Effects of organic enrichment on macrofauna community structure: an experimental approach

Riera, Rodrigo; Sacramento, Alicia; Perez, Óscar; Monterroso, Óscar; Ramos, Eva; Rodríguez, Myriam; Almansa, Eduardo

Abstracts

The determination of the resilience of benthic assemblages is a capital issue for the off-shore aquaculture industry in its attempts to minimize environmental disturbances. Experimental studies are an important tool for the establishment of thresholds for macrofaunal assemblages inhabiting sandy seabeds. An experiment was conducted with three treatments (Control, 1x and 3x),in which organic load (fish pellets) was added (1x (10 g of fish pellets) and 3x (30 g)). A reduction in abundance of individuals and species richness was found as between the control and organic-enriched treatments. Significant changes in assemblage structure were also found, mainly due to the decrease of the sensitive tanaid Apseudes talpa in organically-enriched treatments. AMBI and M-AMBI indices were calculated and a decrease of ecological status was observed in treatment 3x.

Finfish aquaculture; Organic enrichment; Mesocosm; Macrofauna; Apseudes talpa

A determinação da resiliência das assembleias bênticas é um assunto fundamental para a indústria da aquicultura de mar aberto como tentativa de minimizar as perturbações ambientais. Estudos experimentais são ferramenta importante para o estabelecimento das linhas de base para as comunidades do fundo oceânico. Nesse sentido, um experimento foi conduzido sob três tratamentos (controle, 1x e 3x), nos quais o aporte orgânico (pelotas fecais de peixes) foi adicionado nas quantidades de 1x (10 g de pelotas fecais) e de 3 vezes (30 g). Os resultados mostram que foi encontrada redução na abundância de indivíduos e também no número de espécies entre o controle e os tratamentos com enriquecimento orgânico. Mudanças significativas na estrutura das assembleias também foram encontradas, principalmente devido ao decréscimo do tanaidáceo sensível Apseudes talpa nos tratamento enriquecidos. Os índices AMBI e M-AMBI foram calculados e um decréscimo do status ecológico foi observado no tratamento 3x.

Aquacultura de mar aberto; Enriquecimento orgânico; Mesocosmo; Macrofauna; Apseudes talpa

