Environmental Effects on Thermal Properties of PEI/Glass Fiber Composite Materials

Botelho, Edson Cocchieri; Bravim Júnior, José Carlos; Costa, Michelle Leali; Faria, Maria Candida Magalhaes de

doi:10.5028/jatm.v5i2.193

ABSTRACT:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hygrothermal exposure, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, salt spray and thermal shock aging on the thermomechanical behavior of glass fiber reinforced by poly (ether-imide) (PEI) composites. Dynamic mechanical (DMA) and Thermomechanical (TMA) analyses have been performed on the aged PEI composites after being submitted to the climatic chambers. Additional techniques have been used to characterize the laminates, such as optical microscopy and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) in order to evaluate possible structural changes in these materials. Slight changes were observed both in glass transition temperature and in thermal expansion coefficient as a result from the environmental conditioning used (hygrothermal, salt spray, UV radiation and thermal shock conditioning). Thus, when exposed to these conditions, PEI/glass fiber laminates maintain its compromise with the performance component.

KEYWORDS:
Thermoplastic composites; Environmental conditioning; Glass transition temperature; PEI/glass fiber

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REFERENCES

Botelho, E.C. et al., 2005, “Processing and Hygrothermal Effects on Viscoelastic Behavior of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composites”, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 40, No 14, pp. 3615-3623.
Botelho, E.C. et al., 2003, “Mechanical Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polyamide Composites”, Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 63, No 13, pp. 1843-1855.
Botelho, E.C. and Rezende, M.C., 2010, “Evaluation by Free Vibration Method of Moisture Absorption Effects in Polyamide/Carbon Fiber Laminates”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 23, No 2, pp. 207-225.
Botelho, E.C. and Rezende, M.C., 2000, “O uso de Compósitos Estruturais na Indústria Aeroespacial”, Polímeros, Vol. 10, No 2, pp. e4-e10.
Boualem, N. and Sereir, Z., 2011, “Accelerated aging of unidirectional hybrid composites under the long-term elevated temperature and moisture concentration”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 55, No 1, pp. 68-75.
Chawla, N.E.A, 2001, “Thermal-shock behavior of a Nicalon-fiberreinforced hybrid glass-ceramic composite”. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 61, No 13, pp. 1923-1930.
Chevali, V.S. et al., 2010, “Effect of environmental weathering on flexural creep behavior of long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 95, pp. 2628-2640.
Costa, A.A. et al., 2012, “The effect of thermal cycles on the mechanical properties of fiber-metal laminates”, Materials & Design, Vol. 42, pp. 434-440.
Costa, A.P. et al., 2010, “Influence of environmental conditioning on the shear behavior of poly (phenylene sulfide)/glass fiber composites”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 118, No 1, pp. 180-187.
Costa, M.L. et al., 2005, “Hygrothermal Effects on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Fracture Behavior of Polymeric Composites”, Materials Research, Vol. 8, No 3, pp. 335-340.
Diaz, J. and Rubio, L., 2003, “Developments to manufacture structural aeronautical parts in carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic materials”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 143-144, pp. 342-346.
Hufenbach, W. et al., 2011, “The effect of temperature on mechanical properties and failure behaviour of hybrid yarn textile-reinforced thermoplastics”, Materials & Design, Vol. 32, No 8-9, pp. 4278-4288.
Jedidi, J. et al., 2006, “Accelerated hygrothermal cyclical tests for carbon/epoxy laminates”. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 37, No 4, pp. 636-645.
Kellogg, K.G. et al., 2003, “Influence of moisture and reduced-temperature thermal cycles on the izod notch toughness of a pultruded glass-fiber composite”, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 232-239.
Kim, K.Y. and Ye, L., 2005, “Influence of Matrix and Interface on Transverse Mechanical Properties of CF-PEI Thermoplastic Composites at Elevated Temperatures”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites, Vol. 24, No 4, pp. 429-445.
Menard, K.P., 2008, “Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: a practical introduction”, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, USA, 218p.
Oliveira, G.H. et al., 2009, “Influência da Temperatura no Desempenho Mecânico de Compósitos PEI/Fibras de Vidro”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 19, No 4, pp. 305-312.
Ramanujam, N. et al., 2008, “Interlaminar fatigue growth of cross-ply composites under thermal cycles”, Composite Structure, Vol. 85, pp.175-187.
Ray, B.C., 2006, “Temperature effect during humid ageing on interfaces of glass and carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites”, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 298, No 1, pp.111-117.
Viña, J. et al., 2008, “Wear Behavior of a Glass Fiber-Reinforced PEI Composite”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials , Vol. 21, No 3, pp. 279-286.
White, J.R. and Shyichuk, A.V., 2007, “Effect of stabilizer on scission and crosslinking rate changes during photo-oxidation of polypropylene”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 92, No 11, pp. 2095-2101.
Yakimets, I. et al., 2004, “Effect of photo-oxidation cracks on behaviour of thick polypropylene samples”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 86, No 1, pp. 59-67.
Zenasni, R. et al., 2006, “Effect of Hygrothermomechanical Aging on the Interlaminar Fracture Behavior of Woven Fabric Fiber/PEI Composite Materials”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials , Vol. 19, No 4, pp. 385-398.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Apr-Jun 2013

History

Received
22 Nov 2012
Accepted
06 Mar 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Botelho, E.C. et al., 2005, “Processing and Hygrothermal Effects on Viscoelastic Behavior of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composites”, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 40, No 14, pp. 3615-3623.

