Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Alterações do sistema miofuncional orofacial na síndrome de Parry-Romberg: revisão crítica da literatura

RESUMO

Introdução:

Esta revisão qualitativa da literatura analisou publicações científicas internacionais sobre possíveis alterações miofuncionais orofaciais em pacientes acometidos pela Síndrome de Parry-Romberg, por meio da base de dados PubMed.

Métodos:

O levantamento realizado limitou-se a seres humanos, de qualquer faixa etária, no idioma inglês, entre os anos 2002 e 2012. As publicações sem acesso completo, repetidas por sobreposição das palavras-chave, revisões de literatura, cartas ao editor e as não relacionadas diretamente ao tema foram excluídas.

Resultados:

Foram identificados 719 estudos, sendo 21 dentro dos critérios estabelecidos. Com base nos estudos selecionados, pacientes acometidos pela Síndrome de Parry-Romberg podem apresentar alterações dos tecidos mole e duro, tais como atrofia dos músculos esternocleidomastoideo, masseter e pterigoideos; atrofia na região da bochecha e depressão da prega nasolabial; desvio dos lábios e nariz; atrofia unilateral da língua; atrofia do ângulo da boca; reabsorção progressiva do osso da maxila e da mandíbula; atrofia do arco zigomático, do osso frontal e assimetria facial; desenvolvimento atrófico das raízes ou reabsorção patológica dos números de dentes permanentes; redução da mandíbula e erupção atrasada dos dentes superiores e inferiores.

Conclusão:

Apesar do crescente interesse pelo diagnóstico e pela descrição sintomatológica de indivíduos com Síndrome de Parry-Romberg, a escassez de publicações que abordem tratamentos funcionais e interdisciplinares é evidente. Verifica-se a necessidade da realização de estudos mais específicos que visem à melhoria da qualidade de vida desses pacientes.

Descritores:
Hemiatrofia facial; Sistema estomatognático; Face; Ossos faciais; Tecido conjuntivo

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

This qualitative literature review analyzed international scientific publications on possible orofacial myofunctional alterations in patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome by using PubMed.

Methods:

The survey was conducted in English, between 2002 and 2012, and was limited to human beings of any age. Publications without full access, duplicated by overlapping keywords, literature reviews, letters to the editor, and those not directly related to the research topic were excluded.

Results:

We identified 719 studies, of which 21 were within the established criteria. Based on the selected studies, patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome may show changes in soft and hard tissues such as atrophy of the sternocleidomastoid, masseter, and pterygoid muscles; atrophy in the cheek region and depression of the nasolabial fold; deviation of the lips and nose; unilateral tongue atrophy; atrophy of the mouth angle; progressive resorption of the maxilla and mandible bone; atrophy of the zygomatic arch and frontal bone, and facial asymmetry; atrophic root development or pathological resorption of permanent tooth numbers; and jaw reduction and delayed eruption of the upper and lower teeth.

Conclusion:

Despite the growing interest in the diagnosis and symptomatic description of individuals with Parry-Romberg syndrome, publications that address functional and interdisciplinary treatments are scarce. Therefore, specific studies aimed at improving the quality of life of these patients are needed.

Keywords:
Facial hemiatrophy; Stomatognathic system; Face; Facial bones; Tissue

INTRODUÇÃO

A Síndrome de Parry-Romberg é também conhecida como hemiatrofia facial progressiva11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.

2 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...

3 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...

4 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.

6 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...

7 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...

8 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605.

9 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...

13 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.
-1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
, mostra-se geralmente unilateral44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.
-66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.

16 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
-1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
, afetando a pele11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.

2 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
-33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,88 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605.,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...

13 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.

16 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...

17 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
-1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, os músculos11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.

2 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
-33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...

8 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605.

9 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
-1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...

17 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
-1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, a gordura66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, as cartilagens22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
e os ossos11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.

2 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
-33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,88 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605.

9 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...

13 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.

16 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...

17 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
-1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
.

