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Articles • Rodriguésia 57 (1) • Jan-Apr 2006 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200657105   copiar

FRAGMENTAÇÃO FLORESTAL: BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES TEÓRICAS SOBRE EFEITOS DE BORDA1 1 Parte da tese do primeiro autor desenvolvida no Curso de Doutorado em Biociências e Biotecnologia da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (fevereiro de 2004)

FOREST FRAGMENTATION: BRIEF THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT EDGE EFFECTS

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Os processos de fragmentação florestal atualmente representamum dosprincipais riscosà biodiversidade global. Nestecontextoé muito importante considerar estas transformações artificiais aos ecossistemas para compreender até mesmo padrões e processos ecológicos naturais. Neste trabalho é feita uma sinopse teórica que inclui o desenvolvimento de alguns conceitos e uma análise crítica destes, mesmo na falta de um arcabouço conceitual unificador sobre fragmentação florestal. São discutidas algumas teorias sobre limites (i.e. bordas) artificiais e naturais tendo como base as transformações ao longo do tempo e fenômenos de retração e expansão de comunidades e ecossistemas. A sucessão ecológica é brevemente discutida com base nas visões conflitantes de Clements e Gleason e mencionamos a importância de rever alguns modelos sucessionais para elucidar determinados aspectos dos efeitos de borda. Sobre estes efeitos é esboçada uma breve perspectiva histórica da evolução de alguns conceitos. Embora exista um conhecimento relativamentevastosobreosefeitosdebordaafirmamosqueaindaémuito difícilprever atrajetóriados processos ecológicos em bordas assim como as transformações nos padrões naturais.

Palavras-chave:
desmatamento; extinção; sucessão; teoria ecológica; limites

ABSTRACT

Forest fragmentation is one of the main threats to global biodiversity. Considering artificial changes in ecosystems is essential to understand even natural ecological patterns and processes. A theory overview is performed, including the improvement of concepts and critical analysis, despite the lack of a unifying conceptual framework about forest fragmentation. We also discuss some theories about natural and artificial limits (i.e. boundaries) based on transformations over time and communities/ecosystems retraction and expansion. Ecological succession is briefly discussed using some aspects of Clement’s and Gleason’s conflicting viewpoints and pointing out the need for reviewing some succession models in order to understand some edge effects. About these effects we draft a concise historical perspective regarding the evolution of some concepts. Despite the relatively wide knowledge on edge effects we argue that it is very difficult to predict ecological processes pathways on edges as well as changes on natural patterns.

Key-words:
deforestation; extinction; succession; ecological theory; limits

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  • 1
    Parte da tese do primeiro autor desenvolvida no Curso de Doutorado em Biociências e Biotecnologia da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (fevereiro de 2004)
  • Apoio Financeiro: Fundação Estadual do Norte Fluminense/UENF Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro/PETROBRAS/Convênio 610.4.025.02.3

AGRADECIMENTOS

Agradecemos especialmente ao Dr. Fábio Rúbio Scarano pelas suas valiosas sugestões nas versões iniciais deste trabalho. A João Marcelo de Alvarenga Braga, Mariana de Andrade Iguatemy, Rodolfo C. Real de Abreu, Pablo Viany Prieto e Bruno R. Silva (revisor do abstract) pelas sugestões e a dois asses-sores anônimos pela análise do manuscrito.

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Datas de Publicação

  • Publicação nesta coleção
    Jan-Apr 2006

Histórico

  • Recebido
    Mar 2005
  • Aceito
    Dez 2005
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