Reptiles of the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais state, Brazil

Répteis do município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil

ARTICLES

Reptiles of the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais state, Brazil

Répteis do município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Bernadete Maria de Sousa^I,II,*; Samuel Campos Gomides^I,II; Alexandre de Assis Hudson^I,III; Leonardo Barros Ribeiro^IV; Iara Alves Novelli^II

^IPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Comportamento e Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Campus Universitário, s/n, Martelos, CEP 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

^IILaboratório de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Campus Universitário, s/n, Martelos, CEP 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

^IIIInstituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio, Floresta Nacional de Ritápolis, Rod. BR 494, Ritápolis, CP 77, CEP 36307-970, São João Del Rei, MG, Brazil

^IVColegiado de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Campus Ciências Agrárias, Rod. BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, CEP 56300-990, Petrolina, PE, Brazil

ABSTRACT

The Atlantic Forest of the state of Minas Gerais, as well as the remnants of this domain in the rest of Brazil, suffers a marked reduction in size and anthropogenic alteration. This habitat degradation is directly reflected in the decrease of species richness within these natural environments. In this sense, the inventory of extant species is necessary to understand the species composition of regions under threat. Despite the great richness of existing reptile species in Minas Gerais, the level of knowledge about the fauna in this state is considered unsatisfactory and very fragmented. The aim of this study was to record the composition of the reptile fauna of the municipality of Juiz de Fora through the revision of specimens housed at the Herpetological Collection of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CHUFJF-Reptiles) and published papers. Better documentation of the reptilian fauna for the region not only expands the knowledge of the herpetofauna of Minas Gerais, but also contributes to regional conservation planning, such as "Biota Minas" program in the states of the Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 41 reptile species (two freshwater turtles, two amphisbaenians, 13 lizards and 24 snakes) belonging to 12 families were recorded. We highlight the record of the freshwater turtle Hydromedusa maximiliani, which is considered a species sensitive to anthropogenic impact and currently is seen only in protected areas in Juiz de Fora, as well as Ecpleopus gaudichaudii, Enyalius brasiliensis, Heterodactylus imbricatus, Placosoma glabellum and Micrurus corallinus, that are dependent on well-preserved forest areas. The reptile composition is more similar to Viçosa and other surrounding regions, despite the presence of many species that are not shared between these locations. This fact demonstrates the importance of the collection in terms of representativeness of the local and regional fauna as well as providing a valuable source of information for future studies of Brazilian herpetofauna in general.

Keywords: testudines, squamata, Atlantic Forest, zona da mata mineira, Minas Gerais.

RESUMO

A Mata Atlântica da Zona da Mata mineira, assim como os remanescentes deste domínio no restante do Brasil, sofre com a acentuada redução de área e antropização dos ambientes naturais. Essa degradação dos habitats reflete diretamente na riqueza de espécies que os compõe. Neste sentido, o inventário das espécies existentes torna-se necessário para conhecer e entender a composição de espécies ao longo deste bioma que é considerado um Hotspot de biodiversidade. Apesar da grande riqueza de espécies de répteis existentes em Minas Gerais, o nível de conhecimento sobre essa fauna no Estado é considerado insatisfatório e muito fragmentado. Nesta perspectiva, pretendeu-se com o presente estudo listar a composição da fauna de répteis do município de Juiz de Fora através de registros contidos na Coleção Herpetológica da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CHUFJF-Répteis) e de trabalhos publicados. Adicionalmente, propõe-se que a composição da fauna reptiliana documentada neste estudo, não apenas amplie o conhecimento sobre a herpetofauna de Minas Gerais, mas que também contribua para o planejamento futuro de projetos de conservação da biodiversidade do Estado, como o programa Biota Minas. Um total de 41 espécies de répteis (duas de cágados, duas de anfisbenas, 13 de lagartos e 24 de serpentes) pertencentes a 12 famílias foi registrado. Destaca-se o registro do cágado Hydromedusa maximiliani, que é considerado sensível aos processos de impacto antrópico e atualmente só é encontrado em áreas protegidas do município, bem como as espécies Ecpleopus gaudichaudii, Enyalius brasiliensis, Heterodactylus imbricatus, Placosoma glabellum e Micrurus corallinus, que são dependentes de habitats florestais pouco impactados. A composição de répteis do município de Juiz de Fora é mais similar à da região de Viçosa e outras regiões circunvizinhas, apesar de apresentar muitas espécies que não são compartilhadas entre essas localidades, o que demonstra a importância da coleção em termos de representatividade da fauna local e regional, além de ser uma fonte inestimável de informações para estudos que abranjam a herpetofauna brasileira.

