Prevalence of orofacial alterations in sickle cell disease: a review of literature

Santos, Poliana Ramos Braga; Machado, Paula Dioné Casais e Silva; Passos, Cristina Pinho; Aguiar, Marcio Cajazeira; Nascimento, Roberto José Meyer; Campos, Maria Isabela Guimarães

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the manifestations of sickle cell disease on the orofacial complex through a review of current literature concerning prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, temporomandibular joint disorders and radiographic alterations of maxillofacial bones. METHODS: Full-text papers retrieved from MEDLINE and LILACS electronic databases were critically reviewed. RESULTS: Alterations of maxillofacial bones are well documented in the literature, but studies reporting caries, periodontal condition and temporomandibular joint alterations in are scarce and inconclusive. CONCLUSION: Further well-designed epidemiological studies are needed to indicate the real impact of this disease on the stomatognathic health, collaborating to improve public health policies.

sickle cell anemia; hemoglobin C disease; dental caries; periodontal diseases; temporomandibular joint; diagnostic X-ray

¹
Steinberg MH. Pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1998;11:163-184.
²
da Fonseca M, Oueis HS, Casamassimo PS. Sickle cell anemia: a review for the pediatric dentist. Pediatr Dent. 2007;29:159-69.
³
Pauling L, Itano HA, Singer SJ, Wells, IC. Sickle cell anemia a molecular disease. Science. 1949;110:543-8.
⁴
Nagel RL, Fabry ME, Steinberg MH. The paradox of hemoglobin SC disease. Blood Rev. 2003;17:167–178.
⁵
Creary M, Williamson D, Kulkarni R. Sickle cell disease: current activities, public health implications, and future directions. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007;16:575-82.
⁶
Ministry of Health. Secretary of Attention to Health. Manual of Oral Health in sickle cell disease. Brasilia: Ministry of Health, 2005. 52 p.
⁷
Stuart MJ, Nagel RL. Sickle-cell disease. Lancet. 2004;364:1343-60.
⁸
Kelleher M, Bishop K, Briggs P. Oral complications associated with sickle cell anemia: a review and case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;82:225-8.
⁹
Ramakrishna Y. Dental considerations in the management of children suffering from sickle cell disease: a case report. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007;25:140-3.
¹⁰
Serjeant GR. Sickle-cell disease. Lancet. 1997;350:725-30.
¹¹
Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Steinberg MH. Deconstructing sickle cell disease: Reappraisalof the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes. Blood Rev. 2007;21:37-47.
¹²
Steinberg MH, Adewoye AH. Modifier genes and sickle cell anemia. Curr Opin Hematol. 2006;13:131-136.
¹³
Orkin SH, Higgs DR. Sickle cell disease at 100 years. Science. 2010;329:291-292.
¹⁴
Okafor LA, Nonnoo DC, Ojehanon PI, Aikhionbare O. Oral and dental complications of sickle cell disease in Nigerians. Angiology. 1986;37:672-5.
¹⁵
Laurence B, Reid BC, Katz RV. Sickle cell anemia and dental caries: a literature review and pilot study. Spec Care Dentist. 2002;22:70-4.
¹⁶
Luna AC, Rodrigues MJ, Menezes VA, Marques KM, Santos FA. Caries prevalence and socioeconomic factors in children with sickle cell anemia. Braz Oral Res. 2012; 26:43-9.
¹⁷
Javed F, Correa FO, Nooh N, Almas K, Romanos GE, Al-Hezaimi K. Orofacial manifestations in patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Med Sci. 2013;345:234-7.
¹⁸
Laurence B, George D, Woods D, et al. The association between sickle cell disease and dental caries in African Americans. Spec Care Dentist. 2006;26:95-100.
¹⁹
Fukuda JT, Sonis AL, Platt OS, Kurth S. Acquisition of mutans streptococci and caries prevalence in pediatric sickle cell anemia patients receiving long-term antibiotic therapy. Pediatr Dent. 2005;27:186-90.
²⁰
Passos CP, Santos, PRB, Aguiar MC, Cangussu MCT, Toralles MBP, da Silva M C BO, Nascimento RJM, Campos MI G. Sickle cell disease does not predispose to caries or periodontal disease. Special Care in Dentistry. 2012;32:55–60.
²¹
Arowojolu MO. Periodontal probing depths of adolescent sickle cell anaemic (SCA) Nigerians. J Periodontal. Res 1999;34:62-4.22.
