonitoring system for heart failure patients. Int J Med Infom [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 May 12];141:104204. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104204
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020....
-1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
,1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
https://doi.org/10.2196/13259...
,2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247...
,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
,3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
,3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
,3737. Athilingam P, Labrador MA, Remo EFJ, Mack L, Juan ABS, Elliott AF. Features and usability assessment of a patient-centered mobile application (HeartMapp) for self-management of heart failure). Appl Nurs Res [Internet]. 2016 Nov [cited 2021 Jan 12];32:156-63. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.0...
,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
,5353. Vuorinen AL, Leppänen J, Kaijanranta H, Kulju M, Helio T, Gils M, et al. Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2014 Dec 11 [cited 2021 Feb 16];16(12):e282. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651...
Os 47 estudos publicados trouxeram 39 APPs sobre IC, dentre os quais 20 (51,3%)1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
,1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
-1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
,2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247...
,2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
-3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
-3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
-4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4444. Madias JE. A proposal for monitoring patients with heart failure via “smart phone technology” -based electrocardiograms. J Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2016 Sep-Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];49(5):699-706. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.06.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2...
-4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
,4848. Riley WT, Keberlein P, Sorenson G, Mohler S, Tye B, Ramizes AS, et al. Program evaluation of remote heart failure monitoring: healthcare utilization analysis in a rural regional medical center. Telemedicine J E Health [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2021 Jan 23];21(3):157-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093...
,5252. Martín JAC, Martínez-Pérez B, Torre-Diez I, López-Coronado M. Economic impact assessment from the use of a mobile app for the self-management of heart diseases by ptients with heart failure in a Spanish region. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 16];38(9):96. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-z
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
tinham como finalidade cogerenciamento e oito (20,5%)99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
,5353. Vuorinen AL, Leppänen J, Kaijanranta H, Kulju M, Helio T, Gils M, et al. Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2014 Dec 11 [cited 2021 Feb 16];16(12):e282. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651...
,5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
não tiveram os nomes divulgados.

As demais informações extraídas dos estudos versaram sobre população-alvo dos APPs, referencial teórico e temáticas e recursos utilizados. Observou-se que 19 APP (48,7%)1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
,1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
-2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
,3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
-3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
-4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4444. Madias JE. A proposal for monitoring patients with heart failure via “smart phone technology” -based electrocardiograms. J Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2016 Sep-Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];49(5):699-706. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.06.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
,4848. Riley WT, Keberlein P, Sorenson G, Mohler S, Tye B, Ramizes AS, et al. Program evaluation of remote heart failure monitoring: healthcare utilization analysis in a rural regional medical center. Telemedicine J E Health [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2021 Jan 23];21(3):157-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2014.0093...
,5252. Martín JAC, Martínez-Pérez B, Torre-Diez I, López-Coronado M. Economic impact assessment from the use of a mobile app for the self-management of heart diseases by ptients with heart failure in a Spanish region. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 16];38(9):96. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-z
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
tinham como população-alvo os pacientes e profissionais da saúde; 15 (38,5%)99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
,1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
https://doi.org/10.2196/13259...
,2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247...
-2727. Zhang L, Babu SV, Jindal M, Williams JE, Gimbel RW. A patientcentered mobile phone app (iHeartU) with a virtual human assistant for self-management of heart failure: protocol for a usability assessment study. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2019 May 23 [cited 2021 May 12];8(5):e13502. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13502
https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
,2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
-3232. Portz JD, Vehovec A, Dolansky MA, Levin JB, Bull S, Boxer R. The development and acceptability of a mobile application for tracking symptoms of heart failure among older adults. Telem J E Health [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 May 12];24(2):161-5. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036...
,4646. Radhakrishnan K, Toprac P, O’Hair M, Bias R, Kim MT, Bradley P, et al. Interactive digital e-Health Game for heart failure self-management: a feasibility study. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Jan 12];5(6):366-74. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
-5151. Bartlett YK, Haywood A, Bentley CL, Parker J, Hawley MS, Mountain GA, et al. The SMART personalised self-management system for congestive heart failure: results of a realist evaluation. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak [Internet]. 2014 Nov 25 [cited 2021 Feb 12];14(109). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-014-0109-3
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-014-0109-...
eram direcionados apenas para pacientes; dois (5,1%)4040. Srinivas P, Cornet V, Holden R. Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care. Int J Hum Comput Interact [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Jan 23];33(4):298-312. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1265784
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.12...
,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...
para pacientes e seus familiares; um (2,6%)4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
apenas para profissionais e um (2,6%)1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
para todos os envolvidos no processo de cuidar: pacientes e seus familiares e profissionais da saúde.

