Occurrence of the Afro-Asian species Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 (Crustacea: Copepoda) in the Amazon River basin

The cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 is an eurytopic species, with wide range distribution in the African and Asian regions (Van de Velde, 1984; Hribar and Reid, 2008). In the Americas this species has been recorded as an introduced species (Reid and Pinto-Coelho, 1994; Matsumura-Tundisi and Silva, 2002; Suarez-Moralez et al., 1999; Hribar and Reid, 2008). In Brazil, M. ogunnus has been recorded in the Paraná River basin in hydroelectric plant reservoirs and in flood plain areas (Reid and Pinto-Coelho, 1994; Matsumura-Tundisi and Silva, 2002; Lansac-Tôha et al., 2002; Silva, 2011), in the Southeast Atlantic Coast basin in natural lakes of the Rio Doce Valley (Peixoto, et al., 2010) and in the Northeast Atlantic Coast basin in urban reservoirs (Cardôso et al., 2013). The present work records the occurrence of M. ogunnus for the first time in the Amazon River basin.

The sample point (geographic coordinates: 09°56’05” S and 63°04’35” W) is located on the Jamari River (Figure 1), an affluent of the Madeira River in Rondônia State. Sampling was carried out in January/2015 by filtering 100 L of surface water (using a graduated container) through a plankton net with 68µm mesh size and preserved with 8% formaldehyde solution. Identification was made following the diagnosis proposed by Van de Velde (1984) and Matsumura-Tundisi and Silva (2002). The organisms were identified using an optical microscope with an image capture system and drawing was accomplished using TurboCad 6.5 software. The distribution of the species in the Brazilian Hydrographic basins was plotted using data from Reid and Pinto-Coelho (1994), Matsumura-Tundisi and Silva (2002), Lansac-Tôha et al. (2002), Peixoto et al. (2010), Cardôso et al. (2013) and Silva (2003).

Figure 1
Brazilian territory with main hydrographic river basins and the location of the occurrence of Mesocyclops ogunnus in each basin.

Two adults females were found, one dissected (MZUSP 33161) and another preserved (MZUSP 33162). Mean body size was 1.16 mm (Figure 2). Identification was made using the following main differential diagnoses for the M. ogunnus species: longitudinal rows of spines on the frontal side of the basipodite of antenna 2 (Figure 2B), rows of spines on maxillulary palp (Figure 2C), projection on the intercoxal sclerite of leg 4 (Figure 2D), seminal receptacle with lateral arms broad and slightly curved backwards (Figure 2E) and furca naked on the inner margin (Figure 2F).

Figure 2
Mesocyclops ogunnus female: (A) - General aspect; (B) - Antenna 2 (setae: longitudinal spines rows); (C) - Maxillulary palp (setae: rows of spines); (D) - Intercoxal sclerite of leg 4 (setae: projection); (E) - Genital segment (setae: lateral arm of the seminal receptacle); (F) - Caudal rami (setae: naked inner margin). Scale: A = 1000µm; B-F = 100µm.

Figure 1 shows the Brazilian territory with the main hydrographic river basins and the location of M. ogunnus in each basin. In São Paulo State, where introduction occurred towards the end of the 1980s, this species is now widespread in the reservoirs of the Paraná River basin (Matsumura-Tundisi and Silva, 2002) with high abundance and dominance in mesotrophic and eutrophic systems (Silva, 2011). In the Amazonian Jamari River, the sample point where M. ogunnus was found is located upstream of the Samuel Reservoir, where the water presents meso-eutrophic conditions (Matsumura-Tundisi et al., 1991; Nascimento, 2006). With this record in the Amazon River basin, M. ogunnus has now been found in four out of the twelve hydrographic Brazilian basins. This species was probably introduced by human aquiculture activities in the region, where the African fish Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is reared (IBAMA, 2007).

• (With 2 figures)

References

• Cardôso, H.C.B., Ferreira, E.M., SILVA, B.Q. and LOPEZ, L.C.S., 2013. Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro 1957 (Crustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida): first report for northeastern Brazil. CheckList, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1098-1100.
• Hribar, L.J. and Reid, J.W., 2008. New records of copepods (Crustacea) from the Florida keys. Southeastern Naturalist (Steuben, ME), vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 219-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[219:NROCCF]2.0.CO;2
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[219:NROCCF]2.0.CO;2
• INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DO MEIO AMBIENTE E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS RENOVÁVEIS – IBAMA, 2007. Estatísticas da pesca 2007: Brasil e grandes regiões e unidades da federação. Brasília: IBAMA.
• Lansac-Tôha, F.A., Velho, L.F.M., Higuti, J. and Takahashi, E.M., 2002. Cyclopidae (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 125-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842002000100015 PMid:12185912.
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842002000100015
• Matsumura-Tundisi, T. and Silva, W.M., 2002. Occurrence of Onabamiro, 1957 (Copepoda Cyclopoida) in water bodies of São Paulo State, identified as Van de Velde, 1984. Mesocyclops ogunnusMesocyclops kieferiBrazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, vol. 62, no. 4A, pp. 615-620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842002000400009 PMid:12659011.
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842002000400009
• Matsumura-Tundisi, T., Tundisi, J.G., Saggio, A., Oliveira NETO, A.L. and Espíndola, E.G., 1991. Limnology of Samuel Reservoir (Brazil, Rondônia) in the filling phase. Verhandlungen des Internationalen Verein Limnologie, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1482-1488.
• Nascimento, E.L., 2006. Concentração de Mercúrio no plâncton e Fatores ecológicos do Reservatório da U.H.E - Samuel-Amazônia Ocidental (Rondônia/Brasil). Porto Velho: Universidade Federal de Rondônia, 119 p. Dissertação de Mestrado em desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente.
• Peixoto, R.S., Brandão, L.P.M., Valadares, C.F. and Barbosa, P.M.M., 2010. Occurrence of (Rousselet, 1908) and . Kellicottia bostoniensisMesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 in lakes of the Middle River Doce, MG, BrazilActa Limnologica Brasiliensia, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 356-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X2010000300012
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-975X2010000300012
• Reid, J. and Pinto-Coelho, R.M., 1994. An Afro-Asian Copepod, Mesocyclops ogunnus, found in Brazil: with a new key to the species of in South America and a review of intercontinental introductions of Copepods. MesocyclopsLimnologica, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 359-368.
• Silva, W.M., 2003. Diversidade dos Cyclopoida (Copepoda, Crustacea) de água doce do estado de São Paulo: taxonomia, ecologia e genética. São Carlos: Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 154 p. Tese de Doutorado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais.
• Silva, W.M., 2011. Potential use of Cyclopoida (Crustacean,Copepoda) as trophic state indicators in tropical reservoirs. Oecologia Australis, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 511-521. http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2011.1503.06
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2011.1503.06
• Suarez-Moralez, E., Maclelland, J. and Reid, J., 1999. The planktonic copepods of coastal saline ponds of the Cayman Islands with special reference to the occurrence of Onabamiro, an apparently introduced Afro-Asian cyclopoid. Mesocyclops ogunnusGulf Research Reports, vol. 11, pp. 51-55.
• Van De Velde, I., 1984. Revision of the African species of the genus Sars, 1914 (Copepoda: Cyclopidae). MesocyclopsHydrobiologia, vol. 159, no. 1, pp. 3-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006297
  » http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00006297

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  4 July 2016
• Date of issue
  Jan-Mar 2017

History

• Received
  15 Sept 2015
• Accepted
  12 Jan 2016