Development of Polyamide 6/Compound by Recycled Rubber Blends Using Graphitized Polyethylene or Polypropylene with Maleic Anhydride as Compatibilizer Agent

Silva, Divânia Ferreira da; Araújo, Edcleide Maria; Melo, Tomás Jeferson Alves de

doi:10.5028/jatm.v5i2.164

ABSTRACT:

The toughening of polyamide 6 is desirable for many applications and may be obtained by adding a phase to the elastomeric matrix. However, this leads to a loss in its rigidity characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed at developing blends of polyamide 6/compound by recycled rubber (SBR-R), with the addition of compatibilizer graphitized polyethylene and polypropylene with maleic anhydride method by mixing in the molten state in order to obtain a balance between stiffness and toughness. The systems were prepared in several compositions, and their rheological properties and spectroscopy in the Fourier transform infrared were studied by means of rheological curves obtained in an internal mixer of Haake Buchler. The results obtained with the rheological study and Fourier transform infrared showed that mixtures of polyamide 6/graphitized polyethylene with maleic anhydride presented the best results compared to those of polyamide 6/ graphitized polypropylene with maleic anhydride, probably indicating reaction between the components. Thus, it was chosen graphitized polypropylene with maleic anhydride as a compatibilizing agent for carrying out other characterizations. Blends of polyamide 6/compound by recycled rubber/ graphitized polypropylene with maleic anhydride and their properties were analyzed by means of mechanical tests (tensile and impact), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The impact strength and elastic modulus of the blends compatibilized reduced somewhat when compared to polyamide 6. Therefore, these results indicate a good prospect of application of industrial waste, minimizing the negative effect on the environment and adding value to a disposable material.

KEYWORDS:
Polymers blends; Polyamide 6; Recycled rubber; Compatibilizers

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REFERENCES

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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Apr-Jun 2013

History

Received
02 Oct 2012
Accepted
13 Jan 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Anjos, M.R.O., 2007, “Avaliação do emprego de borrachas SBR utilizadas em solas de calçados pretos de uso da marinha no Brasil”, 93f, Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências em Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.

[2] Bassani, A., Hage Jr., E., Persan, L. A., Machado, A. V. and Covas, J. A. - 2002, “Propriedades Mecânicas de Blendas de Nylon-6/Acrilonitrila-EPDM-Estireno (AES) Compatibilizadas com Copolímero Acrílico Reativo (MMA-MA)”, Polímeros, Vol. 12, No. 2.

[3] Bassani, A., Hage Jr., E. and Persan, L. A., et al., 2005, “Evolução da Morfologia de Fases de Blendas PA6/AES em Extrusora de Dupla Rosca e Moldagem por Injeção”, Polímeros Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 15, p. 176.

[4] Fiegenbaum, F., 2007, “Estudo da Compatibilização das blendas PP/PA6 e PA6/EPR”, 79f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul.

[5] Fornes T. D., Yoon, P. J., Keskkula, H. and Paul, D. R., 2001, “Nylon 6 nanocomposites: The effect of matrix molecular weight”, Polymer, Vol. 42, No. 25, pp. 9929-9940.

[6] Jiang, C., Filippi, S. and Magagnini, P., “Reactive compatibilizer precursors for LDPE/PA6 blends II: maleic anhydride grafted polyethylenes”, Polymer , Vol. 44, p. 2411.

[7] Maglio, G. and Palumbo, R., 1984, “The role of interfacial agents in polymer blends”. Polymer Blends, Processing, Morphology and Properties. New York, Plenum Press, Vol. 2, p. 41.

[8] Newman, S., 1978, Rubber modification of plastics, In: Paul, D.R. and Newman, S. “Polymer Blend”, New York, Academic Press, Vol. 2., p. 63.

[9] Obrecht, W., 2012, “Rubber, 4. Emulsion Rubbers”, Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.

[10] Oliveira, A.D., 2009, “Dispersão seletiva de argila montmorilonita em blendas poliméricas de PA6/ABS”, Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais (PPG-CEM/UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil.

[11] Oliveira, G.H. and Botelho, E.C., 2007, “Avaliação da Resistência à Fadiga do Compósito de Fibras de Carbono/PEI com Aplicações na Indústria Aeroespacial”, Proceedings from IX CECEMM, Florianópolis, Brazil.

[12] Ramya P., Ranganathaiah C., Williams J. F., 2012, “Experimental determination of interface widths in binary polymer blends from free volume measurements”, Polymer , Vol. 53, pp. 4539-4546.

[13] Roeder, J., Oliveira, R. V. B., Gonçalves, M. C., Soldi, V. and Pires, A. T. N., 2002, “Compatibility effect on the thermal degradation behaviour of polypropylene blends with polyamide 6, ethylene propylene diene copolymer and polyurethane”, Polymer Testing, Vol. 21, p. 815.

[14] Utracki, L.A., 2000, “Polymer blends”, Rapra Review Reports, Vol. 11, No. 3.

[15] Vossen, C.A., 2009, “Nanocompósitos de ABS/PA e Argila Organofílica”, 88f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia metalúrgica e de materiais), Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.

[16] Obrecht W., Lambert J., Happ M., Oppenheimer-Stix C., Dunn J. and Krüger R., 2012, “Rubber, 4. Emulsion Rubbers” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.

[17] Yu W., Zhou W. and Zhou C., 2010, “Linear viscoelasticity of polymer blends with co-continuous morphology”, Polymer , Vol. 51, pp. 2091-2098.

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