Palavras-chave: testudines, squamata, Mata Atlântica, zona da mata mineira, Minas Gerais.

Introduction

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is considered one of the most important "hotspots" on the planet in terms of biodiversity, which means that it is a place with high concentration of endemic species, but one that is suffering an accelerated process of degradation and loss of habitat (Myers et al. 2000, Mittermeier et al. 2004). Most of the remaining Brazilian Atlantic Forest is in the form of small fragments, which are mostly embedded in arrays of pastures and urban areas and suffer from all kinds of anthropic intervention (Ribeiro et al. 2009b).

The main factor indicated for the 82% decline of threatened fauna in Minas Gerais is the loss of habitat, and approximately 60% of this fauna is associated with the Atlantic Forest (Antonini & Drummond 2006). Analysis of satellite images has shown that the replacement of large areas of forests by farming, infrastructure and urban sprawl continues to occur at an accelerated pace (Antonini & Drummond 2006). The Atlantic Forest originally covered 41% of the surface of the State area and now is restricted to only 4% of this area (Drummond et al. 2009). Although deforestation has fallen 58% in Atlantic Forest area in 2011, about half of 13,300 hectares deforested in this domain is in the state of Minas Gerais state (Instituto... 2012). The Juiz de Fora municipality, which had 16% of the remnants of Atlantic Forest area in 2010, presented a rate of 16% of deforestation between 2008 and 2010 (Fundação... 2011). The Atlantic Forest domain in Minas Gerais state had only 5 to 6% native forest in the 1980s according to Fonseca (1985). Currently, many typical forest species in this region are restricted to only a few conservation units or remnants (Bertoluci 1998) and much of the local biodiversity is unlikely to still exist in the region (e.g., Ribon et al. 2003) as a result of this high degree of devastation.

Although Minas Gerais harbors 32% of the total richness of existing reptiles in Brazil (Bérnils et al. 2009), the level of knowledge about the reptilian fauna in the state is still unsatisfactory and very fragmented (Drummond et al. 2005). Studies that characterize the composition of reptiles in Minas Gerais are scarce, and there is little information on the biology and current state of conservation of this group (Brites & Bauab 1988, Assis 1999, Feio & Caramaschi 2002, Recoder & Nogueira 2007, Bertoluci et al. 2009, Costa et al. 2009, 2010, Palmuti et al. 2009, São Pedro & Pires 2009, Sousa et al. 2010). This lack of information on the reptile fauna of Minas Gerais consequently hinders the establishment of conservation areas that can preserve the herpetofauna (Drummond et al. 2005).

In this respect, our aim here is to record the composition of the reptile fauna of the municipality of Juiz de Fora using data from the Herpetological Collection of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora and published works, aiming to increase knowledge of the herpetofauna of Minas Gerais and to contribute to the planning and development of projects for biodiversity conservation in the state.

Materials and Methods

1. Study area

The study was conducted in the municipality of Juiz de Fora (21º 41' 20" S and 43º 20' 40" W) in the Atlantic Forest zone of the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, which is part of the Atlantic Forest morphoclimatic domain (Figure 1). The climate is Cwa type on the Köppen scale ("tropical de altitude") with two defined seasons: a hot and rainy summer (October to April) and a cooler and dryer winter (May to September). The average annual rainfall is 1,536 mm and average annual temperatures is 19.4 ºC. The hottest month is February, averaging close to 23.6 ºC, and the coldest months are July and August, with an average of 15.8 ºC (Juiz de Fora 2004). Forest fragments in Juiz de Fora are classified as semi deciduous forest, and the matrix is composed primarily of urban areas and pastures, with elevation ranging from 467 to 1,104 m (Pifano et al. 2007).