Verificou-se que 23 (58,9%)1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
,1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
-2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
,2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
-3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
,3232. Portz JD, Vehovec A, Dolansky MA, Levin JB, Bull S, Boxer R. The development and acceptability of a mobile application for tracking symptoms of heart failure among older adults. Telem J E Health [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 May 12];24(2):161-5. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036...
,3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
-3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
-4444. Madias JE. A proposal for monitoring patients with heart failure via “smart phone technology” -based electrocardiograms. J Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2016 Sep-Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];49(5):699-706. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.06.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2...
,4646. Radhakrishnan K, Toprac P, O’Hair M, Bias R, Kim MT, Bradley P, et al. Interactive digital e-Health Game for heart failure self-management: a feasibility study. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Jan 12];5(6):366-74. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
estudos não relataram o uso de referencial teórico para o desenvolvimento e/ou validação dos APPs construídos. Dentre os que utilizaram, destacou-se o Design Centrado no Usuário (6; 37,5%).1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
,2727. Zhang L, Babu SV, Jindal M, Williams JE, Gimbel RW. A patientcentered mobile phone app (iHeartU) with a virtual human assistant for self-management of heart failure: protocol for a usability assessment study. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2019 May 23 [cited 2021 May 12];8(5):e13502. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13502
https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
,4040. Srinivas P, Cornet V, Holden R. Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care. Int J Hum Comput Interact [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Jan 23];33(4):298-312. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1265784
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.12...
,4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...
seguido do Codesign (4; 25%).99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
Os demais referenciais foram utilizados apenas por um (6,2%) estudo, cada: Diretrizes de Design Contínuo,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
Teoria Social Cognitiva,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247...
Internet of Things,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
Pesquisa Científica de Design,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
Metodologia de desenvolvimento ágil4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
e Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia,1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
https://doi.org/10.2196/13259...

Todos os estudos incluídos coletaram diversas informações referentes ao conteúdo (temáticas) e recursos (funcionalidades) contidos nos APP (Figura 2). As temáticas envolveram cuidados diários (36; 92,3%),99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
,4040. Srinivas P, Cornet V, Holden R. Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care. Int J Hum Comput Interact [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Jan 23];33(4):298-312. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1265784
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.12...
-4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
bem-estar (10; 25,6%).1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
-3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
,4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
-4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
e tratamentos e exames (7; 17,9%).1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
-2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
-4444. Madias JE. A proposal for monitoring patients with heart failure via “smart phone technology” -based electrocardiograms. J Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2016 Sep-Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];49(5):699-706. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.06.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2...
Os recursos (funcionalidades) disponíveis foram categorizados em: requisitos de configuração (6; 15,4%),1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
,1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
,5252. Martín JAC, Martínez-Pérez B, Torre-Diez I, López-Coronado M. Economic impact assessment from the use of a mobile app for the self-management of heart diseases by ptients with heart failure in a Spanish region. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 16];38(9):96. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-z
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-...
gerenciamento dos dados (37; 94,9%),1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
https://doi.org/10.2196/13259...
,2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
transferência de dados (22; 56,4%)1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
-1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
,1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
-2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
,3030. Guo X, Gu X, Jiang J, Li H, Duan R, Zhang Y, et al. A hospital-community-family-based telehelth program for patients with chronic heart failure: single-arm, prospective feasibility study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Dec 13 [cited 2021 Jan 23];7(12):e13229. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13229
https://doi.org/10.2196/13229...
-3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
-3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,4141. Alnosayan N, Chatterjee S, Alluhaidan A, Edward L, Feenstra LH. Design and usability of heart failure mHealth system: a pilot study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2017 Mar 24 [cited 2021 Jan 21];4(1):e9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.6481
https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.648...
-4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
,4545. Chantler T, Paton C, Velardo C, Triantafyllidis A, Shah SA, Stoppani E, et al. Creating connections - the development of a mobile-health monitoring system for heart failure: qualitative findings from a usability cohort study. Digit Health [ Internet]. 2016 Oct 10 [cited 2021 Jan 22];2:2055207616671461.Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461
https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207616671461...
,5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039...
,5353. Vuorinen AL, Leppänen J, Kaijanranta H, Kulju M, Helio T, Gils M, et al. Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2014 Dec 11 [cited 2021 Feb 16];16(12):e282. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651...
-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
e gamificação (5; 12,8%).99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
,2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252...
,4646. Radhakrishnan K, Toprac P, O’Hair M, Bias R, Kim MT, Bradley P, et al. Interactive digital e-Health Game for heart failure self-management: a feasibility study. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Jan 12];5(6):366-74. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038...
-4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...

