Attitude Control of a Satellite by Using Digital Signal Processing

Santana, Adrielle C.; Martins-Filho, Luiz S.; Duarte, Ricardo O.; Arantes Jr., Gilberto; Casella, Ivan S.

doi:10.5028/jatm.2012.04014611

Abstract:

This article has discussed the development of a three-axis attitude digital controller for an artificial satellite using a digital signal processor. The main motivation of this study is the attitude control system of the satellite Multi-Mission Platform, developed by the Brazilian National Institute for Space Research for application in different sort of missions. The controller design was based on the theory of the Linear Quadratic Gaussian Regulator, synthesized from the linearized model of the motion of the satellite, i.e., the kinematics and dynamics of attitude. The attitude actuators considered in this study are pairs of cold gas jets powered by a pulse width/pulse frequency modulator. In the first stage of the project development, a system controller for continuous time was studied with the aim of testing the adequacy of the adopted control. The next steps had included an analysis of discretization techniques, the setting time of sampling rate, and the testing of the digital version of the Linear Quadratic Gaussian Regulator controller in the MATLAB/SIMULINK. To fulfill the study, the controller was implemented in a digital signal processor, specifically the Blackfin BF537 from Analog Devices, along with the pulse width/pulse frequency modulator. The validation tests used a scheme of co-simulation, where the model of the satellite was simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK, while the controller and modulator were processed in the digital signal processor with a tool called Processor-In-the-Loop, which acted as a data communication link between both environments.function and required time to achieve a given mission accuracy are determined, and results are provided as illustration.

Keywords:
SatelliteAttitude Control; Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control; Digital Signal Processor; Pulse Width/ Pulse Frequency Modulation

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REFERENCES

Arantes Jr.,G. et al., 2009, "Optimal on-off attitude control for the Brazilian multi-mission platform satellite", Mathematical Problems in Engineering, v. 2009, ID. 750945.
Ǻstrom, K.J., Witternmark, B., 1997, "Computer Controlled Systems: Theory and Design", New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall.
Bryson Jr, A.E., 1994, "Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft", New Jersey, USA: Princeton University Press.
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Dorf, R.C., Bishop, R.H., 2008, "Modem Control Systems", Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, EUA: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Franklin, G.F. etal., 1998, "Digital Control of Dynamic Systems", Manio Park, Califórnia, USA: Addison Wesley Longman. INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2010, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. Retrieved in March 8, 2010, from http://www.inpe.br/
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Seelaender, G., 2009, "Emulação e Co-Simulação do Sistema de Controle de Atitude da PMM e do Sistema Eletro-Hidráulico de uma Aeronave Usando FPGAs", MSc. Thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Jan-Mar 2012

History

Received
07 Oct 2011
Accepted
22 Dec 2011

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Arantes Jr.,G. et al., 2009, "Optimal on-off attitude control for the Brazilian multi-mission platform satellite", Mathematical Problems in Engineering, v. 2009, ID. 750945.

[2] Ǻstrom, K.J., Witternmark, B., 1997, "Computer Controlled Systems: Theory and Design", New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall.

[3] Bryson Jr, A.E., 1994, "Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft", New Jersey, USA: Princeton University Press.

[4] Buck, N.V., 1996, "Minimum Vibration Maneuvers Using Input Shaping and Pulse-Width, Pulse-Frequency Modulated Thruster Control", MsC. Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Califórnia, USA.

[5] Dorato, P. et al., 1998, "Linear Quadratic Control: an Introduction", New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall.

[6] Dorf, R.C., Bishop, R.H., 2008, "Modem Control Systems", Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, EUA: Pearson Prentice Hall.

[7] Franklin, G.F. etal., 1998, "Digital Control of Dynamic Systems", Manio Park, Califórnia, USA: Addison Wesley Longman. INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2010, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. Retrieved in March 8, 2010, from http://www.inpe.br/
» http://www.inpe.br/

[8] INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2004, "Programa Espacial Brasileiro de Observação da Terra", Anais Seminário de Avaliação e Planejamento da OBT, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil.

[9] Mileski, A.M., 2009, "Entrevista com Gilberto Câmara - Parte II", Portal Panorama Espacial, Retrieved in March 30, 2009, from http://panorama.blogspot.com/2009/03/entrevista-com-gilberto-camara-parte-ii.html
» http://panorama.blogspot.com/2009/03/entrevista-com-gilberto-camara-parte-ii.html

[10] Schröder, R. et al., 2005, "Mapsar: a small l-band sar mission for land observation", Acta Astronautica, Vol. 56, p. 35-43.

[11] Shuster, M.D., 1993, "A survey of attitude representations", The Joumal of the Astronautical Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 4,p. 439-517.

[12] Seelaender, G., 2009, "Emulação e Co-Simulação do Sistema de Controle de Atitude da PMM e do Sistema Eletro-Hidráulico de uma Aeronave Usando FPGAs", MSc. Thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

[13] Soares, P.M.O.R., 1996, "Discretização de Controladores Contínuos", Dissertação de Mestrado, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

[14] Wie, H.W.B., Arapostathis, A., 1989, "Quatemion feedback regulator for spacecraft eigenaxis rotations", Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics, Vol. 12, No. 3, p. 375-380.

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