2. Data collection

The data on the reptile fauna of Juiz de Fora in this study come from specimens deposited in the Herpetological Collection of Juiz de Fora Federal University (CHUFJF-Reptiles). These specimens were collected in urban and rural areas of the city between 2000 and 2011, mainly by university researchers, although some were delivered by the public or sent by public agencies. We also gathered secondary data from the literature. However, we have only included specimens for which we could confirm locality data.

Taxonomic and systematic discussions are continually changing the classification of some groups of herpetofauna, due to the use of modern techniques relying on molecular data to complement the traditional method of using morphological characters. This has generated a series of discussions and has clarified many questions about the taxonomy of various species (e.g., Di-Bernardo 1992, Wüster et al. 2002, Schargel et al. 2005, Curcio et al. 2009, Fenwick et al. 2009, Hoser 2009, Zaher et al. 2009, Vidal et al. 2010). To standardize the results, here we used the taxonomy recommended by the Brazilian Society of Herpetology (Bérnils & Costa 2011), and some updates provided by Carrasco et al. (2012) and Ribeiro et al. (2011).

To compare the reptilian fauna of Juiz de Fora with other remnant Atlantic Forest areas in Minas Gerais, we used the works of Feio & Caramaschi (2002), Palmuti et al. (2009), Costa et al. (2009, 2010) and Gomides & Sousa (in press). We also included in the analysis work done in transitional areas between Cerrado (savanna) and Atlantic Forest domains, as reported by Bertoluci et al. (2009); São Pedro & Pires (2009) in a transition area with the occurrence of Campos Rupestres formation, and in a transition area in Campos das Vertentes region (Sousa et al. 2010). In addition, we included data from Recoder & Nogueira (2007) for a Cerrado area of the state (Table 2).

The reptilian fauna composition was analyzed and compared by applying the Jaccard similarity coefficient (Magurran 1988) and subsequent cluster analysis by the unweighted average method (UPGMA) (Krebs 1999). To evaluate the loss of information in the construction of dendrograms, we calculated the cophenetic correlation coefficient (r) (Romesburg 1984), obtained by correlating the original similarity matrix with the matrix obtained from the dendrogram, and the value of r > 0.9 was considered a very good fit, 0.8 < r < 0.9 was considered a good fit, 0.7 < r < 0.8 was considered a poor fit and r < 0.7 was considered a very poor fit.

The data were compiled into a binary matrix representing the presence/absence of 123 species. To minimize taxonomic problems among the original lists, were removed from the matrix the species with uncertain identification (e.g., "gr." and "aff.") or without specific identification (e.g., "sp."), due to the impossibility of examining the all voucher specimens from other authors. The species cited as "cf." by other authors were kept. The species recorded through secondary means (such as photographs, were not counted).

Results

In total we recorded 41 species of reptiles (two freshwater turtles, two amphisbaenians, 13 lizards and 24 snakes) belonging to 12 families. Of these, 36 were deposited in the CHUFJF. Only one family of turtle was recorded (Chelidae), with two species, and only two species of Amphisbaenia. For the lizards, there were 13 species in seven families included. Finally, there were 24 species of snakes, belonging to three families (Table 1).

The similarity dendrogram (cophenetic correlation coefficient = 0.9088) (Figure 2) showed that the reptile fauna of Juiz de Fora is more similar to the region of Viçosa (Costa et al. 2009, 2010). These two locations have in common 30 species, and in contrast, 41 different species, which helps to confirm the high diversity between the regions of the state of Minas Gerais, which provides a high gamma diversity for the state as a whole. The other regions showed low similarity in species composition. Areas less similar in the present study, as one would expect, are the northern localities in the state, one of which is a typical Cerrado area.

Discussion

The number of reptile species recorded in this work represents 18.5% of the total estimate for the state of Minas Gerais according to Bérnils et al. (2009), and about 5.7% of the Brazilian reptile fauna (Bérnils & Costa 2011). We recorded in Juiz de Fora, 17.2% of the known snake fauna in Minas Gerais, and for lizards, 22.8% of the total richness in Minas Gerais (Bérnils et al. 2009). These numbers are relevant, since "Zona da Mata" region is in an advanced devastation situation and very few natural areas still exist to house the native fauna.

