PIGMENTOS FOTOSSINTÉTICOS EM CLONES DE SERINGUEIRA SOB ATAQUE DE OÍDIO

Gonzalez, Gisely Cristina; Cataneo, Ana Catarina; Fiori, Maira dos Santos; Silva, Giselaine de Souza e; Mischan, Martha Maria; Furtado, Edson Luis

doi:10.5902/1980509810561

RESUMO

A seringueira [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Müell. Arg.] pode ser afetada pela ocorrência do fungo Oidium heveae, causador de uma das mais importantes doenças da seringueira, o oídio. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de conhecer alterações nos pigmentos fotossintéticos, um indicador de estresse oxidativo, em mudas de três clones de Hevea brasiliensis, RRIM600, GT1 e PR255, sob infecção por Oidium heveae. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente aberto sob condições fotoperiódicas naturais e no início do período experimental, as plantas de seringueira que seriam infectadas foram pulverizadas com uma suspensão aquosa contendo Oidium heveae na concentração de 16 x 104 conídios mL-1. No dia da inoculação e após 48, 96 144 e 192 h, foram coletadas amostras foliares para determinação dos pigmentos fotossintéticos. Degradação nos pigmentos fotossintéticos no período de infecção foi observada nos clones de seringueira estudados; portanto, houve estresse oxidativo nos clones de seringueira. Não foi identificado material genético promissor para trabalhos de melhoramento genético visando à tolerância ao estresse por Oidium heveae.

Palavras-chave:
clorofilas; carotenoides; Hevea brasiliensis; Oidium heveae

ABSTRACT

The rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. Of Juss.) Muell. Arg.] can be affected by the occurrence of the fungus Oidium heveae, which causes one of the most important diseases of rubber trees, powdery mildew. This work meet changes in photosynthetic pigments, an indicator of oxidative stress, in seedlings of three Hevea brasiliensis clones, RRIM 600, GT1 and PR255, under infection in Oidium heveae. The experiment was conducted in an open environment under natural photoperiod conditions and at the beginning of the trial, the rubber plants that would be inoculated were sprayed with an aqueous suspension containing Oidium heveae at a concentration of 16 x 104 conidia mL-1. On the day of inoculation and after 48, 96, 144 and 192 h leaf samples were collected for the determination of photosynthetic pigments. Degradation in photosynthetic pigments in the period of infection was observed in rubber tree clones studied; thus, there is oxidative stress in clones of rubber trees. No promising genetic material for genetic improvement work stress tolerance by Oidium heveae was identified.

Keywords:
chlorophylls; carotenoids; Hevea brasiliensis; Oidium heveae

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REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