Figura 2-
Categorias das temáticas e recursos identificados nos estudos. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 2021.

Buscou-se identificar, ainda, aspectos positivos e negativos do desenvolvimento e uso dos APPs selecionados. De forma geral, possibilitaram melhor gerenciamento dos dados;99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
-1010. Wonggom P, Nolan P, Clark RA, Burdeniuk C, Nesbitt K, O'Toole K, et al. Effectiveness of an avatar educational application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviors: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 Mar 24];76(9):2401-15. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414...
,1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
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,1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
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permitiram cuidado personalizado;1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
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podem ser utilizadas em qualquer momento;1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
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as informações puderam ser compartilhadas e possibilitaram comunicação diária com profissionais da saúde;1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
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permitiram executar tarefas e atividades diárias propostas mais rapidamente3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
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Contudo, algumas limitações foram ressaltadas, como problemas técnicos e/ou de design;1818. Ware P, Dorai M, Ross HJ, Cafazzo JA, Laport A, Boodoo C, et al. Patients adherence to a mobile phone-based heart failure telemonitoring program: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2021 May 14];7(2):e13259. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13259
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exigência de letramento tecnológico e compreensão dos tipos de usuários;99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
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,4949. Triantafyllidis A, Velardo C, Chantler T, Shah SA, Paton C, Khorshidi R, et al. A personalised mobile-based home monitoring system for heart failure: the SUPPORT-HF study. Int J Med Inform [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Jan 25]; 84(10):743-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.05.003-5050. Goldstein CM, Gathright EC, Dolansky MA, Gunstad J, Sterns A, Redle JD, et al. Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. J Telemed Telec [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 23];20(6):293-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039
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,5353. Vuorinen AL, Leppänen J, Kaijanranta H, Kulju M, Helio T, Gils M, et al. Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2014 Dec 11 [cited 2021 Feb 16];16(12):e282. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3651
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-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
restrição quanto ao sistema operacional;99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
-2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
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necessidade de outros dispositivos3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
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,3535. Baert A, Clays E, Bollinger L, Smedt D, Lustrek M, Vodopija A, et al. A personal decision support system for heart failure management (HeartMan): study protocol of the HeartMand randomized controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord [Internet]. 2018 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Jan 23];18(1):186. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0921-...
,3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
,5454. Suh M, Chen C, Woodbridge J, Tu MK, Kim JI, Nahapetian A, et al. A remote patient monitoring system for congestive heart failure. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2011 Oct [cited 2021 Jan 23];35(5):1165-79. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-011-9733-y
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-5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...
e alto custo para desenvolvimento, manutenção e uso.2828. Scherr D, Kastner P, Kollmann A, Hallas A, Auer J, Krappinger H, et al. Effect of home-based telemonitoring using mobile phone technology on the outcome of heart failure patients after an episode of acute descompensation: randomized controller trial. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug 17 [cited 2021 May 21];11(3):e34. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1252
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,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...

DISCUSSÃO

A crescente busca pela qualidade do cuidado por meio de APP para pessoas com IC retrata a relevância de novas modalidades terapêuticas que favoreçam usuários, familiares e profissionais, potencializando resultados positivos de saúde com maior flexibilidade. Com o crescimento da Internet, aumenta a venda de smartphones e, com isso, intensifica o desenvolvimento de estudos de construção, validação, usabilidade, legibilidade, acessibilidade e adequabilidade de APP.