However, the list presented here is likely underestimated, since many species expected to occur in the region were not recorded, and we expect that, with additional sampling efforts directed mainly at cryptic species such as fossorial snakes and amphisbaenians, this list will increase. Another fact that must be taken into consideration is the time of operation of the CHUFJF-Reptile collection (active since 2000), making this collection much more recent than that of the João Moojen Zoology Museum (in operation since 1933) in Viçosa, for example. The latter is an important source of information on regional diversity, since the region is under represented in other Brazilian reference collections (Costa et al. 2010), such as the herpetological collections of the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro Federal University and the Zoology Museum of the University of São Paulo, which are the largest collections of reptiles in the Neotropical Region (South America and Central America). These facts demonstrate the importance of regional collections, and highlight how the reptilian fauna of the CHUFJF-Reptiles can be representative of local, regional and even national levels.

The area whose species composition is most similar to that of Juiz de Fora is the municipality of Viçosa and its surrounding area. This result is expected given the similarity between the vegetation cover and geographical proximity between the two municipalities (approximately 120 km). Nevertheless, there is a high rate of species substitution between these two cities, emphasizing the heterogeneity of species composition of "Zona da Mata" region and highlighting Minas Gerais biodiversity. However, other areas such as the transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest also have some similarity because of the occurrence of widespread species shared between the two regions. The information about the geographical distribution and biology of the reptile species recorded for Juiz de Fora in the Herpetological Collection of Juiz de Fora Federal University (CHUFJF-Reptiles) is listed in Tables 1 and 2. Relevant information of the local fauna is summarized and presented below.

TESTUDINES

Hydromedusa maximiliani (Figure 3a) is classified as Near Threatened by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) (Rodrigues 2005) and as vulnerable by the IUCN (International... 2011). In Juiz de Fora it is found in streams and backwaters of some protected and well-preserved forested areas, and so far has not been found in open or disturbed areas, highlighting the importance of conservation of remnant vegetation in the municipality. Phrynops geoffroanus (Figure 3b) is found in Juiz de Fora in natural and disturbed environments, such as reservoirs, and also in the Paraibuna River, which crosses the city and is highly polluted.

 

SQUAMATA - AMPHISBAENIA

Amphisbaena cf. alba has been recorded for the city, but has no representative in CHUFJ-Reptiles, with records for the municipality of Viçosa (Costa et al. 2009). Amphisbaenids, being fossorial species, are usually recorded opportunistically. In this case, we have only one specimen photographed. Leposternon microcephalum is the most common amphisbaenid found in the municipality of Juiz de Fora. In Minas Gerais, it was also reported by Costa et al. (2009) for the Atlantic Forest area of Viçosa.

SQUAMATA - LIZARDS

The species Enyalius bilineatus was recorded in preserved areas of the Peti Environmental Station in Minas Gerais state (Bertoluci et al. 2009). There are additional records for areas of disturbed and regenerating forest in Viçosa (Costa et al. 2009). In Juiz de Fora, E. bilineatus is found mainly in forest borders and urban forest fragments (Gomides et al. 2010). Enyalius brasiliensis (Figure 3c) is a rare species in Juiz de Fora, found only in a particular property of forest fragment well preserved of 370 hectares (Gomides et al. 2010). Enyalius perditus (Figure 3d) is the most abundant lizard species in urban forest fragments in Juiz de Fora (Sousa, personal observation), occurring only in small forest fragments (80 to 400 ha) which have suffered human impacts (portions of grazing areas in regeneration). In São Paulo, the species is sensitive to forest fragmentation but seems to tolerate disturbed environments (Dixo & Metzger 2009). Urostrophus vautieri (Figure 3e) is a lizard that in Juiz de Fora can be found on the university campus (Ribeiro & Sousa 2006) and in other fragments of Atlantic Forest.

Tropidurus torquatus (Figure 3f) is the most abundant lizard species in open areas, often found in rocky outcrops in rural areas and Hemidactylus mabouia, is also a species very common in Juiz de Fora. However, there are no records of this species in natural areas, only in the urban area.

Ophiodes striatus (Figure 3g) is a limbless lizard very common that occurs in Juiz de Fora, both in disturbed areas and preserved ones, such as the campus of Juiz de Fora Federal University. As indicated by Martins (1998), a taxonomic revision was necessary for the genus, but despite this statement, the corresponding data for revision were not published

Tupinambis merianae (Figure 3h) is a large sized species of lizard very common in Juiz de Fora, that is listed as vulnerable in Appendix II of CITES because it is targeted by hunters because mainly of their skin value (Mieres & Fitzgerald 2006). This happens in the Atlantic Forest zone of the state of Minas Gerais, where it is used also as food in rural areas (Sousa, personal observation).