APHA. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater 19.ed. Washington: American Public Health Associaton, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation, 1995. 22 p.
BELAN, T.A. Benthos abundance pattern and species composition in conditions of pollution in Amursky Bay (the Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan). Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 46, n. 9, p. 1111-1119, 2003.
BORJA, A.; FRANCO, J.; PEREZ, V.A marine biotic index to establish the ecological quality of soft-bottom benthos within European estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 12, n. 4, p. 1100-1114, 2000.
BORJA, A.; MUXICA, I.; FRANCO, J. The application of a Marine Biotic Index to different impact sources affecting soft-bottom benthic communities along European coasts. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 46, n. 7, p. 835-845, 2003.
BORJA, A.; RODRIGUEZ, J. G.; BLACK, K.; BODOY, A.; EMBLOW, C.; FERNANDES, T. F.; FORTE, J.; KARAKASSIS, I.; MUXICA, I.; NICKELL, T. D.; PAPAGEORGIOU, N.; PRANOVI, F.; SEVASTOU, K.; TOMASETTI, P.; ANGEL, D. Assessing the suitability of a range of benthic indices in the evaluation of environmental impact of fin and shellfish aquaculture located in sites across Europe. Aquaculture, v. 293, n. 3/4, p. 231-240, 2009.
BORJA, A.; MUXICA, I. Guidelines for the use of AMBI (AZTI's Marine Biotic Index) in the assessment of the benthic ecological quality. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 50, n. 7, p. 787-789, 2005.
CALLIER, M. D.; RICHARD, M.; MCKINDSEY, C. W.; ARCHAMBAULT, M.; DESROSIERS, G. Responses of benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical fluxes to various levels of mussel biodeposition: an in situ "benthocosm" experiment. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 58, n. 10, p. 1544-1553, 2009.
CLARKE, K. R.; WARWICK, R. M. Changes in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. 2. ed. Wellington: Primer-E: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, 2001. 176 p.
COULL, B. C.; CHANDLER, G. T. Pollution and meiofauna: field, laboratory and mesocosm studies. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol.: Ann. Rev., v. 30, p. 191-271, 1992.
EDGAR, G.; MCLEOD, C. K.; MAWBEY, R. B.; SHIELDS, D. Broad-scale effects of marine salmonid aquaculture on macrobenthos and the sediment environment in southeastern Tasmania. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 327, n. 1, p. 70-90, 2005.
FAO. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2006 Rome: United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization, 2007. 162 p. (The state of world fisheries and aquaculture).
FOCARDI, S.; CORSI, I.; FRANCHI, E. Safety issues and sustainable development of European aquaculture: new tools for environmentally sound aquaculture. Aquacult.Int., v. 13, n. 1/2, p. 3-17, 2005.
GRALL, J.; GLEMAREC, M. Using biotic indices to estimate macrobenthic community perturbations in the Bay of Brest. Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci., v. 44, suppl. 1, p. 43-53, 1997.
GRAY, J. S.; WU, R. S. S.; OR, Y.–Y. Effects of hypoxia and organic enrichment on the coastal marine environment. Mar. Ecol.: Prog Ser., v. 238, p. 249-279, 2002.
GUERRA-GARCIA, J. M.; GARCIA-GOMEZ, J. C. Crustacean assemblages and sediment pollution in an exception case study: a harbour with two opposing entrances. Crustaceana, v. 77, n. 3, p. 353-370, 2004.
LAWSON, S. E.; MCGLATHERY, K. J.; WIBERG, P. L. Enhancement of sediment suspension and nutrient flux by benthic macrophytes at low biomass. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 448, p. 259-270, 2012.
LUND-HANSEN, L. C.; PEJRUP, M.; FLODERUS, S. Pelagic and seabed fluxes of particulate matter and carbon, and C:N ratios resolved by sediment traps during a spring bloom, southwest Kattegat. J. Sea Res., v. 52, n. 2, p. 87-98, 2004.
MUXICA, I.; IBAIBARRIAGA, L.; SÁIZ, J. L.; BORJA, A. Minimal sampling requirements for a precise assessment of soft-bottom macrobenthic communities, using AMBI. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 349, n. 2, p. 323-333, 2007.
NORKKO, J.; THRUSH, S. F.; WELLS, R. M. G. Indicators of short-term growth in bivalves: detecting environmental change across ecological scales. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 337, n. 1, p. 38-48, 2006.
PEARSON, T. H.; ROSENBERG, R. Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., v. 16, p. 229-311, 1978.
RIERA, R.; MONTERROSO, O.; RODRIGUEZ, M.; RAMOS, E. Biotic indexes reveal the impact of harbour enlargement on benthic fauna. Chem. Ecol., v. 27, n. 4, p. 311-326, 2011.
RIERA, R.; DELGADO, J. D.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; MONTERROSO, O.; RAMOS, E. Macrofaunal communities of threatened subtidal mäerl seabeds on Tenerife (Canary Islands, north-east Atlantic Ocean) in summer. Acta Oceanol. Sin., v. 31, n. 1, p. 98-105, 2012a.
RIERA, R.; MONTERROSO, O.; NÚÑEZ, J. Effects of granulometric gradient on macrofaunal assemblages in Los Cristianos harbor (Tenerife, Canary Islands). Arquipélago: Life Mar. Sci., v. 29, p. 33-42, 2012b.
SANZ-LAZARO, C.; MARIN, A. Diversity patterns of benthic macrofauna caused by marine fish farming. Diversity, v. 3, n. 2, p. 176-199, 2011.[Review]
SCHRATZBERGER, M.; WARWICK, R. M. Differential effects of various types of disturbances on the structure of nematode assemblages: an experimental approach. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 181, p. 227-236, 1999.
TATARANNI, M.; LARDICCI, C. Performance of some biotic indices in the real variable world: a case study at different spatial scales in North-Western Mediterranean Sea. Environ. Pollut., v. 158, n. 1, p. 26-34, 2010.
TSUTSUMI, H. Population persistence of Capitella sp. (Polychaeta: Capitellidae) on a mud flat subject to environmental disturbance by organic enrichment. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 63, p. 147-158, 1990.
WALKLEY, A.; BLACK, I. A. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., v. 37, n. 1, p. 29-38, 1934.
WEBB, D. G. Response of macro- and meiobenthos from a carbon-poor sand to phytodetrital sedimentation. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 203, n. 2, p. 259-271, 1996.
WU, R. S. S.; LAM, K. S.; MACKAY, D. W.; LAU, T. C.; YAM, V. Impact of marine fish farming on water quality and bottom sediment: a case study in the sub-tropical environment. Mar. Environ. Res., v. 38, n. 2, p. 115-145, 1994.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
10 Apr 2014
Date of issue
Dec 2013