Na IC, os primeiros estudos publicados sobre APP foram em 2011, oriundos dos Estados Unidos e Alemanha. Apesar da expansão ao longo dos anos, os norte-americanos ainda concentram a maioria dos estudos. Os Estados Unidos são marcados por intensas inequidades sociais, evidenciadas pela variação geográfica das taxas de mortalidade da doença.1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
-1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
Ainda, são muitos os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da IC, como hábitos de vida inadequados.1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.01...
que corroboram para elevada prevalência da doença no País.

Ressalta-se inexistirem estudos oriundos do Brasil, apesar da elevada prevalência da doença no País. Apesar da existência de APPs brasileiros nas principais lojas virtuais (Google play e Apple store), não foi possível localizar, na literatura, pesquisas que descrevam o processo de construção e validação. Esse achado é preocupante, pois a criação dessas ferramentas tecnológicas requer etapas definidas e estruturadas de forma adequada para que o APP seja útil ao usuário final.

A heterogeneidade clínica da IC é percebida em diversas estratégias de manejo e ações de cuidados implementadas. Pensar na pessoa com IC é valorizar o indivíduo, compreendendo a singularidade do outro. Assim, não se pode conceber o cuidado de forma pontual, e sim, por meio de um olhar ampliado. Nessa perspectiva, justifica-se a pluralidade das finalidades, temáticas (conteúdos) e recursos identificados nos estudos. Contudo, desenvolver uma tecnologia para o cuidado exige cautela. Ainda, demanda dos pesquisadores investigação minuciosa de aspectos socioeconômicos, comportamentais e cognitivos dos usuários, além da escolha do método adequado para estruturação tecnológica. Sobressaíram diferentes referenciais teóricos que orientam a construção de APP, com destaque para o Design Centrado no Usuário (DCU) e o Codesign.

O método DCU foi utilizado para desenvolver APP com objetivo de aumentar níveis de conhecimento,1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
autocuidado.2727. Zhang L, Babu SV, Jindal M, Williams JE, Gimbel RW. A patientcentered mobile phone app (iHeartU) with a virtual human assistant for self-management of heart failure: protocol for a usability assessment study. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2019 May 23 [cited 2021 May 12];8(5):e13502. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13502
https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
,4040. Srinivas P, Cornet V, Holden R. Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care. Int J Hum Comput Interact [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Jan 23];33(4):298-312. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1265784
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.12...
autogerenciamento3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
e cogerenciamento.3636. Athilingam P, Clochesy JM, Labrador MA. Intervention mapping approach in the design of an interactive mobule health application to improve self-care in heart failure. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 Jan 12];36(2):90-7. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000383
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
-3737. Athilingam P, Labrador MA, Remo EFJ, Mack L, Juan ABS, Elliott AF. Features and usability assessment of a patient-centered mobile application (HeartMapp) for self-management of heart failure). Appl Nurs Res [Internet]. 2016 Nov [cited 2021 Jan 12];32:156-63. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.0...
,4242. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Johansson M, Labrador M. A mobile health intervention to improve self-care in patients with heart failure: pilot randomized control trial. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Aug 11 [cited 2021 Jan 26];1(2):e3. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.7848...
Estabelece colaboração entre usuários e pesquisadores na fase de concepção.2727. Zhang L, Babu SV, Jindal M, Williams JE, Gimbel RW. A patientcentered mobile phone app (iHeartU) with a virtual human assistant for self-management of heart failure: protocol for a usability assessment study. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2019 May 23 [cited 2021 May 12];8(5):e13502. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13502
https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...
O Codesign foi empregado em APP cuja finalidade era aumento do conhecimento e autocuidado,99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
-1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
automonitoramento1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
e cogerenciamento.1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,2323. Woods LS, Duff J, Roehrer E, Walker K, Cummings E. Patients’ experiences of using a consumer mHealth app for self-management of heart failure: mixed-methods study. JMIR Hum Factors [Internet]. 2019 May 2 [cited 2021 May 12];6(2):e13009. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13009
https://doi.org/10.2196/13009...
É o processo criativo e participativo que envolve grupo diverso de indivíduos interessados em explorar, desenvolver e testar uma tecnologia.99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
-1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...