Entre as possíveis causas etiológicas, as mais citadas são trauma facial local22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
; distúrbios endócrinos55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
; autoimunidade22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; hereditariedade, hiperatividade ou hipoatividade do sistema nervoso simpático22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; anormalidade do nervo trigêmeo99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
, e infecções virais22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
.

O surgimento da atrofia acontece nos primeiros 20 anos de vida11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.
-66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, progredindo por um período de dois a dez anos11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
, tornando-se estável após esse tempo11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
. É mais comum o acometimento no gênero feminino44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
.

Os principais sintomas descritos na literatura, que se associam à patologia, são alterações neurológicas22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
-1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, como a enxaqueca22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...

17 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
-1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, a epilepsia22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
-1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
e a dor facial22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, além de queixas oculares22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
e alopecia22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
. Geralmente, os pacientes procuram atendimento médico referindo queixas estéticas55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785. e sintomas neurológicos.

As características mais importantes da Síndrome são a assimetria facial66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, podendo se estender do queixo até a testa2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, o desvio da boca e do nariz para o lado afetado66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
e a exposição unilateral dos dentes, quando os lábios estão envolvidos55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
. Quando a testa é afetada, pode ser diagnosticada a esclerodermia linear, sendo o sinal nesta região da face denominado en coup de sabre22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
.

O tratamento é multidisciplinar, devendo ser composto por Médicos, Dentistas, Fonoaudiólogos e Psicólogos55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.. Procedimentos cirúrgicos são indicados quando a doença atinge a fase estacionária33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
. Os pacientes

podem precisar de acompanhamento psicológico, em decorrência da atrofia gerada na face55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785..

Não são encontrados na literatura estudos específicos na área da Fonoaudiologia que discorram sobre as alterações musculares e funcionais do Sistema Miofuncional Orofacial nos pacientes acometidos pela síndrome. Desta forma, um passo anterior ao início de pesquisas clínicas realizadas por essa especialidade seria verificar, na literatura relacionada, os apontamentos sobre a caracterização/ alteração de tecidos moles em pacientes acometidos pela síndrome.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar artigos científicos publicados em banco de dado arbitrado, que discorressem sobre alterações musculares e/ou funcionais do Sistema Miofuncional Orofacial na Síndrome de Parry-Romberg.

MÉTODO

Trata-se de uma revisão crítica de literatura, com objetivo de verificar as possíveis alterações miofuncionais orofaciais de pacientes acometidos pela Síndrome de Parry-Romberg. Para o estabelecimento do método de pesquisa, foram seguidos os preceitos do Cochrane Handbook2222 The Cochrane Collaboration. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of intervention [Internet]. 2011 [acesso 2011 Maio 11]. Disponível em: www.cochrane.org/training/cochrane-handbook.
www.cochrane.org/training/cochrane-handb...
.

O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado por meio da base de dados PubMed, utilizando o cruzamento dos descritores “facial hemiatrophy, progressive facial hemiatrophy, stomatognathic system, stomatognathic, muscle, facial, facial bones, skin disease e connective tissue”. Os critérios de inclusão dos artigos foram pesquisas realizadas em seres humanos, redigidos na língua inglesa, publicados no período de dez anos (janeiro de 2002 a julho de 2012).

As buscas dos textos no banco de dados foram realizadas individualmente por três pesquisadoras, visando a minimizar possíveis perdas de citações. Cada citação recuperada no banco de dados foi analisada independentemente pelas pesquisadoras do estudo, visando à pertinência de sua seleção e inclusão, ou não, no estudo.

As citações que não permitiram o acesso ao texto completo e as citações repetidas por sobreposição das palavras-chave foram excluídas da pesquisa. Dos textos completos obtidos, foram excluídas as revisões de literatura e textos não relacionados diretamente ao tema, como, por exemplos, métodos cirúrgicos, atrofia cerebral, queixas específicas da visão, tratamentos médicos e história da vida dos autores da doença estudada.

Foram analisados os textos que efetivamente se relacionavam à proposta da pesquisa. Todas as etapas do estudo foram conduzidas separadamente pelas pesquisadoras e, quando houve discordância entre as pesquisadoras, só foram incluídos os textos em que a posição final foi consensual.

