Avaliação de adsorventes sólidos para determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados na atmosfera marinha

Montone, Rosalinda Carmela; Weber, Rolf Roland

doi:10.1590/S0373-55241991000100006

Resumos

Um sistema de amostragem foi desenvolvido para ser usado em áreas costeiras e a bordo de embarcações oceanográficas para a determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) na atmosfera. Este sistema baseia-se na pré-concentração em adsorventes sólidos. Foram usados Florosil, Resina XAD-2 e espuma de poliuretano (EPU). A eficiência de amostragens para estes adsorventes foi de 16-118% (florosil), 41-131% (XAD-2) e 66-112 (EPU), para os compostos organoclorados analisados.

Pesticidas organoclorados; Adsorção; PCB; Poluição do ar; Amostragem do ar; Interação ar-mar

A sampling system was developed to be used in coastal areas and on board of océanographie vessels for the determination of chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in the atmosphere. The basis of the system is the pre-concentration step on solid adsorbents. Florisil, XAD-2 resin and polyurethane foam (PUF) were tested. The sampling efficiency presented variations between 16-118% (florisil), 41131% (XAD-2) and 66-122% (PUF) depending on the organochlorine compound.

Organochlorinated pesticides; Adsorption; PCB; Air pollution; Air sampling; Air-sea interaction

ARTIGOS

Avaliação de adsorventes sólidos para determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados na atmosfera marinha

Evaluatlon of solid adsorbents for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyis analysis in the marine atmosphere

Rosalinda Carmela Montone; Rolf Roland Weber

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (Caixa Postal 9075, 01051 São Paulo, SP)

RESUMO

Um sistema de amostragem foi desenvolvido para ser usado em áreas costeiras e a bordo de embarcações oceanográficas para a determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) na atmosfera. Este sistema baseia-se na pré-concentração em adsorventes sólidos. Foram usados Florosil, Resina XAD-2 e espuma de poliuretano (EPU). A eficiência de amostragens para estes adsorventes foi de 16-118% (florosil), 41-131% (XAD-2) e 66-112 (EPU), para os compostos organoclorados analisados.

Descritores: Pesticidas organoclorados, Adsorção, PCB, Poluição do ar, Amostragem do ar, Interação ar-mar.

ABSTRACT

A sampling system was developed to be used in coastal areas and on board of océanographie vessels for the determination of chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in the atmosphere. The basis of the system is the pre-concentration step on solid adsorbents. Florisil, XAD-2 resin and polyurethane foam (PUF) were tested. The sampling efficiency presented variations between 16-118% (florisil), 41131% (XAD-2) and 66-122% (PUF) depending on the organochlorine compound.

Descriptors: Organochlorinated pesticides, Adsorption, PCB, Air pollution, Air sampling, Air-sea interaction.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Referências bibliográficas

ADAMS, J.D. & CARO, J.H. 1980. Polyurethane foam as a trapping agent for airborne pesticides. EPA600/4-80-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

ATLAS, E. & GIAM, C. S. 1986. Sea-air exchange of high-molecular weight synthetic organic compounds. In: Buat- Ménard, P., ed. The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling. Dordrecht, D.Reidel. p. 295-329.

BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1985. High-volume collection of organic vapors using adsorbents. In: Trace analysis. New York, Academic Press, v. 4, p. 51-100.

______; CHRISTENSEN, E. J.; BILLINGS, W. N. & LEONARD, R. 1981. Atmospheric transport of organochlorines in the North Atlantic gyre. J. mar. Res., 39(3):443-464.

______ & LEONARD, R. 1982. Aerial transport of pesticides over the northern Indian Ocean and adjacent seas. Atmos. Environ., 16(5):1099-1107.

______ & OLNEY, C. E. 1974. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Sargasso Sea atmosphere and surface water. Science, N.Y., 183:516-518.

BILLINGS, W. N. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1983. High volume collection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in urban air using three solid adsorbents. Atmos. Environ., 17(2):383-391.

DAWSON, R. & RILEY, J. P. 1977. Chlorine contaning pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in British coastal waters. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 5(1):55-71.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA), 1980. Analysis of pesticides residues in human and environmental samples, section 8A, 8B, Sampling of pesticides in air. EPA-600/8-80-038.