As duas abordagens convergem na relevância da inserção dos usuários no projeto, pois os designers nem sempre são capazes de compreender suas demandas de saúde. Ora, a cronicidade e a complexidade da IC não estão associadas apenas às alterações biológicas advindas da doença, mas envolvem o entorno do indivíduo, onde determinantes sociais, econômicos e demográficos influenciam no prognóstico,1212. Heiney SP, Donevan SB, Adams AS, Parker PD, Chen H, Levkoft S. A smartphone app for self-management of heart failure in older african americans: feasibility and usability study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2020 Apr 3 [cited 2021 May 24];3(1):e17142. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17142
https://doi.org/10.2196/17142...
-1313. Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Ghahari RR, Ahmed R, Daley C, et al. Untold stories in user-centerd design of mobile health: practical challenges and strategies learned from the design and evaluation of na app for older adults with heart failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth [Internet]. 2020 Jul 21 [cited 2021 May 5];8(7):e17703. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/17703
https://doi.org/10.2196/17703...
,1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,1919. Werhahn SM, Dathe H, Rottmann T, Franke T, Vahdat D, Hasenful G, et al. Designing meaningful outcome parameters using mobile technology: a new mobile application for telemonitoring patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 May 16];6(3):516-25. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425
https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12425...
,2727. Zhang L, Babu SV, Jindal M, Williams JE, Gimbel RW. A patientcentered mobile phone app (iHeartU) with a virtual human assistant for self-management of heart failure: protocol for a usability assessment study. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2019 May 23 [cited 2021 May 12];8(5):e13502. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/13502
https://doi.org/10.2196/13502...
,3434. Spanakis EG, Psaraki M, Sakkalis V. Congestive heart failure risk assessment monitoring through internet of things and mobile personal health systems. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 23];2018:2925-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513024
https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2018.851302...
tornando-o vulnerável. Assim, métodos com participação de todos os envolvidos no processo de cuidar, que considerem aspectos sociais, físicos e cognitivos do seu público, são essenciais para o desenvolvimento,3333. Foster M. A mobile application for patients with heart failure: theory- and evidence-based design and testing. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Nov [cited 2021 May 21];36(11):540-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000465
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
,3838. Safdari R, Jafarpour M, Mokhtaran M, Naderi N. Designing and implementarion of a heart failure telemonitoring system. Acta Inform Med [Internet]. 2017 Sep [cited 2021 Feb 12];25(3):156-62. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-162
https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2017.25.156-...
-3939. Darling CE, Dovancescu S, Saczynski JS, Riistama J, Kuniyoshi FS, Rock J, et al. Bioimpedance-based heart failure deterioration prediction using a prototype fluid accumulation vest-mobile phone dyad: na observational study. JMIR Cardio [Internet]. 2017 Mar 13 [cited 2021 Feb 09];1(1):e1. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057
https://doi.org/10.2196/cardio.6057...
aceitabilidade,99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
adequabilidade2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
e viabilidade do APP.4646. Radhakrishnan K, Toprac P, O’Hair M, Bias R, Kim MT, Bradley P, et al. Interactive digital e-Health Game for heart failure self-management: a feasibility study. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2021 Jan 12];5(6):366-74. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2016.0038...
-4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...
,5252. Martín JAC, Martínez-Pérez B, Torre-Diez I, López-Coronado M. Economic impact assessment from the use of a mobile app for the self-management of heart diseases by ptients with heart failure in a Spanish region. J Med Syst [Internet]. 2014 Sep [cited 2021 Jan 16];38(9):96. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-z
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-014-0096-...
,5555. Winkler S, Schieber M, Lücke S, Heinze P, Schweizer T, Wegertseder D, et al. A new telemonitoring system intended for chronic heart failure patients using mobile telephone technology - feasibility study. Int J Cardiol [Internet]. 2011 Nov 17 [cited 2021 Jan 27];153(1):55-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08.038
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.08...