[2] Botelho, E.C. et al., 2003, “Mechanical Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polyamide Composites”, Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 63, No 13, pp. 1843-1855.

[3] Botelho, E.C. and Rezende, M.C., 2010, “Evaluation by Free Vibration Method of Moisture Absorption Effects in Polyamide/Carbon Fiber Laminates”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 23, No 2, pp. 207-225.

[4] Botelho, E.C. and Rezende, M.C., 2000, “O uso de Compósitos Estruturais na Indústria Aeroespacial”, Polímeros, Vol. 10, No 2, pp. e4-e10.

[5] Boualem, N. and Sereir, Z., 2011, “Accelerated aging of unidirectional hybrid composites under the long-term elevated temperature and moisture concentration”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 55, No 1, pp. 68-75.

[6] Chawla, N.E.A, 2001, “Thermal-shock behavior of a Nicalon-fiberreinforced hybrid glass-ceramic composite”. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 61, No 13, pp. 1923-1930.

[7] Chevali, V.S. et al., 2010, “Effect of environmental weathering on flexural creep behavior of long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 95, pp. 2628-2640.

[8] Costa, A.A. et al., 2012, “The effect of thermal cycles on the mechanical properties of fiber-metal laminates”, Materials & Design, Vol. 42, pp. 434-440.

[9] Costa, A.P. et al., 2010, “Influence of environmental conditioning on the shear behavior of poly (phenylene sulfide)/glass fiber composites”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 118, No 1, pp. 180-187.

[10] Costa, M.L. et al., 2005, “Hygrothermal Effects on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Fracture Behavior of Polymeric Composites”, Materials Research, Vol. 8, No 3, pp. 335-340.

[11] Diaz, J. and Rubio, L., 2003, “Developments to manufacture structural aeronautical parts in carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic materials”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 143-144, pp. 342-346.

[12] Hufenbach, W. et al., 2011, “The effect of temperature on mechanical properties and failure behaviour of hybrid yarn textile-reinforced thermoplastics”, Materials & Design, Vol. 32, No 8-9, pp. 4278-4288.

[13] Jedidi, J. et al., 2006, “Accelerated hygrothermal cyclical tests for carbon/epoxy laminates”. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 37, No 4, pp. 636-645.

[14] Kellogg, K.G. et al., 2003, “Influence of moisture and reduced-temperature thermal cycles on the izod notch toughness of a pultruded glass-fiber composite”, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 232-239.

[15] Kim, K.Y. and Ye, L., 2005, “Influence of Matrix and Interface on Transverse Mechanical Properties of CF-PEI Thermoplastic Composites at Elevated Temperatures”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites, Vol. 24, No 4, pp. 429-445.

[16] Menard, K.P., 2008, “Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: a practical introduction”, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, USA, 218p.

[17] Oliveira, G.H. et al., 2009, “Influência da Temperatura no Desempenho Mecânico de Compósitos PEI/Fibras de Vidro”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 19, No 4, pp. 305-312.

[18] Ramanujam, N. et al., 2008, “Interlaminar fatigue growth of cross-ply composites under thermal cycles”, Composite Structure, Vol. 85, pp.175-187.

[19] Ray, B.C., 2006, “Temperature effect during humid ageing on interfaces of glass and carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites”, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 298, No 1, pp.111-117.

[20] Viña, J. et al., 2008, “Wear Behavior of a Glass Fiber-Reinforced PEI Composite”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials , Vol. 21, No 3, pp. 279-286.

[21] White, J.R. and Shyichuk, A.V., 2007, “Effect of stabilizer on scission and crosslinking rate changes during photo-oxidation of polypropylene”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 92, No 11, pp. 2095-2101.

[22] Yakimets, I. et al., 2004, “Effect of photo-oxidation cracks on behaviour of thick polypropylene samples”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 86, No 1, pp. 59-67.

[23] Zenasni, R. et al., 2006, “Effect of Hygrothermomechanical Aging on the Interlaminar Fracture Behavior of Woven Fabric Fiber/PEI Composite Materials”, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials , Vol. 19, No 4, pp. 385-398.

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