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DOSES DE FÓSFORO DETERMINAM A PREVALÊNCIA DE FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES EM Araucaria angustifolia

PHOSPHORUS DOSES DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF NATIVE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN Araucaria angustifolia

RESUMO

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses crescentes de fósforo sobre a diversidade, esporulação e colonização de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) nativos de florestas de Araucaria angustifolia, foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação, utilizando a araucária como planta-isca. O experimento foi montado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, compreendendo quatro doses de fósforo (0, 20, 50 e 150 mg kg-1) de substrato na forma de KH2PO4. As plântulas de araucária, inoculadas com 100 g de solo rizosférico, proveniente de mata nativa, foram cultivadas em vasos contendo 10 kg de solo, pelo período de um ano. Após a colheita, determinou-se a densidade de esporos, a taxa de colonização micorrízica e a diversidade de FMA, através da identificação morfológica dos esporos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise univariada e análise de correspondência (AC). Considerando as quatro doses de P, foram identificadas 11 espécies de FMA (Acaulospora bireticulata, Acaulospora morrowiae, Acaulospora sp., Entrophospora colombiana, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus diaphanum, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus macrocarpum, Scutellospora calospora, Scutellospora gilmorei e Scutellospora pellucida). Não houve efeito significativo da dose de P sobre o número de esporos e a colonização radicular. A AC demonstrou que houve efeito da dose de P sobre a abundância de esporulação de cada espécie, sendo que alguns FMA se associaram mais com determinada dose de P, e outros com outra.

Palavras-chave:
FMA; diversidade; densidade de esporos; pinheiro brasileiro

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse experiment was installed with bait cultures to extract the AMF species present in a rhizosphere soil sample of a native Araucaria angustifolia forest in Campos do Jordão, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four increasing phosphorus doses (0, 20, 50, and 150 mg kg-1, as triple superphosphate), with five replicates, the bait plant was araucaria, and all pots were inoculated with 100 g of rhizospheric soil collected in an araucaria forest. After twelve months the spores were extracted, counted and identified, and the percent root colonization was also determined. When taking all four P doses into account, eleven AMF species could be identified: Acaulospora bireticulata, Acaulospora morrowiae, Acaulospora sp., Entrophospora colombiana, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus diaphanum, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus macrocarpum, Scutellospora calospora, Scutellospora gilmorei, and Scutellospora pellucida. There was no effect of the P dose on the total amount of spores neither on the percent root colonization. However, the correspondence analysis showed that the different AMF species were selectively associated mostly to either one or another P dose.

Keywords:
AMF; diversity; spore density; Brazil Pine

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    Oct-Dec 2012
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