Infrared Spectroscopy Applied to Materials Used as Thermal Insulation and Coatings

Sanches, Natália Beck; Pedro, Ricardo; Diniz, Milton Faria; Mattos, Elizabeth da Costa; Cassu, Silvana Navarro; Dutra, Rita de Cássia Lazzarini

doi:10.5028/jatm.v5i4.265

ABSTRACT:

It is very important to control the characteristics of a polymer used in rubber compositions and paints in aerospace applications. Hence, the development of simple and fast methodologies that allow the identification of these compositions becomes attractive to researches carried out in this area. This study has evaluated infrared (IR) techniques, such as transmission, universal attenuated total reflection (UATR), and attenuated total reflection (ATR), for the characterization of elastomers and paints. It takes into consideration the characteristics of surface techniques, such as the depth of penetration of the IR beam into the sample. The presence of additives in low concentrations on paints was only detected by UATR after grinding the components. Results show that it is possible to differentiate rubber mixtures with similar IR spectra and to detect small amounts of additives in the surface of coatings.

KEYWORDS:
Rubbers; paints; infrared; FT-IR; ATR; UATR

Full text is available only in PDF.

REFERENCES

Abidi, N. and Hequet, E., 2005, “Fourier Transform Infrared analysis of trehalulose and sticky cotton yarn defects using ZnSe-Diamond UATR”, Textile Research Journal, Vol. 75, No. 9, pp. 645-652.
Allen, T.J., 1992, “Paint sample presentation for Fourier transform infrared microscopy”, Vibrational Spectroscopy, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 217-237.
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Campos, E.A., Diniz, M.F., Reis, T.B., Dutra, R.C.L., Rezende, L.C. and Iha, K., 2003, “Aplicação de Técnicas FT-IR na Caracterização de Catalisador Cromito de Cobre. Utilizado na Indústria Aeroespacial”, Anais Associação Brasileira de Química, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 22-25.
Crespim, H., Azevedo, M.F.P, David, L.H., Cassu, S.N. and Lourenço, V.L., 2007, “Substituição de amianto por silicato de alumínio e grafite expansível em compósito de poliuretano utilizado em motor-foguete”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 228-233.
Dutra, J.C.N., Massi, M., Otani, C., Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Urruchi, W.I., Maciel, H. and Bittencourt, E., 2002, “Surface Modification of EPDM Rubber by Reactive Argon-Oxygen Plasma Process”, Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 374, No. 1, pp. 45-52.
Dutra, R.C.L. and Diniz, M.F., 1993, “Resistência à degradação oxidativa e comportamento aos solventes como indicadores da composição de sistemas elastoméricos vulcanizados mistos”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 25-28.
Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Takahashi, M.F.K., 1995, “Importância da Preparação de Amostras em Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) na Investigação de Constituintes em Materiais Compostos”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 41-46.
Faillace, J.C., Medeiros, M.E., Filho, A.M.F., 1999, “Comportamento Térmico do Acelerador de Queima de Propelentes Sólidos, Anais do III Encontro Técnico de Materiais e Química, 3 ^th ETMQ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Matheson, M.J., Wampler, T.P., Simonsick Jr., W.J., 1994, “The effect of carbon-black filling on the pyrolysis behavior of natural and synthetic Rubbers”, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 129-136.
Mattos, E.C., Moreira, E.D., Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Ribeiro, A.P. and Iha, K., 2004, “Determination of the HMX and RDX content in synthesized energetic material by HPLC, FT-MIR and FT-NIR spectroscopies”, Química Nova, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 540-544.
Mazzeo, R., Joseph, E., Prati, S. and Millemaggi, A., 2007, “Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopic Mapping for the Characterization of Paint Cross Sections”, Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 599, No. 1, pp. 107-117.
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» http://www.uff.br/RVQ/index.php/rvq/article/viewFile/248/218
Miliani, C., Ombelli, M., Morresi, A. and Romani, A., 2002, “Spectroscopic study of acrylic resins in solid matrices”, Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 151-152, pp. 276-280.
Moraes, J.H., Sobrinho, A.S.S., Maciel, H.S., Dutra, J.C.N., Massi, M., Mello, S.A.C. and Schreiner, W.H., 2007, “Surface improvement of EPDM rubber by plasma treatment”, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 40, No. 40 pp. 7747. dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/24/022
» dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/24/022
Oliveira, J.I.S., Nagamachi, M.Y., Diniz, M.F., Mattos, E.C. and Dutra, R. C.L., 2011, “Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 269-278.
Pandey, G.C. and Kulshreshtha, A.K., 1993, “Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a quality control tool”, Process Control and Quality, Vol. 4, pp. 109-123.
Pardini, L.C., 2000, “Preformas para Compósitos Estruturais”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 100-109.
Perkin Elmer - Technical Note, 2005, Improved Performance with the New Spectrum 100 UATR Accessory, Retrieved on June 11 2013, from www.perkinelmer.com
» www.perkinelmer.com
Romão, B.M.V., Diniz, M.F., Azevedo, M.F.P, Lourenço, V.L., Pardini, L.C., Dutra, R.C.L., Burel, F., 2006, “Characterization of the Curing Agents Used in Epoxy Resins with TG/FT-IR Technique”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 16, No 2, pp. 94-98.
Sanches, N.B., Diniz, M.F., Reis, T.B., Cassu, S.N., Dutra, R.C.L., 2006, “Avaliação do uso de técnicas PIR-G/FT-IR para caracterização de Elastômeros”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 211-216.
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» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2012.04016011
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Wake, W.C., Tidd, B.K. and Loadman, M.J.R., 1983, “Analysis of Rubber and Rubber-like polymer”, 3 ^rd edition, Applied Science Publishers, New York, pp. 330.
Waltham, 2005, FT-IR Spectroscopy Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR), Technical Note, Catalogue PerkinElmer.
Welin-Berger, K. and Bergenstahl, B., 2000, “Inhibition of Ostwald ripening in local anesthetic emulsions by using hydrophobic excipients in the disperse phase”. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 200, No. 4, pp. 249-260.
Williams, P.T. and Besler, S., 1995, “Pyrolysis-thermogravimetric analysis of tires and tyre components”, Fuel, Vol. 74, No. 9, pp. 1277-1283.
Zhang, W.R., Lowe, C. and Smith, R., 2009, “Depth profiling of coil coating using step-scan photoacoustic FTIR”, Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 469-476.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Oct-Dec 2013