History

Received
19 Nov 2012
Accepted
06 Nov 2013
Reviewed
23 Sept 2013

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] APHA. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater 19.ed. Washington: American Public Health Associaton, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation, 1995. 22 p.

[2] BELAN, T.A. Benthos abundance pattern and species composition in conditions of pollution in Amursky Bay (the Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan). Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 46, n. 9, p. 1111-1119, 2003.

[3] BORJA, A.; FRANCO, J.; PEREZ, V.A marine biotic index to establish the ecological quality of soft-bottom benthos within European estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 12, n. 4, p. 1100-1114, 2000.

[4] BORJA, A.; MUXICA, I.; FRANCO, J. The application of a Marine Biotic Index to different impact sources affecting soft-bottom benthic communities along European coasts. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 46, n. 7, p. 835-845, 2003.

[5] BORJA, A.; RODRIGUEZ, J. G.; BLACK, K.; BODOY, A.; EMBLOW, C.; FERNANDES, T. F.; FORTE, J.; KARAKASSIS, I.; MUXICA, I.; NICKELL, T. D.; PAPAGEORGIOU, N.; PRANOVI, F.; SEVASTOU, K.; TOMASETTI, P.; ANGEL, D. Assessing the suitability of a range of benthic indices in the evaluation of environmental impact of fin and shellfish aquaculture located in sites across Europe. Aquaculture, v. 293, n. 3/4, p. 231-240, 2009.

[6] BORJA, A.; MUXICA, I. Guidelines for the use of AMBI (AZTI's Marine Biotic Index) in the assessment of the benthic ecological quality. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 50, n. 7, p. 787-789, 2005.

[7] CALLIER, M. D.; RICHARD, M.; MCKINDSEY, C. W.; ARCHAMBAULT, M.; DESROSIERS, G. Responses of benthic macrofauna and biogeochemical fluxes to various levels of mussel biodeposition: an in situ "benthocosm" experiment. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 58, n. 10, p. 1544-1553, 2009.

[8] CLARKE, K. R.; WARWICK, R. M. Changes in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. 2. ed. Wellington: Primer-E: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, 2001. 176 p.

[9] COULL, B. C.; CHANDLER, G. T. Pollution and meiofauna: field, laboratory and mesocosm studies. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol.: Ann. Rev., v. 30, p. 191-271, 1992.

[10] EDGAR, G.; MCLEOD, C. K.; MAWBEY, R. B.; SHIELDS, D. Broad-scale effects of marine salmonid aquaculture on macrobenthos and the sediment environment in southeastern Tasmania. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 327, n. 1, p. 70-90, 2005.

[11] FAO. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2006 Rome: United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization, 2007. 162 p. (The state of world fisheries and aquaculture).

[12] FOCARDI, S.; CORSI, I.; FRANCHI, E. Safety issues and sustainable development of European aquaculture: new tools for environmentally sound aquaculture. Aquacult.Int., v. 13, n. 1/2, p. 3-17, 2005.

[13] GRALL, J.; GLEMAREC, M. Using biotic indices to estimate macrobenthic community perturbations in the Bay of Brest. Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci., v. 44, suppl. 1, p. 43-53, 1997.