AGRAWAL, S. B.; RATHORE, D. Changes in oxidative stress defense system in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) cultivars grown with and without mineral nutrients and irradiated by supplemental ultraviolet-B. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Oxford, v. 59, p. 21-33, 2007.
AKHKHA, A.; CLARKE, D. D.; DOMINY, P. J. Relative tolerances of wild and cultivated barley to infection by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Syn. Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei). II- the effects of infection on photosynthesis and respiration. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, London, v. 62, p. 347-354, 2000.
ALDEA, M. et al. Comparison of photosynthetic damage from arthropod herbivory and pathogen infection in understory hardwood saplings. Oecologia, Berlin, v. 149, p. 221-232, 2006.
APEL, K.; HIRT, H. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology, Palo Alto, v. 55, p.373-399, 2004.
ARNON, D. I. Cooper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidases in Beta vulgaris Plant Physiology, Bethesda, v. 24, p. 1-15. 1949.
BOWLES, D. J. Defense related proteins in higher plants. Annual Review of Biochemistry, Palo Alto, v. 59, p. 837-907, 1990.
COGHLAN S. E.; WALTERS, D. R. Photosynthesis in green-islands on powdery mildew infected barley leaves. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology , London, v. 40, p. 31-38, 1992.
EL OMARI, B. et al. Effect of fungal infection on leaf gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in Quercus ilex. Annals of Science, London, v. 58, p.165-174, 2001.
FOYER, C. H. et al. Hydrogen peroxide and glutathione associated mechanisms of acclimatory stress tolerance and signalling, Physiology Plant, Waterbury, v. 100, p. 241-254, 1997.
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GASPAROTTO, L. et al. Doenças da Seringueira no Brasil. Brasília: Embrapa, 1997.
GONÇALVES, P. de S.; MARQUES, J. R. B. Melhoramento Genético da Seringueira: passado, presente e futuro. In: ALVARENGA, A. P.; CARMO, C. A. F. S. (Eds.). Seringueira. Viçosa: Epamig. p. 401-407, 2008.
HOLLOWAY, P. J.; MACLEN, D. J.; SCOTT, K. J. Eletron transport in thylakoids isolated from barley leaves infected by the powdery mildew fungus (Erysiphe graminis DC. Ex Merat f. sp. hordei Marchal). New Phytologist, Liverpool, v. 120, p. 145-151, 1992.
KIM, Y. H. et al. Methanobactin, a copper-acquisition compound from methane- oxidizing bacteria. Science, London, v. 305, p. 1612-1615, 2004.
KUŹNIAK, E.; SKŁODOWSKA, M. Ascorbate, glutathione and related enzymes in chloroplasts of tomato leaves infected by Botrytis cinerea Plant Science , Clare, v. 160, p. 723-731. 2001.
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MITTLER, R. Abiotic stress, the field environment and stress combination. Trends in Plant Science , Oxford, v. 11, p. 15-19, 2006.
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PSHIBYTKO, N. L., ZENEVICH, L. A.; KABASHNIKOVA, L. F. Changes in the Photosynthetic Apparatus during Fusarium Wilt of Tomato. Russian Journal Plant Physiology , Moscow, v. 53, p. 25-31, 2006.
SABRI, N.; DOMINY, N. J.; CLARKE, D. D. The relative tolerances of wild and cultivated oats to infection by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. avenae: II The effects of infection on photosynthesis and respiration. Physiology Molecular and Plant Pathology, London, v. 50, p. 321-335, 1997.
SADRAS, V. O. et al. Effect of Verticillium dahliae on Photosynthesis, Leaf Expansion and Senescence of Field-grown Sunflower. Annual Botanic, London, v.86, p. 1007-1015, 2000.
SHEWRY, P. R.; LUCAS, J. A. Plant proteins that confer resistance to pest and pathogens. Advances in Botanical Research, London, v. 26, p. 135-192. 1997.
STADNIK, M. J.; RIVERA, M. C. Oídios. Jaguariúna: Embrapa Meio Ambiente. 2001. 484p.
TANG, X.; ROLEE, S. A.; SCHOLES, S. D. The effect of Albugo Candida (white blister rust) on the photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolism of leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana Plant Cell Environment, Oxford, v. 19, p. 967-975, 1996.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Jul-Sep 2013

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons

[1] AGRAWAL, S. B.; RATHORE, D. Changes in oxidative stress defense system in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) cultivars grown with and without mineral nutrients and irradiated by supplemental ultraviolet-B. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Oxford, v. 59, p. 21-33, 2007.

[2] AKHKHA, A.; CLARKE, D. D.; DOMINY, P. J. Relative tolerances of wild and cultivated barley to infection by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Syn. Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei). II- the effects of infection on photosynthesis and respiration. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, London, v. 62, p. 347-354, 2000.

[3] ALDEA, M. et al. Comparison of photosynthetic damage from arthropod herbivory and pathogen infection in understory hardwood saplings. Oecologia, Berlin, v. 149, p. 221-232, 2006.

[4] APEL, K.; HIRT, H. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology, Palo Alto, v. 55, p.373-399, 2004.

[5] ARNON, D. I. Cooper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidases in Beta vulgaris Plant Physiology, Bethesda, v. 24, p. 1-15. 1949.

[6] BOWLES, D. J. Defense related proteins in higher plants. Annual Review of Biochemistry, Palo Alto, v. 59, p. 837-907, 1990.

