RESUMO
Objetivo:
Analisar os níveis de eficiência dos hotéis de 4 e 5 estrelas da região do Algarve em Portugal que operaram no período 2005-2007 e que se representam por um conjunto de empresas hoteleiras. A análise considerou dois modelos distintos: num são utilizadas variáveis com unidades em quantidades e no outro unidades monetárias. Foi também efetuada uma análise às folgas e pares.
Método:
A metodologia utilizada foi a DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) para analisar a eficiência de 28 hotéis no Algarve, em Portugal.
Fundamentação teórica - A importância do turismo é reconhecida universalmente. Este setor tem um elevado impacto a nível econômico, social, cultural e ambiental. Destinos globais e maior competitividade fazem da eficiência um grande desafio na indústria hoteleira nos dias de hoje. Em Portugal o Algarve é a região com mais atividade turística (70%) e é a zona que mais procura externa atrai. A aplicação de técnicas fronteiras no setot hoteleiro é ainda escassa em Portugal e inovadora.
Resultados:
Os resultados sugerem que o modelo que adotou insumos com unidades monetárias, apresenta níveis de eficiência superiores. Foram encontrados níveis elevados de ineficiência e identificaram-se as boas práticas na indústria hoteleira Algarvia. Concluiu-se ainda que as diferenças de eficiência prendem-se com a gestão, o fraco uso de infraestruturas (época baixa), a sazonalidade e o ambiente institucional e contextual.
Contribuições:
Na literatura não froam encontrados estudos de abordagem comparativa levando em conta a natureza dos insumos (físicos/operacionais versus econômico/financeiros).
Palavras-chave:
DEA; Empresas hoteleiras; Eficiência; Folgas; Pares
ABSTRACT
Objective:
To analyse the efficiency levels of company owners of four and five-star hotels in the Algarve in Portugal for the years 2005 to 2007. Variables with quantitative and monetary units were used corresponding to two different models applied. An analysis to the slacks and peers of companies was also performed.
Design/methodology/approach:
Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to evaluate the efficiency of 28 hotels in the Portuguese Algarve.
Findings:
Tourism has an importance universally recognized. This sector has an high economic, social, cultural and environmental impact level. Global destinations and greater competitiveness have turned efficiency into a major issue in the hotel industry nowadays. In Portugal, the Algarve is the region with more tourism (70%), and it is also the area that attracts more foreign demand. The application of frontier techniques to the hotel sector is still scarce in Portugal but innovating.
Practical implications:
The results suggest that the model, which adopted inputs with monetary units, has higher levels of efficiency. High levels of inefficiency were found and the hotel best practices were identified. It was concluded that the efficiency differences of the results are related to the managerial practices, the use of weak infrastructure (low season), the seasonality and the institutional and contextual environment.
Keywords:
DEA; Hospitality companies; Efficiency; Slacks; Peers
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Full text available only in PDF format.
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Processo de avaliação: Double Blind Review
Datas de Publicação
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Publicação nesta coleção
Jan-Mar 2015
Histórico
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Recebido
22 Jun 2012 -
Aceito
04 Fev 2015