Quanto às finalidades, constatou-se preocupação dos pesquisadores em estimular autocuidado e gerenciamento da IC. O autocuidado envolve tomada de ações e adoção de comportamentos que mantenham a saúde,1111. Kiyarosta N, Ghezeljeh TN, Naghashzadeh F, Feizi M, Haghani S. The effect of using smartphone applications on self-care in patients with heart failure. Nurs Pract Today [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 May 12];7(4):311-21. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041
https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i4.4041...
,2020. Sharma A, Mentz RJ, Granger BB, Heitner JF, Cooper LB, Banerjee D, et al. Utilizing mobile technologies to improve physical activity and medication adherence in patients with heart faiilure and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of the TARGET-HF-DM trial. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2021 May 22];211:22-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.01.00...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
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,2626. Lloyd T, Buck H, Foy A, Black S, Pinter A, Pogash R, et al. The Penn State Heart Assistant: a pilot study of a web-vased intervention to improve self-care of heart failure patients. Health Informatics J [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2021 Jan 15];25(2):292-303. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458217704247
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enquanto o gerenciamento ou gestão é a participação ativa do paciente em seu tratamento.1616. DeVore AD, Granger BB, Fonarow GC, Al-Khalidi HR, Albert NM, Lewis EF, et al. Careoptimization through patient and hospital engagement clinical trial for heart failure: rationale and design of connect-HF. Am Heart J [Internet]. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 22];220:41-50. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.012
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,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
,2424. Baik D, Reading M, Jia H, Grossman LV, Creber RM. Measuring health status and symptom burden using a web-based mHealth application in patients with heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2021 Jan 12];18(4):325-31. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704
https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515119825704...
,3636. Athilingam P, Clochesy JM, Labrador MA. Intervention mapping approach in the design of an interactive mobule health application to improve self-care in heart failure. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 Jan 12];36(2):90-7. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000383
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
Na IC, essas finalidades estão interligadas, pois o autocuidado é vital ao gerenciamento bem-sucedido.

Nos estudos analisados, os pacientes que utilizaram APP para autocuidado e cogerenciamento apresentaram melhores resultados de saúde, por possibilitarem a organização do cuidado e o compartilhamento de informações com os profissionais de saúde.2929. Athilingam P, Jenkins B, Redding BA. Reading level and suitability of congestive heart failure (CHF) education in a mobile app (CHF Info App): descriptive design study. JMIR Aging [Internet]. 2019 Apr 25 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2(1):e12134. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/12134
https://doi.org/10.2196/12134...
,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
,3636. Athilingam P, Clochesy JM, Labrador MA. Intervention mapping approach in the design of an interactive mobule health application to improve self-care in heart failure. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 Jan 12];36(2):90-7. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000383
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
-3737. Athilingam P, Labrador MA, Remo EFJ, Mack L, Juan ABS, Elliott AF. Features and usability assessment of a patient-centered mobile application (HeartMapp) for self-management of heart failure). Appl Nurs Res [Internet]. 2016 Nov [cited 2021 Jan 12];32:156-63. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2016.07.0...
Assim, contribuíram para autopercepção dos sintomas de alarme,3333. Foster M. A mobile application for patients with heart failure: theory- and evidence-based design and testing. Comput Inform Nurs [Internet]. 2018 Nov [cited 2021 May 21];36(11):540-9. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000465
https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.000000000000...
participação dos pacientes no processo de tomada de decisão clínica dos profissionais,2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
contribuindo na elaboração de diagnósticos fidedignos e orientações/condutas terapêuticas direcionadas.1414. Yanicelli LM, Goy CB, González VC, Palacios GN, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. Non-invasive home telemonitoring system for heart failure patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Telemed Telecare [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 23];27(9):553-61. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261
https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X19899261...
-1515. Yanicelli LM, Vegetti M, Goy CB, Martínez EC, Herrera MC. SiTe iC: a telemonitoring system for heart failure patients. Int J Med Infom [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 May 12];141:104204. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104204
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020....

Houve predomínio de estudos com pacientes e profissionais, poucos foram desenvolvidos de maneira a integrar os familiares/cuidadores. As práticas de autocuidado e gerenciamento da doença são mais efetivas quando todos participaram ativamente das ações de cuidado. Portanto, é relevante que os familiares se apropriem dessas ferramentas, para fortalecer a assistência e investir em cuidados mais seguros.4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...
Quando desenvolvidos para paciente, os APPs funcionam como estratégias facilitadoras do autocuidado, da manutenção da autonomia e da independência. Para familiares/cuidadores que desempenham papel importante no cuidado de pacientes com IC, os APPs são uma forma adicional de informação.1717. Woods L, Roehrer E, Duff J, Walker K, Cummings E. Co-design of a mobile health app for heart failure: perspectives from the team. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 Aug 8 [cited 2021 May 12];266:183-8. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI190792...
,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...