Conforme o cruzamento dos descritores, foram encontrados inicialmente 719 artigos; destes, somente 326 não eram citações repetidas por sobreposição das palavras-chave. Seguiu-se pela análise individual dos artigos encontrados pelas pesquisadoras, sendo elencados, por consenso final, 21 artigos.

A análise dos artigos foi realizada separando-se os estudos em dois segmentos: o primeiro relaciona-se aos artigos de relato de caso e o segundo, aos artigos originais. Os parâmetros estudados nos relatos de caso constam de participantes, gêneros, faixa etária, lado de acometimento da face, queixa, achados clínicos, avaliação, tratamento, momento de intervenção, resultados e conclusões. Para os artigos originais, foram selecionados, como parâmetros, objetivos, métodos, resultados e conclusões.

A seguir, o fluxograma do percurso da busca realizada para seleção dos textos analisados no estudo (Figura 1).

Figura 1
Diagrama do percurso da busca realizada para seleção dos textos a serem analisados.

RESULTADOS

Os resultados do estudo encontram-se sumariamente descritos na Quadro 1 (estudos de caso) e na Quadro 2 (estudos originais).

Quadro 1
Resumo dos estudos de caso.
Quadro 2
Resumo dos estudos originais.

DISCUSSÃO

Diante dos achados desta revisão, foi possível observar que existem poucos artigos originais relacionados ao tema. A maioria dos estudos apresenta relatos de casos isolados, abordando a avaliação clínica e objetiva, além de métodos para o diagnóstico da Síndrome. Foi possível observar também que poucos estudos discorrem sobre o tratamento, sendo que este, quando abordado, descreve-se o controle da sintomatologia neurológica.

Em relação aos relatos de caso, 16 estudos apresentaram descrição de caso único11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...

13 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.

16 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
-1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; um artigo descreveu a doença em dois participantes, sendo estes primos consanguíneos2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, e um único artigo descreve a doença em 23 casos33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
.

Dos 16 estudos de descrição de caso único11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...

13 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.

16 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
-1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
, o gênero mais acometido foi o masculino66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
-1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
-1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
. De acordo com a literatura, a maior incidência da doença é no gênero feminino44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
. O lado de maior acometimento da doença foi o esquerdo11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
-1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
,1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.. A literatura não aponta predominância de acometimento das hemifaces na doença1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
.

Quanto à idade, foi observada, no levantamento realizado, uma média de 20,6 anos entre os casos estudados. O indivíduo com menor idade apresentava 22 meses1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623. e o com maior idade, 65 anos11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.. Como já descrito na literatura, a idade de surgimento da atrofia está entre a primeira e a segunda décadas de vida11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.
-66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
. Contudo, se tratando de estudos de casos, deve-se levar em consideração que casos que fogem ao padrão costumam ser de interesse para descrição.

Um estudo que merece destaque é o que descreve a síndrome em casos consanguíneos2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
. Tendo em vista que a etiologia da Síndrome permanece desconhecida11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.

2 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...

3 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...

4 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.

6 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...

7 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
-88 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605.,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...

20 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
-2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, os autores apontam a necessidade de investigar de maneira mais profunda a genética, a fim de definir objetivamente o diagnóstico.

Com relação às queixas, o comprometimento estético foi o mais relatado33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
, seguido pela presença de epilepsia1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
e dor22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
. Os sintomas mais citados na literatura são enxaqueca22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, epilepsia22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...

12 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
-1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
, dor facial22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
e estética55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785..

As avaliações apresentadas para a descrição dos casos foram: exames de imagem, tais como radiografia, ressonância magnética, tomografia computadorizada e eletroencefalograma22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.

6 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
-77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
-1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.
-1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; exames laboratoriais11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...

10 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...

11 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
-1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; exame físico22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...

14 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....

