Molecular epidemiology of animal rabies in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

Epidemiologia molecular da raiva animal no semiárido da Paraíba, nordeste do Brasil

Abstracts

In the semiarid of the state of Paraíba, the anti-rabies vaccination is not common, most of the local inhabitants who deal with the animals do not know the incidence of the disease in the region. In this study, samples of foxes (Pseudalopex vetulus), insectivorous bats (Molossus molossus), raccoons (Procyon cancrivorous) and domestic animals brains were submitted to the diagnosis of rabies, by using the direct fluorescent antibody technique (d-FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). Of the 581 examined materials, 50 (8.60 %) were positive for d-FAT and 47 (8.09 %) for MIT. From the positive samples for rabies, RNAs were extracted and transformed to cDNA, at the Laboratory of Rabies/Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia/USP, SP. The phylogenetic characterization of the N gene was performed at the Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade Nihon, Faculdade de Ciências Bioresource, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japão. Based on the results of genotyping and phylogenetic analyzes, it is concluded that the epidemiology of rabies is complex in the semiarid of Paraíba, with different viral variants being maintained in domestic dogs, foxes, insectivorous bats and vampire bats. All the isolates examined belong to the genotype I of the genus Lyssavirus and it is possible to state that in the region, foxes are important sylvatic reservoirs of the rabies virus.

Lyssavirus; wild canids; domestic animal; insectivorous bats

No semiárido do Estado da Paraíba, a vacinação antirrábica não é comum, a maioria dos habitantes locais que lidam com os animais não conhece a incidência da doença na região. Neste estudo, amostras do cérebro de raposas (Pseudalopex vetulus), de morcegos insetívoros (Molossus molossus), de guaxinins (Procyon cancrivorous) e de animais domésticos foram submetidas ao diagnóstico da raiva, pela técnica de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e inoculação intracerebral em camundongos (ICC). Dos 581 materiais examinados, 50 (8,60%) foram positivos para IFD e 47 (8,09%) para o ICC. Das amostras positivas para raiva, os RNAs foram extraídos e transformados em DNA, no Laboratório de Raiva/Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia/USP, SP. A caracterização filogenética do gene N foi realizada no Centro de Investigação Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Bioresource, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japão. Com base nos resultados das análises filogenéticas e genotipagem, conclui-se que a epidemiologia da raiva é complexa no semiárido da Paraíba, com diferentes variantes virais sendo mantidas em cães domésticos, raposas, morcegos insetívoros e morcegos hematófagos. Todos os isolados analisados pertencem ao genótipo I do gênero Lyssavirus, e é possível afirmar que, na região, as raposas são importantes reservatórios silvestres do vírus da raiva.

Lyssavirus; canídeos silvestres; animais domésticos; morcegos insetívoros

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  03 June 2013
• Date of issue
  Dec 2012

History

• Received
  16 June 2011
• Accepted
  18 Oct 2012