History

Received
11 July 2013
Accepted
18 Oct 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] Abidi, N. and Hequet, E., 2005, “Fourier Transform Infrared analysis of trehalulose and sticky cotton yarn defects using ZnSe-Diamond UATR”, Textile Research Journal, Vol. 75, No. 9, pp. 645-652.

[2] Allen, T.J., 1992, “Paint sample presentation for Fourier transform infrared microscopy”, Vibrational Spectroscopy, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 217-237.

[3] Almeida, E., Balmayore, M. and Santos, T., 2002, “Some relevant aspects of the use of FTIR associated techniques in the study of surfaces and coatings”, Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 233-242.

[4] American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM, 2010, “Book of ASTM Standards”, Philadelphia, D 3677-10, Standards Test Methods for Rubber-Identification by Infrared Spectrophotometry.

[5] Blackford, R., 1999, “Performance demands on aerospace paints relative to environmental legislation”, Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol. 28, No. 6, pp. 331-335.

[6] Campos, E.A., Diniz, M.F., Reis, T.B., Dutra, R.C.L., Rezende, L.C. and Iha, K., 2003, “Aplicação de Técnicas FT-IR na Caracterização de Catalisador Cromito de Cobre. Utilizado na Indústria Aeroespacial”, Anais Associação Brasileira de Química, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 22-25.

[7] Crespim, H., Azevedo, M.F.P, David, L.H., Cassu, S.N. and Lourenço, V.L., 2007, “Substituição de amianto por silicato de alumínio e grafite expansível em compósito de poliuretano utilizado em motor-foguete”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 228-233.

[8] Dutra, J.C.N., Massi, M., Otani, C., Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Urruchi, W.I., Maciel, H. and Bittencourt, E., 2002, “Surface Modification of EPDM Rubber by Reactive Argon-Oxygen Plasma Process”, Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, Vol. 374, No. 1, pp. 45-52.

[9] Dutra, R.C.L. and Diniz, M.F., 1993, “Resistência à degradação oxidativa e comportamento aos solventes como indicadores da composição de sistemas elastoméricos vulcanizados mistos”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 25-28.

[10] Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Takahashi, M.F.K., 1995, “Importância da Preparação de Amostras em Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) na Investigação de Constituintes em Materiais Compostos”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 41-46.

[11] Faillace, J.C., Medeiros, M.E., Filho, A.M.F., 1999, “Comportamento Térmico do Acelerador de Queima de Propelentes Sólidos, Anais do III Encontro Técnico de Materiais e Química, 3 ^th ETMQ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

[12] Ferrari, V.C.G.M., Lourenço, V.L., Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Azevedo, M.F.P., David, L.H., 2012, “Caracterização de um Pré-Impregnado Aeronáutico por FT-IR e Análise Térmica”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 369-377.

[13] Hori, K., Iwama, A., Fukuda, T., 1990, “FTIR spectroscopic study on the Interaction between Ammonium Perchlorate and Bonding Agents”, Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 99-102.

[14] Lindner, W., 2005, “Surface Coatings”, In: Directory of Microbicides for the Protection of Materials, Edited by Paulus, W., Springer, New York.

[15] Lourenço, V.L., Kawamoto, A.M., Sciamareli, J., Rezende, L.C., Pires, D.C., Takahashi, M.F.K., Berdugo, A.V., Cruz, S.M., Dutra, R.C.L. and Soares, B.G. 2006, “Determinação da distribuição de funcionalidade de HTPB e verificação de sua influência no comportamento mecânico de poliuretano utilizado em motor-foguete”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 66-70.

[16] Mateo, M.P., Ctvrtnickova, T. and Nicolas, G., 2009, “Characterization of pigments used in painting by means of laser-induced plasma and attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy”, Applied Surface Science, Vol. 255, No. 10, pp. 5172-5176.