²²
Scipio JE, Al-Bayaty HF, Murti PR, Matthews R. Facial swelling and gingival enlargement in a patient with sickle cell disease. Oral Dis. 2001;7:306-9.
²³
Crawford JM. Periodontal disease in sickle cell disease subjects. J Periodontol. 1988;59:164-9.
²⁴
Arowojolu MO, Savage KO. Alveolar bone patterns in sickle cell anemia and non-sickle cell anemia adolescent Nigerians: a comparative study. J Periodontol. 1997;68:225-8.
²⁵
Guzeldemir E, Toygar HU, Boga C, Cilasun U. Dental and periodontal health status of subjects with sickle cell disease. Journal of Dental Sciences. 2011;6:227-234
²⁶
Aguilar C, Vichinsky E, Neumayr L. Bone and joint disease in sickle cell disease. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2005;19:929-41.
²⁷
el-Sabbagh AM, Kamel M. Avascular necrosis of temporomandibular joint in sickle cell disease. Clin Rheumatol. 1989;8:393-7.
²⁸
Baykul T, Aydin MA, Nasir S. Avascular necrosis of the mandibular condyle causing fibrous ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in sickle cell anemia. J Craniofac Surg. 2004;15:1052-6.
²⁹
Caracas Mda S, Jales SP, Jales Neto LH, da Silva Castro JC, Suganuma LM, Fonseca GH, Gualandro SF, de Siqueira JT. Temporomandibular joint arthritis in sickle cell disease: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013 Feb;115(2):e31-5.30.
³⁰
Yanaguizawa M, Taberner GS, Cardoso FNC, Natour J, Fernandes ARC. Diagnóstico por Imagem na Avaliação da Anemia Falciforme. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2008;48:102-5.
³¹
Kavadia-Tsatala S, Kolokytha O, Kaklamanos EG, Antoniades K, Chasapopoulou E. Mandibular lesions of vasoocclusive origin in sickle cell hemoglobinopathy. Odontology. 2004;92:68-72.
³²
Demirbas AK, Aktener BO, Unsal C. Pulpal necrosis with sickle cell anaemia. Int Endod J. 2004;37:602-6.
³³
Faber TD, Yoon DC, White SC. Fourier analysis reveals increased trabecular spacing in sickle cell anemia. J Dent Res. 2002;81:214-8.
³⁴
Demirbas AK, Ergun S, Guneri P, Aktener BO, Boyacioglu H. Mandibular bone changes in sickle cell anemia: fractal analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:e41-8.
³⁵
Neves FS, de Almeida DA, Oliveira-Santos C, dos Santos JN, Toralles MB, da Silva MC, Campos MI, Crusoé-Rebello I. Radiographic changes of the jaws in HbSS and HbSC genotypes of sickle cell disease. Spec Care Dentist. 2011 Jul-Aug;31(4):129-33
³⁶
Licciardello V, Bertuna G, Samperi P. Craniofacial morphology in patients with sickle cell disease: a cephalometric analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:238-42.
³⁷
Brown DL, Sebes JI. Sickle cell gnathopathy: radiologic assessment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1986;61:653-6.
³⁸
Lawrenz DR. Sickle cell disease: a review and update of current therapy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;57:171-8.
³⁹
Podlesh SW, Boyden DK. Diagnosis of acute bone/bone marrow infarction of the mandible in sickle hemoglobinopathy. Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;81:547-9.
⁴⁰
Hamdoun E, Davis L, McCrary SJ, Eklund NP, Evans OB. Bilateral mental nerve neuropathy in an adolescent during sickle cell crises. J Child Neurol. 2012;27:1038-41.
⁴¹
Mendes PH, Fonseca NG, Martelli DR, Bonan PR, de Almeida LK, de Melo LA, Martelli H Jr. Orofacial manifestations in patients with sickle cell anemia. Quintessence Int. 2011;42:701-9.
⁴²
Anand AJ, Glatt AE. Salmonella osteomyelitis and arthritis in sickle cell disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1994;24:211-21.
⁴³
Olaitan AA, Amuda JT, Adekeye EO. Osteomyelitis of the mandible in sickle cell disease. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;35:190-2.
⁴⁴
Royal JE, Harris VJ, Sansi PK. Facial bone infarcts in sickle cell syndromes. Radiology. 1988;169:529-31.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
28 Oct 2013
Date of issue
Sept 2013

History

Received
07 May 2013
Accepted
17 Sept 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] ¹
Steinberg MH. Pathophysiology of sickle cell disease. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1998;11:163-184.

[2] ²
da Fonseca M, Oueis HS, Casamassimo PS. Sickle cell anemia: a review for the pediatric dentist. Pediatr Dent. 2007;29:159-69.

[3] ³
Pauling L, Itano HA, Singer SJ, Wells, IC. Sickle cell anemia a molecular disease. Science. 1949;110:543-8.

[4] ⁴
Nagel RL, Fabry ME, Steinberg MH. The paradox of hemoglobin SC disease. Blood Rev. 2003;17:167–178.

[5] ⁵
Creary M, Williamson D, Kulkarni R. Sickle cell disease: current activities, public health implications, and future directions. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007;16:575-82.

[6] ⁶
Ministry of Health. Secretary of Attention to Health. Manual of Oral Health in sickle cell disease. Brasilia: Ministry of Health, 2005. 52 p.

[7] ⁷
Stuart MJ, Nagel RL. Sickle-cell disease. Lancet. 2004;364:1343-60.

[8] ⁸
Kelleher M, Bishop K, Briggs P. Oral complications associated with sickle cell anemia: a review and case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;82:225-8.

[9] ⁹
Ramakrishna Y. Dental considerations in the management of children suffering from sickle cell disease: a case report. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007;25:140-3.

[10] ¹⁰
Serjeant GR. Sickle-cell disease. Lancet. 1997;350:725-30.

[11] ¹¹
Kato GJ, Gladwin MT, Steinberg MH. Deconstructing sickle cell disease: Reappraisalof the role of hemolysis in the development of clinical subphenotypes. Blood Rev. 2007;21:37-47.

[12] ¹²
Steinberg MH, Adewoye AH. Modifier genes and sickle cell anemia. Curr Opin Hematol. 2006;13:131-136.

[13] ¹³
Orkin SH, Higgs DR. Sickle cell disease at 100 years. Science. 2010;329:291-292.

[14] ¹⁴
Okafor LA, Nonnoo DC, Ojehanon PI, Aikhionbare O. Oral and dental complications of sickle cell disease in Nigerians. Angiology. 1986;37:672-5.

[15] ¹⁵
Laurence B, Reid BC, Katz RV. Sickle cell anemia and dental caries: a literature review and pilot study. Spec Care Dentist. 2002;22:70-4.

[16] ¹⁶
Luna AC, Rodrigues MJ, Menezes VA, Marques KM, Santos FA. Caries prevalence and socioeconomic factors in children with sickle cell anemia. Braz Oral Res. 2012; 26:43-9.

[17] ¹⁷
Javed F, Correa FO, Nooh N, Almas K, Romanos GE, Al-Hezaimi K. Orofacial manifestations in patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Med Sci. 2013;345:234-7.

[18] ¹⁸
Laurence B, George D, Woods D, et al. The association between sickle cell disease and dental caries in African Americans. Spec Care Dentist. 2006;26:95-100.

[19] ¹⁹
Fukuda JT, Sonis AL, Platt OS, Kurth S. Acquisition of mutans streptococci and caries prevalence in pediatric sickle cell anemia patients receiving long-term antibiotic therapy. Pediatr Dent. 2005;27:186-90.

[20] ²⁰
Passos CP, Santos, PRB, Aguiar MC, Cangussu MCT, Toralles MBP, da Silva M C BO, Nascimento RJM, Campos MI G. Sickle cell disease does not predispose to caries or periodontal disease. Special Care in Dentistry. 2012;32:55–60.

[21] ²¹
Arowojolu MO. Periodontal probing depths of adolescent sickle cell anaemic (SCA) Nigerians. J Periodontal. Res 1999;34:62-4.22.

[22] ²²
Scipio JE, Al-Bayaty HF, Murti PR, Matthews R. Facial swelling and gingival enlargement in a patient with sickle cell disease. Oral Dis. 2001;7:306-9.

[23] ²³
Crawford JM. Periodontal disease in sickle cell disease subjects. J Periodontol. 1988;59:164-9.

[24] ²⁴
Arowojolu MO, Savage KO. Alveolar bone patterns in sickle cell anemia and non-sickle cell anemia adolescent Nigerians: a comparative study. J Periodontol. 1997;68:225-8.

[25] ²⁵
Guzeldemir E, Toygar HU, Boga C, Cilasun U. Dental and periodontal health status of subjects with sickle cell disease. Journal of Dental Sciences. 2011;6:227-234

[26] ²⁶
Aguilar C, Vichinsky E, Neumayr L. Bone and joint disease in sickle cell disease. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2005;19:929-41.

[27] ²⁷
el-Sabbagh AM, Kamel M. Avascular necrosis of temporomandibular joint in sickle cell disease. Clin Rheumatol. 1989;8:393-7.

[28] ²⁸
Baykul T, Aydin MA, Nasir S. Avascular necrosis of the mandibular condyle causing fibrous ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in sickle cell anemia. J Craniofac Surg. 2004;15:1052-6.

[29] ²⁹
Caracas Mda S, Jales SP, Jales Neto LH, da Silva Castro JC, Suganuma LM, Fonseca GH, Gualandro SF, de Siqueira JT. Temporomandibular joint arthritis in sickle cell disease: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013 Feb;115(2):e31-5.30.

[30] ³⁰
Yanaguizawa M, Taberner GS, Cardoso FNC, Natour J, Fernandes ARC. Diagnóstico por Imagem na Avaliação da Anemia Falciforme. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2008;48:102-5.

[31] ³¹
Kavadia-Tsatala S, Kolokytha O, Kaklamanos EG, Antoniades K, Chasapopoulou E. Mandibular lesions of vasoocclusive origin in sickle cell hemoglobinopathy. Odontology. 2004;92:68-72.

[32] ³²
Demirbas AK, Aktener BO, Unsal C. Pulpal necrosis with sickle cell anaemia. Int Endod J. 2004;37:602-6.

[33] ³³
Faber TD, Yoon DC, White SC. Fourier analysis reveals increased trabecular spacing in sickle cell anemia. J Dent Res. 2002;81:214-8.

[34] ³⁴
Demirbas AK, Ergun S, Guneri P, Aktener BO, Boyacioglu H. Mandibular bone changes in sickle cell anemia: fractal analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:e41-8.

[35] ³⁵
Neves FS, de Almeida DA, Oliveira-Santos C, dos Santos JN, Toralles MB, da Silva MC, Campos MI, Crusoé-Rebello I. Radiographic changes of the jaws in HbSS and HbSC genotypes of sickle cell disease. Spec Care Dentist. 2011 Jul-Aug;31(4):129-33

[36] ³⁶
Licciardello V, Bertuna G, Samperi P. Craniofacial morphology in patients with sickle cell disease: a cephalometric analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:238-42.

[37] ³⁷
Brown DL, Sebes JI. Sickle cell gnathopathy: radiologic assessment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1986;61:653-6.

[38] ³⁸
Lawrenz DR. Sickle cell disease: a review and update of current therapy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;57:171-8.

[39] ³⁹
Podlesh SW, Boyden DK. Diagnosis of acute bone/bone marrow infarction of the mandible in sickle hemoglobinopathy. Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;81:547-9.

[40] ⁴⁰
Hamdoun E, Davis L, McCrary SJ, Eklund NP, Evans OB. Bilateral mental nerve neuropathy in an adolescent during sickle cell crises. J Child Neurol. 2012;27:1038-41.

[41] ⁴¹
Mendes PH, Fonseca NG, Martelli DR, Bonan PR, de Almeida LK, de Melo LA, Martelli H Jr. Orofacial manifestations in patients with sickle cell anemia. Quintessence Int. 2011;42:701-9.

[42] ⁴²
Anand AJ, Glatt AE. Salmonella osteomyelitis and arthritis in sickle cell disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1994;24:211-21.

[43] ⁴³
Olaitan AA, Amuda JT, Adekeye EO. Osteomyelitis of the mandible in sickle cell disease. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1997;35:190-2.

[44] ⁴⁴
Royal JE, Harris VJ, Sansi PK. Facial bone infarcts in sickle cell syndromes. Radiology. 1988;169:529-31.

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Prevalence of orofacial alterations in sickle cell disease: a review of literature

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Publication Dates

History