GIAM, C. S.; ATLAS, E. L.; CHAN, H.S.&NEFF, G. S. 1980. Phthalate esters, PCB and DDT residues in the Gulf of Mexico atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 14:65-69.

______; CHAN, H. S.; NEFF, G. S. & ATLAS, E. L. 1978. Phthalate esters plasticizers: a new class of marine pollutant. Science, N.Y., 299:419-421.

LAMB, S. I.; PETROWSKI, C; KAPLAN, I. R. & SIMONEIT, B. R. I. 1980. Organic compounds in urban atmosphere: a review of distribution, collection, and analysis. J. Air. Pollut. Control Ass., 30:1098.

LEWIS, R. G. 1976. Sampling and analysis of airbone pesticides. In: Lewis, R. G. & Lee, R. E., eds Air pollution and agriculture process. Cleveland, CRC Press, p. 51.

______ & JACKSON, M.D. 1982, Modification and evaluation of a high-volume air sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals. Analyt. Chem., 54:592-594.

LEWIS, R. G. & MacLeod, K. E. 1982. Portable sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals in air. Analyt. Chem., 54:310-315.

MONTONE, R. C. 1987. Hidrocarbonetos dorados no litoral do Estado de São Paulo. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico. 102p.

RICE, C. P.; OLNEY, C. E. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1977. Use of polyurethane foam to collect trace amounts of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other organics form air. Spec. Environ. Rep. Wld. met. Org., (10):216-224. WMO-400.

RIGGIN, R. M. 1984. Compendium of methods for the determination of toxic compounds in ambient air. EPA/4-84-041. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

SIMONEIT, B. R. T. & MAZURECK, M. A. 1981. Air pollution: the organic compounds. CRC critical Rev. environ. Control, 11:219.

TANABE, S.; KAWANO, M. & TATSUKAWA, R. 1982a. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Antarctic, Western Pacific and Eastern Indian oceans. Trans. Tokyo Univ. Fish., (5):97-109.

______ & TATSUKAWA, R. 1980. Chlorinated hydrocarbonsrin the North Pacific and Indian oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 36:217-226.

______ & ______ 1983. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Southern Ocean. Mem. natn. Inst, polar Res., Spec, issue, 27:64-76.

______; KAWANO, M. & HEDAKA, H. 1982b. Global distribution and atmospheric transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons: HCH(BHC) isomers and DDT compounds in the Western Pacific, Eastern Indian and Antarctic oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 38:137-148.

VAN DYK, L. P. & VISWESWARIAH, K. 1975. Pesticides in air: sampling methods. Residue Rev., (55):91-134.

WHEATLEY, G. A. 1973. Pesticides in the atmosphere. In: Edwards, C. A., ed. Environmental pollution by pesticides. London, Plenum Press, p. 365-408.

WOODWELL, G. M.; GRAIG, P. P. & JOHNSON, H. A. 1971. DDT in the biosphere: where does it go? Science, N.Y,, (174):1101-1107.

(Recebido em 16-05-90; aceito em 15-08-91)