15 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.
-1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
; exame neurológico44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
,1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
; exame oftalmológico1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
; biópsia de tecidos11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
; eletromiografia22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...
; avaliação ortodôntica55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
; teste térmico22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
, e exame auditivo1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623..

Com relação aos métodos de tratamento, oito estudos não descrevem uso de tratamento11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.,44 Miao J, Liu R, Lin H, Su C, Li H, Lei G, et al. Severe bilateral pyramidal tract involvement in a patient with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(3):212-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31818226f9. PMid:19174689.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181...

5 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.
-66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
,99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
,1414 Qureshi UA, Wani NA, Altaf U. Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with unusual intracranial vascular malformations and Phthisis bulbi. J Neurol Sci. 2010;291(1-2):107-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.003. PMid:20144465.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.01....
,1515 Okumura A, Ikuta T, Tsuji T, Kato T, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, et al. Parry-Romberg syndrome with a clinically silent white matter lesion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1729-31. PMid:16971623.,2020 Hulzebos CV, de Vries TW, Armbrust W, Sauer PJJ, Kerstjens-Frederikse WS. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: a complex disorder not only affecting the face. A report in a monozygotic male twin pair. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(12):1665-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2004.tb00861.x. PMid:15918232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.20...
, sete relatam tratamento medicamentoso22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
,1010 Longo D, Paonessa A, Specchio N, Delfino LN, Claps D, Fusco L, et al, and the Clinical and Neuroimaging Features. Parry-Romberg syndrome and Rasmussen encephalitis: possible association. Clinical and neuroimaging features. J Neuroimaging. 2011;21(2):188-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2009.00398.x. PMid:19555404.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.20...
,1111 Menascu S, Padeh S, Hoffman C, Ben-Zeev B. Parry-Romberg syndrome presenting as status migrainosus. Pediatr Neurol. 2009;40(4):321-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.007. PMid:19302950.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneuro...
,1616 Haldar A, Mukherjee A. Parry Romberg’s disease with intractable partial epilepsy. Neurol India. 2007;55(2):160-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.32791. PMid:17558124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.3279...
,1919 Carvalho MV, Nascimento GJ, Andrade E, Andrade M, Sobral APV. Association of aesthetic and orthodontic treatment in Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;21(2):436-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181cfe917. PMid:20216455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181...
,2121 Anderson PJ, Molony D, Haan E, David DJ. Familial Parry-Romberg disease. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69(5):705-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.004. PMid:15850693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2004....
, dois descrevem a associação entre tratamento medicamentoso e cirúrgico1212 Paprocka J, Jamroz E, Adamek D, Marszal E, Mandera M. Difficulties in differentiation of Parry-Romberg syndrome, unilateral facial sclerodermia, and Rasmussen syndrome. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(4):409-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-1262-x. PMid:16247619.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-005-126...
,1313 Shah JR, Juhász C, Kupsky WJ, Asano E, Sood S, Fain D, et al. Rasmussen encephalitis associated with Parry-Romberg syndrome. Neurology. 2003;61(3):395-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395. PMid:12913207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.3.395...
e um descreve apenas tratamento cirúrgico33 Hu J, Yin L, Tang X, Gui L, Zhang Z. Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome. J Craniofac Surg. 2011;22(3):937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820fe27d. PMid:21558914.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182...
. Os tratamentos frequentemente citados na literatura para esta Síndrome são o medicamentoso e o cirúrgico1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
.

Em relação aos estudos originais, o objetivo comum foi a descrição das características da doença: o primeiro artigo1818 Stone J. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a global survey of 205 patients using the Internet. Neurology. 2003;61(5):674-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674. PMid:12963760.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.61.5.674...
estudou as características da doença por meio de questionário divulgado em um site específico da patologia e envolveu 205 pacientes; o segundo1717 Sommer A, Gambichler T, Bacharach-Buhles M, von Rothenburg T, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Clinical and serological characteristics of progressive facial hemiatrophy: a case series of 12 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(2):227-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10.020. PMid:16443052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.10...
analisou retrospectivamente prontuários de pacientes; e o terceiro88 Blaszczyk M, Królicki L, Krasu M, Glinska O, Jablonska S. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: central nervous system involvement and relationship with scleroderma en coup de sabre. J Rheumatol. 2003;30(9):1997-2004. PMid:12966605. avaliou 26 indivíduos, a fim de verificar possíveis comorbidades entre a Síndrome e outras doenças.