[14] GRAY, J. S.; WU, R. S. S.; OR, Y.–Y. Effects of hypoxia and organic enrichment on the coastal marine environment. Mar. Ecol.: Prog Ser., v. 238, p. 249-279, 2002.

[15] GUERRA-GARCIA, J. M.; GARCIA-GOMEZ, J. C. Crustacean assemblages and sediment pollution in an exception case study: a harbour with two opposing entrances. Crustaceana, v. 77, n. 3, p. 353-370, 2004.

[16] LAWSON, S. E.; MCGLATHERY, K. J.; WIBERG, P. L. Enhancement of sediment suspension and nutrient flux by benthic macrophytes at low biomass. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 448, p. 259-270, 2012.

[17] LUND-HANSEN, L. C.; PEJRUP, M.; FLODERUS, S. Pelagic and seabed fluxes of particulate matter and carbon, and C:N ratios resolved by sediment traps during a spring bloom, southwest Kattegat. J. Sea Res., v. 52, n. 2, p. 87-98, 2004.

[18] MUXICA, I.; IBAIBARRIAGA, L.; SÁIZ, J. L.; BORJA, A. Minimal sampling requirements for a precise assessment of soft-bottom macrobenthic communities, using AMBI. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 349, n. 2, p. 323-333, 2007.

[19] NORKKO, J.; THRUSH, S. F.; WELLS, R. M. G. Indicators of short-term growth in bivalves: detecting environmental change across ecological scales. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 337, n. 1, p. 38-48, 2006.

[20] PEARSON, T. H.; ROSENBERG, R. Macrobenthic succession in relation to organic enrichment and pollution of the marine environment. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., v. 16, p. 229-311, 1978.

[21] RIERA, R.; MONTERROSO, O.; RODRIGUEZ, M.; RAMOS, E. Biotic indexes reveal the impact of harbour enlargement on benthic fauna. Chem. Ecol., v. 27, n. 4, p. 311-326, 2011.

[22] RIERA, R.; DELGADO, J. D.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; MONTERROSO, O.; RAMOS, E. Macrofaunal communities of threatened subtidal mäerl seabeds on Tenerife (Canary Islands, north-east Atlantic Ocean) in summer. Acta Oceanol. Sin., v. 31, n. 1, p. 98-105, 2012a.

[23] RIERA, R.; MONTERROSO, O.; NÚÑEZ, J. Effects of granulometric gradient on macrofaunal assemblages in Los Cristianos harbor (Tenerife, Canary Islands). Arquipélago: Life Mar. Sci., v. 29, p. 33-42, 2012b.

[24] SANZ-LAZARO, C.; MARIN, A. Diversity patterns of benthic macrofauna caused by marine fish farming. Diversity, v. 3, n. 2, p. 176-199, 2011.[Review]

[25] SCHRATZBERGER, M.; WARWICK, R. M. Differential effects of various types of disturbances on the structure of nematode assemblages: an experimental approach. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 181, p. 227-236, 1999.

[26] TATARANNI, M.; LARDICCI, C. Performance of some biotic indices in the real variable world: a case study at different spatial scales in North-Western Mediterranean Sea. Environ. Pollut., v. 158, n. 1, p. 26-34, 2010.

[27] TSUTSUMI, H. Population persistence of Capitella sp. (Polychaeta: Capitellidae) on a mud flat subject to environmental disturbance by organic enrichment. Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser., v. 63, p. 147-158, 1990.

[28] WALKLEY, A.; BLACK, I. A. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., v. 37, n. 1, p. 29-38, 1934.

[29] WEBB, D. G. Response of macro- and meiobenthos from a carbon-poor sand to phytodetrital sedimentation. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., v. 203, n. 2, p. 259-271, 1996.

[30] WU, R. S. S.; LAM, K. S.; MACKAY, D. W.; LAU, T. C.; YAM, V. Impact of marine fish farming on water quality and bottom sediment: a case study in the sub-tropical environment. Mar. Environ. Res., v. 38, n. 2, p. 115-145, 1994.

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Effects of organic enrichment on macrofauna community structure: an experimental approach

Abstracts

Publication Dates

History