ADAMS, J.D. & CARO, J.H. 1980. Polyurethane foam as a trapping agent for airborne pesticides. EPA600/4-80-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
ATLAS, E. & GIAM, C. S. 1986. Sea-air exchange of high-molecular weight synthetic organic compounds. In: Buat- Ménard, P., ed. The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling. Dordrecht, D.Reidel. p. 295-329.
BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1985. High-volume collection of organic vapors using adsorbents. In: Trace analysis. New York, Academic Press, v. 4, p. 51-100.
______; CHRISTENSEN, E. J.; BILLINGS, W. N. & LEONARD, R. 1981. Atmospheric transport of organochlorines in the North Atlantic gyre. J. mar. Res., 39(3):443-464.
______ & LEONARD, R. 1982. Aerial transport of pesticides over the northern Indian Ocean and adjacent seas. Atmos. Environ., 16(5):1099-1107.
______ & OLNEY, C. E. 1974. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Sargasso Sea atmosphere and surface water. Science, N.Y., 183:516-518.
BILLINGS, W. N. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1983. High volume collection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in urban air using three solid adsorbents. Atmos. Environ., 17(2):383-391.
DAWSON, R. & RILEY, J. P. 1977. Chlorine contaning pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in British coastal waters. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 5(1):55-71.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA), 1980. Analysis of pesticides residues in human and environmental samples, section 8A, 8B, Sampling of pesticides in air. EPA-600/8-80-038.
GIAM, C. S.; ATLAS, E. L.; CHAN, H.S.&NEFF, G. S. 1980. Phthalate esters, PCB and DDT residues in the Gulf of Mexico atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 14:65-69.
______; CHAN, H. S.; NEFF, G. S. & ATLAS, E. L. 1978. Phthalate esters plasticizers: a new class of marine pollutant. Science, N.Y., 299:419-421.
LAMB, S. I.; PETROWSKI, C; KAPLAN, I. R. & SIMONEIT, B. R. I. 1980. Organic compounds in urban atmosphere: a review of distribution, collection, and analysis. J. Air. Pollut. Control Ass., 30:1098.
LEWIS, R. G. 1976. Sampling and analysis of airbone pesticides. In: Lewis, R. G. & Lee, R. E., eds Air pollution and agriculture process. Cleveland, CRC Press, p. 51.
______ & JACKSON, M.D. 1982, Modification and evaluation of a high-volume air sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals. Analyt. Chem., 54:592-594.
LEWIS, R. G. & MacLeod, K. E. 1982. Portable sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals in air. Analyt. Chem., 54:310-315.
MONTONE, R. C. 1987. Hidrocarbonetos dorados no litoral do Estado de São Paulo. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico. 102p.
RICE, C. P.; OLNEY, C. E. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1977. Use of polyurethane foam to collect trace amounts of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other organics form air. Spec. Environ. Rep. Wld. met. Org., (10):216-224. WMO-400.
RIGGIN, R. M. 1984. Compendium of methods for the determination of toxic compounds in ambient air. EPA/4-84-041. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
SIMONEIT, B. R. T. & MAZURECK, M. A. 1981. Air pollution: the organic compounds. CRC critical Rev. environ. Control, 11:219.
TANABE, S.; KAWANO, M. & TATSUKAWA, R. 1982a. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Antarctic, Western Pacific and Eastern Indian oceans. Trans. Tokyo Univ. Fish., (5):97-109.
______ & TATSUKAWA, R. 1980. Chlorinated hydrocarbonsrin the North Pacific and Indian oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 36:217-226.
______ & ______ 1983. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Southern Ocean. Mem. natn. Inst, polar Res., Spec, issue, 27:64-76.
______; KAWANO, M. & HEDAKA, H. 1982b. Global distribution and atmospheric transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons: HCH(BHC) isomers and DDT compounds in the Western Pacific, Eastern Indian and Antarctic oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 38:137-148.
VAN DYK, L. P. & VISWESWARIAH, K. 1975. Pesticides in air: sampling methods. Residue Rev., (55):91-134.
WHEATLEY, G. A. 1973. Pesticides in the atmosphere. In: Edwards, C. A., ed. Environmental pollution by pesticides. London, Plenum Press, p. 365-408.
WOODWELL, G. M.; GRAIG, P. P. & JOHNSON, H. A. 1971. DDT in the biosphere: where does it go? Science, N.Y,, (174):1101-1107.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
15 Maio 2012
Data do Fascículo
1991

Histórico

Recebido
16 Maio 1990
Aceito
15 Ago 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ADAMS, J.D. & CARO, J.H. 1980. Polyurethane foam as a trapping agent for airborne pesticides. EPA600/4-80-008. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

[2] ATLAS, E. & GIAM, C. S. 1986. Sea-air exchange of high-molecular weight synthetic organic compounds. In: Buat- Ménard, P., ed. The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling. Dordrecht, D.Reidel. p. 295-329.

[3] BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1985. High-volume collection of organic vapors using adsorbents. In: Trace analysis. New York, Academic Press, v. 4, p. 51-100.

[4] ______; CHRISTENSEN, E. J.; BILLINGS, W. N. & LEONARD, R. 1981. Atmospheric transport of organochlorines in the North Atlantic gyre. J. mar. Res., 39(3):443-464.