[17] Matheson, M.J., Wampler, T.P., Simonsick Jr., W.J., 1994, “The effect of carbon-black filling on the pyrolysis behavior of natural and synthetic Rubbers”, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 129-136.

[18] Mattos, E.C., Moreira, E.D., Dutra, R.C.L., Diniz, M.F., Ribeiro, A.P. and Iha, K., 2004, “Determination of the HMX and RDX content in synthesized energetic material by HPLC, FT-MIR and FT-NIR spectroscopies”, Química Nova, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 540-544.

[19] Mazzeo, R., Joseph, E., Prati, S. and Millemaggi, A., 2007, “Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopic Mapping for the Characterization of Paint Cross Sections”, Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 599, No. 1, pp. 107-117.

[20] Mello, V.M. and Suarez, P.A.Z., “As Formulações de Tintas Expressivas Através da História”, Revista Virtual de Química, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 2-12, Retrieved on June 11 2013, 2012, from http://www.uff.br/RVQ/index.php/rvq/article/viewFile/248/218
» http://www.uff.br/RVQ/index.php/rvq/article/viewFile/248/218

[21] Miliani, C., Ombelli, M., Morresi, A. and Romani, A., 2002, “Spectroscopic study of acrylic resins in solid matrices”, Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 151-152, pp. 276-280.

[22] Moraes, J.H., Sobrinho, A.S.S., Maciel, H.S., Dutra, J.C.N., Massi, M., Mello, S.A.C. and Schreiner, W.H., 2007, “Surface improvement of EPDM rubber by plasma treatment”, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 40, No. 40 pp. 7747. dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/24/022
» dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/40/24/022

[23] Oliveira, J.I.S., Nagamachi, M.Y., Diniz, M.F., Mattos, E.C. and Dutra, R. C.L., 2011, “Assessment of the synthesis routes conditions for obtaining ammonium dinitramide by the FT-IR”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 269-278.

[24] Pandey, G.C. and Kulshreshtha, A.K., 1993, “Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a quality control tool”, Process Control and Quality, Vol. 4, pp. 109-123.

[25] Pardini, L.C., 2000, “Preformas para Compósitos Estruturais”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 100-109.

[26] Perkin Elmer - Technical Note, 2005, Improved Performance with the New Spectrum 100 UATR Accessory, Retrieved on June 11 2013, from www.perkinelmer.com
» www.perkinelmer.com

[27] Romão, B.M.V., Diniz, M.F., Azevedo, M.F.P, Lourenço, V.L., Pardini, L.C., Dutra, R.C.L., Burel, F., 2006, “Characterization of the Curing Agents Used in Epoxy Resins with TG/FT-IR Technique”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 16, No 2, pp. 94-98.

[28] Sanches, N.B., Diniz, M.F., Reis, T.B., Cassu, S.N., Dutra, R.C.L., 2006, “Avaliação do uso de técnicas PIR-G/FT-IR para caracterização de Elastômeros”, Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 211-216.

[29] Santos, R.P., Oliveira Junior, M.S., Mattos, E.C., Diniz, M.F. and Dutra, R.C.L., 2013, “Study by FT-IR Technique and Adhesive Properties of Vulcanized EPDM Modified with Plasma”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 65-74.

[30] Sciamareli, J., Cassu, S.N. and Iha, K., 2012, “Water influence in poly (epichlororydrin) synthesis: An Intermediate to Energetic Propellants”, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 41-44. doi:10.5028/jatm.2012.04016011
» https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2012.04016011

[31] Silverstein, R.M., Webster, F.X. and Kiemle, D.J., 2005, “Spectrometric identification of organic compounds”, John Wiley & Sons, New York.

[32] Smith, A.L., 1979, “Applied Infrared Spectroscopy”, John Wiley & Sons, New York , pp. 286.

[33] Szafarska, M., Woźniakiewicz, M., Pilch, M., Zięba-Palus, J. and Kościelniak, P., 2009, “Computer analysis of ATR-FTIR spectra of paint samples for forensic purposes. Journal of Molecular Structure”, Vols. 924-926, pp. 504-513.

[34] Wake, W.C., Tidd, B.K. and Loadman, M.J.R., 1983, “Analysis of Rubber and Rubber-like polymer”, 3 ^rd edition, Applied Science Publishers, New York, pp. 330.

[35] Waltham, 2005, FT-IR Spectroscopy Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR), Technical Note, Catalogue PerkinElmer.

[36] Welin-Berger, K. and Bergenstahl, B., 2000, “Inhibition of Ostwald ripening in local anesthetic emulsions by using hydrophobic excipients in the disperse phase”. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Vol. 200, No. 4, pp. 249-260.

[37] Williams, P.T. and Besler, S., 1995, “Pyrolysis-thermogravimetric analysis of tires and tyre components”, Fuel, Vol. 74, No. 9, pp. 1277-1283.

[38] Zhang, W.R., Lowe, C. and Smith, R., 2009, “Depth profiling of coil coating using step-scan photoacoustic FTIR”, Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 469-476.

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