Indoor Radar Cross Section Measurements of Simple Targets

Miacci, Marcelo Alexandre Souza; Nohara, Evandro Luís; Martin, Inácio Malmonge; Peixoto, Guilherme Gomes; Rezende, Mirabel Cerqueira

doi:10.5028/jatm.2012.04014711

Abstract:

This paper has described the radar absorbing materials characterization and radar cross section measurements, in the frequencyrange of 8 to 12 GHz, using a very simple setup. Simple targets like sphere, cylinder, flatplate, and dihedral comer were characterized by measuring the backscattered radiation patterns when these targets were illuminated by monostatic microwave radiation. Measurements were carried out inside an anechoic chamber (9x5x4m³). Typical radar cross section patterns were obtained in different aspect angles, by rotating the targets around their vertical axes. The measured values and the theoretical previsions for each metallic target showed that the used setup guarantees a good precision of the obtained data. By recovering one of the targets, a cylinder, with a specific radar absorbing material developed at Materials Division of the Brazilian Aeronautics and Space lnstitute, it was possible to compare the obtained patterns and to discuss the influence of radar absorbing materiais on the observed radar cross section reduction patterns. The used methodology showed to be useful for attending aeronautical and telecommunication applications.

Keywords:
Radar Cross Section; Radar Absorbing Materials; Microwave Measurements

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REFERENCES

Biscaro, R.S. et al., 2008, "Influence of doped polyaniline on the interaction of PU/PAni blends and on its microwave absorption properties", Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Vol. 19, pp 151-157.
Burgess, L. R. and Berlekamp, J., 1988, "Understanding Radar Cross-Section Measurements", MSN & CT - Microwaves Systems News & Communications Technology, USA, pp. 54-61.
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Gama, A.M. et al., 2010, "Complex permeability and permittivity variation of carbonyl iron rubber in the frequency range of 2 to 18 GHz", Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 2, pp. 59-62.
Gama, A.M. et al., 2011, "Dependence of microwave absorption properties on ferrite volume fraction in MnZn ferrite/rubber microwave absorbing materiais", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 323, pp. 2782 - 2785.
Hartman, R. and Berlekamp, J., 1988, "Fundamentais of Antenna Test Evaluation". MSN & CT - Microwaves Systems News & Communications Technology, USA, pp. 8-20.
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Lee, S. M., 1991, "International Encyclopedia of Composites", Vol. 6, VHC Publishers, New York, USA.
Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2001a, "Método de Medida de Seção Reta Radar de Objetos Refletores de Ondas Eletromagnéticas na Faixa de 1 GHz a 100 GHz para Caracterização Eletromagnética de Materiais Absorvedores de Radiação Patente", Brazilian Patent (in analysis), MU8102042-2.
Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2001b, "Radar Cross Section Measurements (8-12GHz) of Fiat Plates Painted with Microwave Absorbing Materials", SBMO/IEEE, Belém, PA., Brazil, Vol. 1, pp. 263.
Miacci, M. A. S., 2002, MSc. Dissertation, "Determinação Experimental do Espalhamento Monoestático de Microondas por Alvos de Geometria Simples", Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2002, "Medidas de Refletividade, Transparência e Seção Reta Radar (RCS) de Compósitos Avançados na Faixa de 8 - 12 GHz", Brazilian Microwave and Optoeletronics Symposium, Recife, Brazil.
Rezende, M.C. et al., 2003, "Reflectivity in the microwave range of polyurethane coating loaded with NiZn ferrites", Materials Research, Vol. 1, pp. 1-10.
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Skolnik, M., 1990, "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, USA.
Thomson Inc., 1988, "Luneberg Reflectors and Lenses", Technical Bulletin, September, France.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Jan-Mar 2012

History

Received
07 Oct 2011
Accepted
22 Nov 2011

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Biscaro, R.S. et al., 2008, "Influence of doped polyaniline on the interaction of PU/PAni blends and on its microwave absorption properties", Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Vol. 19, pp 151-157.