Finalmente, cabe ressaltar os inúmeros comprometimentos musculares e funcionais descritos como estando associados à Síndrome e que potencialmente podem acarretar alterações do SMO. Considerando-se que os músculos do complexo craniofacial são necessários para a integralidade e a funcionalidade do SMO, a atrofia dos tecidos moles verificada nos pacientes com Síndrome de Parry-Romberg pode ter impacto direto nas funções realizadas por este complexo (mastigação, deglutição, fala e mímica facial). Nos estudos aqui apresentados, as seguintes alterações pontuais foram observadas: atrofia dos músculos esternocleidomastoideo, masseter e pterigoideos99 Duymaz A, Karabekmez FE, Keskin M, Tosun Z. Parry-Romberg syndrome: facial atrophy and its relationship with other regions of the body. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;63(4):457-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818bed6d. PMid:19745718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181...
; atrofia na região da bochecha e depressão leve da prega nasolabial22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
; desvio dos lábios e nariz55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,77 Guo ZN, Zhang HL, Zhou HW, Lan WJ, Wu J, Yang Y. Progressive facial hemiatrophy revisited: a role for sympathetic dysfunction. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(9):1195-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.190. PMid:21911700.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
; atrofia unilateral da língua55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.,66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
e atrofia do ângulo da boca66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
.

Outras alterações descritas, como as alterações de maxila, mandíbula e da dentição, também podem ter impacto no desequilíbrio na mobilidade mandibular e das funções de mastigação e fala. Alguns autores ainda evidenciaram o envolvimento do tecido duro, como importante atrofia do tecido ósseo e fratura mandibular patológica11 Gomez-Diez SG, López LG, Escobar ML, Gutiérrez LJ, Oliva NP. Progressive facial hemiatrophy with associated osseous lesions. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007;12(8):E602-4. PMid:18059248.; atrofia do arco zigomático, do osso frontal e assimetria facial22 Viana M, Glastonbury CM, Sprenger T, Goadsby PJ. Trigeminal neuropathic pain in a patient with progressive facial hemiatrophy (parry-romberg syndrome). Arch Neurol. 2011;68(7):938-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.126. PMid:21747035.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.201...
; desenvolvimento atrófico das raízes ou reabsorção patológica de dentes permanentes55 Pinheiro TPS, Silva CC, Silveira CSL, Botelho PCE, Pinheiro M, Pinheiro JJ. Progressive hemifacial atrophy--case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11(2):E112-4. PMid:16505785.; redução da mandíbula e erupção tardia dos dentes66 O’Flynn S, Kinirons M. Parry-Romberg syndrome: a report of the dental findings in a child followed up for 9 years. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16(4):297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2006.00730.x. PMid:16759329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.20...
. Novamente, cabe ressaltar que a integralidade do arcabouço ósseo do complexo craniofacial é imprescindível para o funcionamento harmônico da musculatura que integra este sistema.

Com base nesta revisão, considera-se a importância em realizar estudos clínicos que abordem aspectos relacionados ao trabalho fonoaudiológico quanto ao diagnóstico e à reabilitação das alterações do SMO decorrentes da Síndrome de Parry-Romberg.

CONCLUSÕES

Apesar do crescente interesse pelo diagnóstico e pela descrição sintomatológica de indivíduos com Síndrome de Parry-Romberg, a escassez de publicações que abordem tratamentos funcionais e interdisciplinares é evidente. Verifica-se a necessidade da realização de estudos mais específicos que visem à melhoria da qualidade de vida desses pacientes.

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    02 Jun 2023
  • Data do Fascículo
    Jan-Mar 2015

Histórico

  • Recebido
    12 Jul 2013
  • Aceito
    30 Out 2013
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