Ecpleopus gaudichaudii (Figure 3i) is a small gymnophthalmid lizard that has a wide distribution in the Atlantic Forest. It is relatively common species although not easily seen because of its cryptozoic habits and small size (Condez et al. 2009). Several specimens were captured in pitfall and funnel traps installed in forest fragments in Juiz de Fora. Heterodactylus imbricatus is also gymnophthalmid lizard with cryptozoic habits, living in forest litter. It can be considered rare in the forest habitats sampled in Juiz de Fora, as only one specimen from Juiz de Fora has been housed in CHUFJF. Placosoma glabellum (Figure 3j) is a small gymnophthalmid lizard that is very common in Juiz de Fora and is frequently captured in funnel traps installed in forest fragments. However, a specimen was found in a bush a few centimeters from the ground. Contrary to the sympatric microteiides, this species is more scansorial and commonly found on vegetation (Marques & Sazima 2004).

Mabuya dorsivittata (Figure 3k) and Mabuya frenata are scincid lizards that have wide distribution in open areas, both species are uncommon in the samples and the collection.

SQUAMATA - SNAKES

The collection has only one specimen of Chironiusbicarinatus and the occurrence of Chironius exoletus was recorded by CETAS/JF (public agency for the purpose to receive, triage and manage the wild animals rescued or apprehended).

Elapomorphus quinquelineatus (Figure 4a) is a fossorial species that is commonly found in forested and altered environments of Juiz de Fora, with several specimens having been found on the campus of Juiz de Fora Federal University.

 

Erythrolamprus aesculapii (Figure 4b) is a false coral that has wide distribution in the Neotropical region and it is a rare species in Juiz de Fora, found only one specimen in a forest fragment. Oxyrhopus clathratus (Figure 4f) is an endemic species of the Atlantic Forest (Sazima 2001). It inhabits forests and anthropic environments (Morato 2005, Marques et al. 2009), and its occurrence in forested or developed areas in Juiz de Fora is very common. Oxyrhopus guibei (Figure 4g) is very common in open areas and forest borders (Andrade & Silvano 1996) and it often occurs in urban areas. Because of their coloring, these snakes are readily killed by people, who confuse them with the true coral snakes of the genus Micrurus.

Liophis miliaris (Figure 4c), Liophis poecilogyrus (Figure 4d) and Liophis typhlus (Figure 4e) are species widely distributed. Liophis miliaris can even be found near the seashore, foraging in mangroves and along rocky shores (Marques & Souza 1993). It has a complex taxonomic history, with populations from different regions that may represent distinct species, requiring taxonomic revision (Costa et al. 2010). Liophis poecilogyrus has wide distribution, inhabiting forests and anthropogenic areas (Pontes & Rocha 2008). This species needs taxonomic revision to clarify the relationship of the four subspecies (Forlani et al. 2010). Liophis typhlus is a species widely distributed in Brazil in the Atlantic Forest (Marques et al. 2009) and Cerrado (Sousa et al. 2010), even in anthropic environments. In Juiz de Fora, the three Liophis species are commonly found along the banks of water bodies, being L. miliaris the most common and L. typhus the rarest.

Philodryas olfersii (Figure 4h) has widespread distribution throughout South America and possibly represents a complex with more than one cryptic species (Thomas 1976, Forlani et al. 2010). It is considered as potentially causing bites, but since it has opisthoglyphous dentition, poisoning from this species are uncommon (Puorto & França 2003). Philodryas patagoniensis (Figure 4i) in Minas Gerais, has been reported by São Pedro & Pires (2009) in the city of Ouro Branco and by Costa et al. (2010) in a transition area between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in Viçosa (Atlantic Forest area).

Sibynomorphus mikanii (Figure 4j) is common even in urban environments, occurring in places like vacant lots (Brites & Bauab 1988, Barbo 2008, Marques et al. 2009,). Sibynomorphus neuwiedi (Figure 4k) is quite common in southeastern Atlantic Forest areas (Marques et al. 2001). Sibynomorphus neuwiedi is common on the campus of Juiz de Fora Federal University and surrounding neighborhoods and we have only one record of the Sibynomorphus mikanii in the collection.

