A CFD-based analysis of the 14-Bis aircraft aerodynamics and stability

Bitencourt, Leonardo Ostan; Pogorzelski, Gregori; Freitas, Ramon Morais de; Azevedo, João Luiz F.

doi:10.5028/jatm.2011.03021711

Abstract

The work reported in the present paper was performed to honor the centennial of the flight by Alberto Santos Dumont with his 14-Bis aircraft. The paper describes results for a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the 14-Bis aircraft aerodynamics and flight stability. The 14-Bis aircraft geometry was generated from historical sources and observations. CFD computations were performed using well-established commercial codes for calculation of the historical flight conditions. Simulations considered a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes formulation, in which turbulence closure was achieved by using Menter's model. The flight conditions investigated were primarily concerned with historical observations regarding flight speeds and the need for a more powerful engine, as well as flight stability characteristics of the 14-Bis airplane, which are unknown up to the present day. The results led to qualitative agreement with historical reports, although quite interesting conclusions could be drawn with regard to the actual aerodynamic flight speeds and the aircraft stability parameters.

Keywords:
Aerodynamics; CFD; Centennial of flight; Santos Dumont; 14-Bis aircraft

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REFERENCES

Azevedo, J.L.F., 2006, "Aplicações Avançadas de Mecânica dos Fluidos Computacional para Aeronaves de Alto Desempenho," Final Scientific Report, Process FAPESP No. 2000/13768-4, Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
Bitencourt, L.O., Freitas, R.M., Pogorzelski, G. and Azevedo, J.L.F., 2005, "Advanced CFD Analysis of 14-Bis Aircraft," Proceedings of the 18th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, COBEM 2005, ABCM, Ouro Preto, MG.
Bitencourt, L.O., Freitas, R.M., Pogorzelski, G., and Azevedo, J.L.F., 2005, "CFD-Based Analysis of the 14-Bis Aircraft Aerodynamics and Stability," Proceedings of the 11th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering, ENCIT 2006, Paper CIT06-0249, ABCM, Curitiba, PR, Dec. 2006.
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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
May-Aug 2011

History

Received
10 May 2011
Accepted
06 July 2011

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Azevedo, J.L.F., 2006, "Aplicações Avançadas de Mecânica dos Fluidos Computacional para Aeronaves de Alto Desempenho," Final Scientific Report, Process FAPESP No. 2000/13768-4, Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

[2] Bitencourt, L.O., Freitas, R.M., Pogorzelski, G. and Azevedo, J.L.F., 2005, "Advanced CFD Analysis of 14-Bis Aircraft," Proceedings of the 18th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, COBEM 2005, ABCM, Ouro Preto, MG.

[3] Bitencourt, L.O., Freitas, R.M., Pogorzelski, G., and Azevedo, J.L.F., 2005, "CFD-Based Analysis of the 14-Bis Aircraft Aerodynamics and Stability," Proceedings of the 11th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering, ENCIT 2006, Paper CIT06-0249, ABCM, Curitiba, PR, Dec. 2006.

[4] CFX, 2005, http://www.waterloo.ansys.com/cfx/
» http://www.waterloo.ansys.com/cfx/

[5] Field, D.A., 1987, "Laplacian Smoothing and Delaunay Triangulations,» Communications of Applied Numerical Methods, Vol. 4, pp. 709-712.

[6] Freitas, R.M., Bitencourt, L.O., Pogorzelski, G., and Azevedo, J.L.F., 2006, "A CFD Analysis of the 14-Bis Aircraft Aerodynamics,» Proceedings of the 25th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2006, DGLR, Hamburg, Germany.

[7] Greco, P.C., Ribeiro, M.L., 2005, "Estudo das Características Aerodinâmicas, de Estabilidade e de Controle do 14-Bis", Technical Report FAPESP No. 01/11158-7, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil, 2003.

[8] ICEM-CFD, 2005, http://www.icemcfd.com/icemcfd.html
» http://www.icemcfd.com/icemcfd.html

[9] Menter, F.R., 1994, "Two-Equation Eddy-Viscosity Turbulence Models for Engineering Applications," AIAA Journal, Vol. 32, No. 8, pp. 1598-1605.

[10] Pulliam, T.H., 2011, "High Order Accurate Finite Difference Methods: as Seen in OVERFLOW," AIAA Paper No. 2011-3851, Proceedings of the 20th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii.

[11] Van der Vooren, J., and Slooff, J.W., 1990, "CFD Based Drag Prediction: State of the Art Theory and Prospects," Report TP 90247L, National Aerospace Laboratory, The Netherlands.

[12] Vilares, H. D., 1956, "Quem Deu Asas ao Homem", Instituto Nacional do Livro, Rio de Janeiro.

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