[7] COGHLAN S. E.; WALTERS, D. R. Photosynthesis in green-islands on powdery mildew infected barley leaves. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology , London, v. 40, p. 31-38, 1992.

[8] EL OMARI, B. et al. Effect of fungal infection on leaf gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in Quercus ilex. Annals of Science, London, v. 58, p.165-174, 2001.

[9] FOYER, C. H. et al. Hydrogen peroxide and glutathione associated mechanisms of acclimatory stress tolerance and signalling, Physiology Plant, Waterbury, v. 100, p. 241-254, 1997.

[10] FURTADO, E. L.; SILVEIRA, A. P. Nova ocorrência de oídio da seringueira no Estado de São Paulo. São Paulo: Instituto Biológico. 1993. 3p. (Instituto Biológico. Comunicado Técnico, 3).

[11] GARG, N.; MANCHANDA, G. ROS generation in plants: Boon or bane? Plant Biosystems, Essex, v.143, p. 1-96, 2009.

[12] GASPAROTTO, L. et al. Doenças da Seringueira no Brasil. Brasília: Embrapa, 1997.

[13] GONÇALVES, P. de S.; MARQUES, J. R. B. Melhoramento Genético da Seringueira: passado, presente e futuro. In: ALVARENGA, A. P.; CARMO, C. A. F. S. (Eds.). Seringueira. Viçosa: Epamig. p. 401-407, 2008.

[14] HOLLOWAY, P. J.; MACLEN, D. J.; SCOTT, K. J. Eletron transport in thylakoids isolated from barley leaves infected by the powdery mildew fungus (Erysiphe graminis DC. Ex Merat f. sp. hordei Marchal). New Phytologist, Liverpool, v. 120, p. 145-151, 1992.

[15] KIM, Y. H. et al. Methanobactin, a copper-acquisition compound from methane- oxidizing bacteria. Science, London, v. 305, p. 1612-1615, 2004.

[16] KUŹNIAK, E.; SKŁODOWSKA, M. Ascorbate, glutathione and related enzymes in chloroplasts of tomato leaves infected by Botrytis cinerea Plant Science , Clare, v. 160, p. 723-731. 2001.

[17] LICHTENTHALER, H. K. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods Enzymology, New York, v. 148, p. 350-382, 1987.

[18] MITTLER, R. Abiotic stress, the field environment and stress combination. Trends in Plant Science , Oxford, v. 11, p. 15-19, 2006.

[19] MITTLER, R. et al. Reactive oxygen gene network of plants. Trends in Plant Science , Oxford, v. 9, p.490-498, 2004.

[20] PSHIBYTKO, N. L., ZENEVICH, L. A.; KABASHNIKOVA, L. F. Changes in the Photosynthetic Apparatus during Fusarium Wilt of Tomato. Russian Journal Plant Physiology , Moscow, v. 53, p. 25-31, 2006.

[21] SABRI, N.; DOMINY, N. J.; CLARKE, D. D. The relative tolerances of wild and cultivated oats to infection by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. avenae: II The effects of infection on photosynthesis and respiration. Physiology Molecular and Plant Pathology, London, v. 50, p. 321-335, 1997.

[22] SADRAS, V. O. et al. Effect of Verticillium dahliae on Photosynthesis, Leaf Expansion and Senescence of Field-grown Sunflower. Annual Botanic, London, v.86, p. 1007-1015, 2000.

[23] SHEWRY, P. R.; LUCAS, J. A. Plant proteins that confer resistance to pest and pathogens. Advances in Botanical Research, London, v. 26, p. 135-192. 1997.

[24] STADNIK, M. J.; RIVERA, M. C. Oídios. Jaguariúna: Embrapa Meio Ambiente. 2001. 484p.

[25] TANG, X.; ROLEE, S. A.; SCHOLES, S. D. The effect of Albugo Candida (white blister rust) on the photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolism of leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana Plant Cell Environment, Oxford, v. 19, p. 967-975, 1996.

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