Ocupação e neoplasias intracranianas: um estudo caso-controle na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Occupation and brain tumors: a case-control study in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Resumos

Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar desenvolvido na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, entre 1999 e 2002, com o objetivo de estimar a magnitude da associação entre o tempo de atividade econômica e de ocupação referida com o desenvolvimento de neoplasia intracraniana em adultos. Foram coletados dados sobre a história ocupacional de 239 casos e 267 controles. As associações entre atividades econômicas e ocupações e neoplasias cerebrais foram estimadas por regressão logística. Na análise das atividades econômicas encontrou-se razão de chance com significância estatística entre o conjunto de neoplasias intracranianas e agricultura (OR: 2,52; IC95% 1,15-5,53), e entre meningiomas e área de transporte (OR: 3,14; IC95% 1,08-9,19) e bens imóveis (OR: 2,45; IC95% 1,17-5,15); e estimativa de risco não significativo para meningiomas e saúde e social (OR: 3,55; IC95% 0,89-14,16). Já a análise por ocupação apresentou estimativa de risco com significância estatística entre neoplasias intracranianas e agricultores (OR: 2,44; IC95% 1,14-5,18) e entre gliomas e empregados de escritório (OR: 2,33; IC95% 1,02-5,29). Os achados corroboram a hipótese de associação entre atividades econômicas/ocupações e neoplasias intracranianas, demandando pesquisas que identifiquem exposições mais específicas.

neoplasias intracranianas; ocupações; estudos de casos e controles; exposição ocupacional

This is a hospital-based case-control study with the objective of estimating the magnitude of association between the economic activity duration and occupation referred to the development of intracranial neoplasms in adults. We collected data on occupational history of 239 cases and 267 controls. Associations between economic activities and occupations and brain cancers were estimated by logistic regression. In the analysis of economic activities was found odds ratio with statistical significance between the number of brain tumors and Agriculture (OR: 2.52; 95%CI 1.15-5.53), and between meningiomas and transport area (OR: 3.14; 95%CI 1.08-9.19) and real estate (OR: 2.45; 95%CI 1.17-5.15), and risk estimate is not significant for meningiomas and Health and Social (OR: 3.55; 95%CI 0.89-14.16). The analysis by occupation presented risk estimates with statistical significance between brain tumors and farmers (OR: 2.44 95%CI 1.14-5.18) and between gliomas and office employees (OR: 2.33; 95%CI 1.02-5.29). The findings support the hypothesis of an association between economic activities/occupations and intracranial tumors, requiring more research to identify specific exposures.

Neoplasms, Intracranial; occupations; case-control studies; occupational exposure