Múltiplas temáticas foram abordadas nos estudos, principalmente relacionadas aos cuidados diários. Entretanto, apesar do quantitativo de estudos, temáticas como funcionamento do sistema de redes e políticas públicas; suporte econômico, com explanação acerca dos direitos, benefícios e auxílios do governo; atividade sexual e planejamento familiar; exercícios respiratórios; higiene bucal; vacinação; cuidados paliativos; alta hospitalar e vulnerabilidade em saúde, foram negligenciadas. Essa ausência reafirma a complexidade da doença e evidencia lacunas relevantes na literatura científica.

A IC exige reorganização diária das pessoas acometidas. Aderir à terapêutica requer disciplina e resiliência, além da compreensão das diversas situações de vulnerabilidade experienciadas.1010. Wonggom P, Nolan P, Clark RA, Burdeniuk C, Nesbitt K, O'Toole K, et al. Effectiveness of an avatar educational application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviors: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 Mar 24];76(9):2401-15. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414...
Nesse escopo, a incorporação de recursos é estratégia essencial para gerir informações e, assim, facilitar o cuidado. A IC demanda ações inovadoras e que permitam reinventar a forma de cuidar, de maneira criativa e, por várias vezes, lúdicas, com reforços positivos. Nos estudos, recursos programados e investidos nos APPs incluíram requisitos de configuração, gerenciamento, transferência dos dados e gamificação.

O caráter crônico da IC exige mudanças no estilo de vida, podendo aumentar a qualidade e a expectativa de vida dos pacientes. O monitoramento contínuo e o cuidado dos sinais vitais diários permitem reconhecer alterações ou complicações precocemente. Porém, as taxas de automonitoramento são baixas, pois os pacientes frequentemente esquecem de registrar informações relevantes, como sinais e sintomas, sinais vitais e medicações em uso.2121. Arulnathan A, Vaaheesan S, Denecke K. A mobile application for self-monitoring for patients with heart failure. Stud Health Technol Inform [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 May 24];259:113-6. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-4-113
https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-961-...
,5656. Gonçali SS, Grotti EMO, Furuia RK, Dantas RAS, Rossi LA, Dessotte CAM. Health-related quality of life of patients with permanent cardiac pacing. Texto Contexto Enferm [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jun 9];29:e20180486. Available from: Available from: http://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2018-0486
http://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-201...
Isso complica os check-ups e dificulta a identificação de agravamento de sua condição.

Isso posto, APPs que outorguem recursos que ofereçam uso confortável ao paciente, com elementos interativos que disponibilizam informações confiáveis, como a inserção e a transmissão de dados, pode aumentar a segurança do paciente, diminuir episódios de internação, além de compartilhar seus dados com os profissionais de saúde. APP com recurso de estratificação de risco e diagnósticos são ferramentas essenciais aos profissionais da saúde e pacientes por fornecerem prognóstico e tratamento personalizado.2222. Windmon A, Minakshi M, Bharti P, Chellappan S, Johansson M, Jenkins BA, et al. TussisWatch: a smartphone system to identify cough episodes as early symptoms of chronic obstructive ´pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2021 Feb 22];23(4):1566-73. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.2872038
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2018.287203...
,4343. Curcio A, Rosa S, Sabatino J, Luca S, Bochicchio A, Polimeni A, et al. Clinical usefulness of a mobile application for the appropriated selection of the antiarrhythmic device in heart failure. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2021 Jan 25];39(7):696-702. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12872...

Enfim, entre os recursos, estratégias como gamificação com uso de avatares e jogos motivacionais, mostraram-se eficazes no treinamento de saúde personalizado, melhorando conhecimento, manutenção e confiança para o autocuidado, por meio de desafios diários e sistemas de pontuação, além do ganho de medalhas e recompensas.99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
-1010. Wonggom P, Nolan P, Clark RA, Burdeniuk C, Nesbitt K, O'Toole K, et al. Effectiveness of an avatar educational application for improving heart failure patients' knowledge and self-care behaviors: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2021 Mar 24];76(9):2401-15. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414
https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14414...
,4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...