[2] Burgess, L. R. and Berlekamp, J., 1988, "Understanding Radar Cross-Section Measurements", MSN & CT - Microwaves Systems News & Communications Technology, USA, pp. 54-61.

[3] Currie, N.C., 1989, "Radar Reflectivity Measurement: Techniques and Applications", lst Edition, Artech House, Norwood, USA.

[4] Dias, J. C., 2000, "Obtenção de Revestimentos Absorvedores de Radiação Eletromagnética (2-18) GHz Aplicados no Setor Aeronáutico", PhD Thesis, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

[5] Faez, R. et al., 2000, "Polímeros condutores intrínsecos e seu potencial em blindagem de radiações eletromagnéticas", Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 10, pp. 130-137.

[6] Faez, R. et al., 2005, "Microwave Absorbing Coatings Based on a Blend of Nitrile Rubber, EPDM Rubber and Polyaniline", Polymer Bulletin (Berlin), Vol. 55, pp. 299-307.

[7] Folgueras, L. C. et al., 2007, "Dielectric Microwave Absorbing Material Processed by Impregnation of Carbon Fiber Fabric with Polyaniline", Materials Research, Vol. 10, No. l, pp. 95-99.

[8] Folgueiras, L.C. et al., 2010, "Dielectric Properties of Microwave Absorbing Sheets Produced with Silicone and Polyaniline", Materials Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 197-201.

[9] Gama, A.M. et al., 2010, "Complex permeability and permittivity variation of carbonyl iron rubber in the frequency range of 2 to 18 GHz", Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 2, pp. 59-62.

[10] Gama, A.M. et al., 2011, "Dependence of microwave absorption properties on ferrite volume fraction in MnZn ferrite/rubber microwave absorbing materiais", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 323, pp. 2782 - 2785.

[11] Hartman, R. and Berlekamp, J., 1988, "Fundamentais of Antenna Test Evaluation". MSN & CT - Microwaves Systems News & Communications Technology, USA, pp. 8-20.

[12] Johnson, R.N., 1992, "Radar Absorbing Material: A Passive Role in an Active Scenario", International Countermeasures Handbook, llth Edition, E.W. Communications, Palo Alto, CA., USA.

[13] Knott, E.F. et al., 1993, "Radar Cross Section". 2nd Edition, Artech House, Inc., Norwood, USA.

[14] Lee, S. M., 1991, "International Encyclopedia of Composites", Vol. 6, VHC Publishers, New York, USA.

[15] Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2001a, "Método de Medida de Seção Reta Radar de Objetos Refletores de Ondas Eletromagnéticas na Faixa de 1 GHz a 100 GHz para Caracterização Eletromagnética de Materiais Absorvedores de Radiação Patente", Brazilian Patent (in analysis), MU8102042-2.

[16] Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2001b, "Radar Cross Section Measurements (8-12GHz) of Fiat Plates Painted with Microwave Absorbing Materials", SBMO/IEEE, Belém, PA., Brazil, Vol. 1, pp. 263.

[17] Miacci, M. A. S., 2002, MSc. Dissertation, "Determinação Experimental do Espalhamento Monoestático de Microondas por Alvos de Geometria Simples", Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

[18] Miacci, M. A. S. et al., 2002, "Medidas de Refletividade, Transparência e Seção Reta Radar (RCS) de Compósitos Avançados na Faixa de 8 - 12 GHz", Brazilian Microwave and Optoeletronics Symposium, Recife, Brazil.

[19] Rezende, M.C. et al., 2003, "Reflectivity in the microwave range of polyurethane coating loaded with NiZn ferrites", Materials Research, Vol. 1, pp. 1-10.

[20] Silva, V.A. et al., 2009, "Comportamento eletromagnético de materiais absorvedores de micro-ondas baseados em hexaferrita de Ca modificada com íons CoTi e dopada com La", Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. l, pp. 255-263.

[21] Skolnik, M., 1990, "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, USA.

[22] Thomson Inc., 1988, "Luneberg Reflectors and Lenses", Technical Bulletin, September, France.

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