Spilotes pullatus (Figure 3l) has wide distribution, occurring in forested environments and in open and secondary open areas, to which it appears to be very tolerant (Cunha & Nascimento 1978, Argôlo 2004, Forlani et al. 2010). The various specimens reported in Juiz de Fora were found in forest fragments.

Taeniophallus affinis (Figure 4l), being a cryptozoic snake (Sazima & Haddad 1992, Marques et al. 2001, Pontes & Rocha 2008), is difficultly sighted in field samples, although its occurrence in the forests of Juiz de Fora is common, but not very common in the collection.

Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri (treated as Thamnodynastes sp. in Franco & Ferreira 2002) (Figure 5a) in Minas Gerais is found in transition areas between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest (Bertoluci et al. 2009, Costa et al. 2010), but with only one record in a forest fragment of Juiz de Fora. Tropidodryas striaticeps (Figure 5b) is a semiarboreal species, apparently diurnal snake, in Atlantic coastal regions, ecotonal regions of Atlantic Forest. It is a rare species in Juiz de Fora, with a single record from a well preserved 370 hectares privately owned forest fragment.

 

Xenodon merremii (Figure 5c) is widely distributed, being commonly found in open areas in Juiz de Fora and Xenodon neuwiedii is a species with wide geographical distribution, which mainly inhabits forested. In Juiz de Fora both species are not very common in the collection.

Micrurus corallinus (Figure 5d) is a coral snake that occurs throughout the Atlantic Forest domain (Campbell & Lamar 2004). The only specimen in the CHUFJF-Reptiles Collection was captured in the Lajinha Municipal Park, an urban forest fragment of Juiz de Fora.

Several specimens of Bothrops jararaca (Figure 5e) were captured in the research developed in the municipality of Juiz de Fora on urban forest fragment. It can cause serious accidents due to its abundance and aggressive behavior (Campbell & Lamar 2004). Only one specimen photographed of Bothrops alternatus (Figure 5h) and only one specimen of the Bothrops neuwiedi (Figure 5f) is deposited in the collection.

Crotalus durissus (Figure 5g) is present in cleared rainforest areas due to deforestation (Marques et al. 2001). In Juiz de Fora, in recent years there has been a large increase in reports of C. durissus, causing a reversal in relation to reports of B. jararaca, according to data obtained from CETAS/JF.

The composition of the reptile fauna of the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, showed that many species recorded are typical of open areas (e.g., Tropidurus torquatus, Mabuya dorsivittata, Crotalus durissus and Oxyrhopus guibei). Nevertheless, species that depend on well-preserved forest areas are still present (e.g., Hydromedusa maximiliani, Ecpleopus gaudichaudii, Enyalius brasiliensis, Heterodactylus imbricatus, Placosoma glabellum, Taeniophallus affinis and Micrurus corallinus).

Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri, Tropidodryas striaticeps and Enyalius brasiliensis were the species considered very rare and Elapomorphus quinquelineatus, Sibynomorphus neuwiedi, Bothrops jararaca and Enyalius perditus were the species very common for the municipality of Juiz de Fora. Finally, in addition to providing data for biogeographic studies of Brazilian herpetofauna, the results documented here can be a source of information for policy makers to make decisions on environmental preservation measures and to help monitor the status of the diversity of reptile fauna in the region.

Acknowledgements

We thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) for grants for scientific initiation and master's study and other financial support; the Agência de Gestão Ambiental de Juiz de Fora (AGENDA-JF) for permission to carry out the work in protected areas of the city (authorization 69995/08); the Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade (SISBIO) for permission to collect and transport specimens for this study (License nº 17074-1); Comitê de Ética em Experimentação Animal da UFJF (Protocol 010/2008 - CEA); and the biologist Dr. Fabiano Matos Vieira for the preparation of photo plates.

Received 15/09/2011

Revised 14/07/2012

Accepted 16/07/2012

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  09 Nov 2012
• Date of issue
  Sept 2012

History

• Received
  15 Sept 2011
• Accepted
  16 July 2012
• Reviewed
  14 July 2012