Os métodos adotados, finalidades, temáticas e recursos permitiram a disponibilização de APP com inúmeros aspectos positivos. Todavia, autores reforçaram a necessidade em conhecer os perfis dos usuários, que podem afetar a forma como o sistema é utilizado,3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
o que demanda cuidado na utilização de APPs oriundos de outras culturas. Ademais, é importante observar a necessidade de adaptação para pessoas com problemas visuais e/ou audição.99. Du H, Wonggom P, Burdeniuk C, Wight J, Nolan P, Barry T, et al. Development and feasibility testing of na interactive avatar education application for education of patients with heart failure. Brit J Cardiac Nurs [Internet]. 2020 Jun 17 [cited 2021 Feb 12];15(6). Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007
https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2020.0007...
A dependência de um sistema de tecnologia, do tipo Internet sem fio, também foi fator limitante para populações com baixo poder econômico.3131. Haynes SC, Kim KK. A mobile system for the improvement of heart failure management: evaluation of a prototipe. AMIA Annu Symp Proc [Internet]. 2018 Apr 16 [cited 2021 Jan 23];2017:839-48. Available from: Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977691/pdf/2728943.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
-3232. Portz JD, Vehovec A, Dolansky MA, Levin JB, Bull S, Boxer R. The development and acceptability of a mobile application for tracking symptoms of heart failure among older adults. Telem J E Health [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2021 May 12];24(2):161-5. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036
https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2017.0036...
É importante destacar, também, que APPs gamificados podem gerar sensação de derrota por trabalharem com pontuação e exigirem elevado letramento digital.4747. Dithmer M, Rasmussen JO, Grönvall E, Spindler H, Hansen J, Nielsen G, et al . “The Heart Game”: using gamification as part of a telerehabilitation program for heart patients. Games Health J [Internet]. 2016 Feb [cited 2021 Feb 12];5(1):27-33. Available from: Available from: https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001
https://doi.org/10.1089/g4h.2015.0001...

Esta revisão de escopo traz como limitações a inclusão de estudos selecionados em nove bases de dados e portais da saúde, e foram analisados apenas os disponíveis eletronicamente na íntegra, fatores que podem ter limitado o acesso a outros dados relevantes.

CONCLUSÃO

O mapeamento dos aplicativos móveis para o cuidado na IC permitiu evidenciar que, apesar da expansão tecnológica mundial e globalizada, os norte-americanos ainda concentram a maioria dos estudos sobre a temática. Mesmo existindo APPs brasileiros nas principais lojas virtuais (Google play e Apple store), não foi possível localizar, na literatura, pesquisas que descrevam o processo de construção e validação dos aplicativos brasileiros disponíveis nas lojas virtuais. Esse achado é preocupante, pois a criação dessas ferramentas tecnológicas requer etapas definidas e estruturadas de forma adequada para que o APP seja útil ao usuário final. Por conseguinte, sobressaíram diferentes referenciais teóricos que orientam a construção de APP, com destaque para o DCU e o Codesign.

Não obstante, os achados evidenciaram pouca quantidade de APPs voltados para familiares e/ou cuidadores de pessoas com IC. Inclusive, apontaram hiatos em diversas temáticas que envolvem o indivíduo e seu entorno, imprescindíveis para o cuidado integral.

Espera-se que, a partir das realidades identificadas e apresentadas ao longo desta revisão, novas pesquisas possam surgir e que sirvam como suporte para conscientização da temática. Almeja-se, ainda, auxiliar na produção de tecnologias baseadas em referenciais teóricos sólidos para, então, reestruturar as práticas de cuidado ao paciente com IC

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Editado por

EDITORES

Editores Associados: Gisele Cristina Manfrini, Monica Motta Lino. Editor-chefe: Roberta Costa

Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    06 Maio 2022
  • Data do Fascículo
    2022

Histórico

  • Recebido
    10 Jun 2021
  • Aceito
    19 Ago 2021
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