• ¹
  Wrensch M, Minn Y, Chew T, Bondy M, Berger MS. Epidemiology of primary brain tumors: current concepts and review of the literature. Neuro Oncol. 2002;4(4):278-99.
• ²
  World Health Organization. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Globocan 2008 - estimated cancer incidence, mortality, prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) Worldwide in 2008 [Internet]. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr
  » link
• ⁴
  Monteiro GTR, Koifman S. Mortalidade por tumores de cérebro no Brasil, 1980-1998. Cad Saúde Pública. 2003;19(4):1139-51.
• ⁵
  Wünsch-Filho V, Koifman S. Tumores malignos relacionados ao trabalho. In: Mendes R. Patologia do trabalho. Rio de Janeiro: Atheneu; 2003. p. 989-1040.
• ⁶
  Khuder SA, Mutgi AB, Schaub EA. Meta-analyses of brain cancer and farming. Am J Ind Med. 1998;34(3):252-60.
• ⁷
  Miranda-Filho AL, Monteiro GT, Meyer A. Brain cancer mortality among farm workers of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a population-based case-control study, 1996-2005. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2012;215(5):496-501.
• ⁸
  Alder N, Fenty J, Warren F, Sutton AJ, Rushton L, Jones DR, Abrams KR. Meta-analysis of mortality and cancer incidence among workers in the synthetic rubber-producing industry. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(5):405-20.
• ⁹
  Lewis RJ, Schnatter AR, Drummond I, Murray N, Thompson FS, Katz AM, Jorgensen G, Nicolich MJ, Dahlman D, Thériault G. Mortality and cancer morbidity in a cohort of Canadian petroleum workers. Occup Environ Med. 2003;60(12):918-28.
• ¹⁰
  Krishnan G, Felini M, Carozza SE, Miike R, Chew T, Wrensch M. Occupation and adult gliomas in the San Francisco Bay Area. J Occup Environ Med. 2003;45(6):639-47.
• ¹¹
  Navas-Acién A, Pollán M, Gustavsson P, Plato N. Occupation, exposure to chemicals and risk of gliomas and meningiomas in Sweden. Am J Ind Med. 2002;42(3):214-27.
• ¹²
  Pan SY, Ugnat AM, Mao Y. Occupational risk factors for brain cancer in Canada. J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47(7):704-17.
• ¹³
  Berg G, Spallek J, Schüz J, Schlehofer B, Böhler E, Schlaefer K, Hettinger I, Kunna-Grass K, Wahrendorf J, Blettner M. Occupational exposure to radio frequency/microwave radioation and the risk of brain tumors: Interphone Study Group, Germany. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(6):538-48.
• ¹⁴
  Monteiro GTR. Fatores ambientais associados às neoplasias intracranianas: estudo caso-controle na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro [tese]. Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. FIOCRUZ; 2004.
• ¹⁵
  Nomenclature générale des Activités économiques dans les Communautés Européennes. Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community. Luxembourg: Eurostat, 1996.
• ¹⁶
  International Labour Office (ILO). International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO). Geneva: ILO, 1981.
• ¹⁷
  Schlehofer B, Hettinger I, Ryan P, Blettner M, Preston-Martin S, Little J, Arslan A, Ahlbom A, Giles GG, Howe GR, Ménégoz F, Rodvall Y, Choi WN, Wahrendorf J. Occupational risks factors for low grade and high grade glioma: results from an internacional case control study of adult Brain tumours. Int J Cancer. 2005;113:116-25.
• ¹⁸
  Preston-Martin S, Mack W, Henderson BE. Risk factors for gliomas and meningiomas in males in Los Angeles County. Cancer Res. 1989;49(21):6137-43.
• ¹⁹
  Ménégoz F, Little J, Colonna M, Arslan A, Preston-Martin S, Schlehofer B, Blettner M, Howe GR, Ryan P, Giles GG, Rodvall Y, Choi WN. Contacts with animals and humans as risk factors for adult brain tumours. An international case-control study. Eur J Cancer. 2002;38(5):696-704.
• ²⁰
  Archer GE, Sampson JH, Bigner DD. Viruses and oncogenes in brain tumors. J Neurovirol. 1997;3(Suppl 1):76-7.
• ²¹
  Silva M, Santana VS, Loomis D. Mortalidade por câncer em militares da Marinha do Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública. 2000;34(4):373-9.
• ²²
  LeMasters GK, Genaidy AM, Succop P, Deddens J, Sobeih T, Barriera-Viruet H, Dunning K, Lockey J. Cancer risk among firefighters: a review and meta-analysis of 32 studies. J Occup Environ Med. 2006;48(11):1189-202.
• ²³
  De Roos AJ, Stewart PA, Linet MS, Heineman EF, Dosemeci M, Wilcosky T, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Fine HA, Black PM, Inskip PD. Occupation and the risk of adult glioma in the United States. Cancer Causes Control. 2003;14(2):139-50.
• ²⁴
  Fritschi L, Siemiatycki J, Richardson L. Self-assessed versus expert-assessed occupational exposures. Am J Epidemiol, 1996;144(5):521-7.

Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  15 Ago 2013
• Data do Fascículo
  2012

Histórico

• Recebido
  20 Mar 2012
• Aceito
  20 Jun 2012