[5] ______ & LEONARD, R. 1982. Aerial transport of pesticides over the northern Indian Ocean and adjacent seas. Atmos. Environ., 16(5):1099-1107.

[6] ______ & OLNEY, C. E. 1974. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Sargasso Sea atmosphere and surface water. Science, N.Y., 183:516-518.

[7] BILLINGS, W. N. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1983. High volume collection of chlorinated hydrocarbons in urban air using three solid adsorbents. Atmos. Environ., 17(2):383-391.

[8] DAWSON, R. & RILEY, J. P. 1977. Chlorine contaning pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in British coastal waters. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 5(1):55-71.

[9] ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA), 1980. Analysis of pesticides residues in human and environmental samples, section 8A, 8B, Sampling of pesticides in air. EPA-600/8-80-038.

[10] GIAM, C. S.; ATLAS, E. L.; CHAN, H.S.&NEFF, G. S. 1980. Phthalate esters, PCB and DDT residues in the Gulf of Mexico atmosphere. Atmos. Environ., 14:65-69.

[11] ______; CHAN, H. S.; NEFF, G. S. & ATLAS, E. L. 1978. Phthalate esters plasticizers: a new class of marine pollutant. Science, N.Y., 299:419-421.

[12] LAMB, S. I.; PETROWSKI, C; KAPLAN, I. R. & SIMONEIT, B. R. I. 1980. Organic compounds in urban atmosphere: a review of distribution, collection, and analysis. J. Air. Pollut. Control Ass., 30:1098.

[13] LEWIS, R. G. 1976. Sampling and analysis of airbone pesticides. In: Lewis, R. G. & Lee, R. E., eds Air pollution and agriculture process. Cleveland, CRC Press, p. 51.

[14] ______ & JACKSON, M.D. 1982, Modification and evaluation of a high-volume air sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals. Analyt. Chem., 54:592-594.

[15] LEWIS, R. G. & MacLeod, K. E. 1982. Portable sampler for pesticides and semivolatile industrial organic chemicals in air. Analyt. Chem., 54:310-315.

[16] MONTONE, R. C. 1987. Hidrocarbonetos dorados no litoral do Estado de São Paulo. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico. 102p.

[17] RICE, C. P.; OLNEY, C. E. & BIDLEMAN, T. F. 1977. Use of polyurethane foam to collect trace amounts of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other organics form air. Spec. Environ. Rep. Wld. met. Org., (10):216-224. WMO-400.

[18] RIGGIN, R. M. 1984. Compendium of methods for the determination of toxic compounds in ambient air. EPA/4-84-041. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

[19] SIMONEIT, B. R. T. & MAZURECK, M. A. 1981. Air pollution: the organic compounds. CRC critical Rev. environ. Control, 11:219.

[20] TANABE, S.; KAWANO, M. & TATSUKAWA, R. 1982a. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Antarctic, Western Pacific and Eastern Indian oceans. Trans. Tokyo Univ. Fish., (5):97-109.

[21] ______ & TATSUKAWA, R. 1980. Chlorinated hydrocarbonsrin the North Pacific and Indian oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 36:217-226.

[22] ______ & ______ 1983. Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the Southern Ocean. Mem. natn. Inst, polar Res., Spec, issue, 27:64-76.

[23] ______; KAWANO, M. & HEDAKA, H. 1982b. Global distribution and atmospheric transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons: HCH(BHC) isomers and DDT compounds in the Western Pacific, Eastern Indian and Antarctic oceans. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan, 38:137-148.

[24] VAN DYK, L. P. & VISWESWARIAH, K. 1975. Pesticides in air: sampling methods. Residue Rev., (55):91-134.

[25] WHEATLEY, G. A. 1973. Pesticides in the atmosphere. In: Edwards, C. A., ed. Environmental pollution by pesticides. London, Plenum Press, p. 365-408.

[26] WOODWELL, G. M.; GRAIG, P. P. & JOHNSON, H. A. 1971. DDT in the biosphere: where does it go? Science, N.Y,, (174):1101-1107.

Brasil

Brasil

Avaliação de adsorventes sólidos para determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e bifenilos policlorados na atmosfera marinha

Evaluatlon of solid adsorbents for organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyis analysis in the marine atmosphere

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico