Monitoring of the artificial reef fish assemblages of golfe juan marine protected area (France, North-Western Mediterranean)

Abstracts

Artificial reefs were deployed within the Golfe-Juan marine protected area (Alpes-Maritimes coast, France, Northwestern Mediterranean) created in 1981. This no-take area is fully protected since its establishment, except in 2004 when some anthropic activities were, exceptionally, authorized. Moreover, no park rangers to prevent poaching since 2002 occur. In order to carry out a long term monitoring of the artificial reef fish assemblages, underwater visual censuses (UVC) were carried out in 1988, 1998 and 2008, according to a traditional standardized visual census method that taken into account all fish species. The complexification of some large reefs built with wide voide spaces called Bonna reefs appear to be a good solution to increase species richness and density. Species richness and density of the fish assemblages showed significant increase between 1988 and 1998. However the fast increasing was stopped from 1998 and 2008 probably due to a lack of law enforcement and poaching. Despite artificial reefs were deployed in MPA since at least 20 years, they did not show a real positive impact on fish assemblages. These results could be explained (i) by a lack of law enforcement patrol within the protected areas during the last decade, and (ii) by the one-year opening to fishing activities within MPA. The real effectiveness of the artificial reefs in sustaining fish assemblages is discussed and the necessity of a regular and efficient control by park rangers is highlighted.

Artificial reefs; Mediterranean sea; Fish assemblages; MPAs; UVC; Monitoring; Reefs performance

Recifes artificiais foram implantados na área protegida Golfe-Juan (costa dos Alpes-Maritimes, Noroeste do Mediterraneo) criada em 1981. Esta área NTZ (Area de Restrição da Pesca ) é inteiramente protegida, desde seu estabelecimento, exceto em 2004, quando algumas atividades antropicas foram excepcionalmente autorizadas. Além disso, desde 2002, não houve nenhuma patrulha florestal para impedir a caça e pesca ilegais. . A fim realizar um monitoramento a longo prazo das assembléias artificiais dos peixes do recife, recenseamentos visuais subaquáticos (UVC) foram realizados em 1988, 1998 e 2008, de acordo com um método visual tradicional de recenseamento, que leva em consideração todas as espécies de peixes. A complexidade de alguns recifes grandes, construídos com amplos espaços vagos, chamados recifes Bonna parece ser uma boa solução para aumentar a riqueza e a densidade das espécies. A riqueza das espécies e a densidade das assembléias de peixes mostraram um aumento significativo entre 1988 e 1998. Entretanto esse aumento rápido parou entre 1998 e 2008 provavelmente devido à falta da aplicação da lei contra a caça e pesca ilegal. . Apesar dos recifes artificiais terem sido instalados em MPAs pelo menos há 20 anos atrás, eles não apresentaram um impacto positivo real nas assembléias de peixes. Estes resultados podem ser explicados (i) por uma falta de patrulhamento da aplicação da lei dentro das áreas protegidas durante a última década, e (ii) pela abertura de um ano de atividades de pesca dentro das MPAs. A eficiência real dos recifes artificiais para sustentar assembléias de peixes é discutida, destacando-se a necessidade de um controle regular e de um patrulhamento regular e eficiente dos parques.

Recifes artificiais; Mar Mediterrâneo; Assembléias de peixes; MPAs; UVC; Monitoramento; Desempenho recifes

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  11 Oct 2011
• Date of issue
  2011

History

• Received
  18 Feb 2011
• Accepted
  04 June 2011
• Reviewed
  26 June 2011