Detection and quantification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and its variant fuscans in common bean seeds

Detecção e quantificação de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli em sementes de feijoeiro comum

Abstracts

The common bacterial blight of common beans (CBCF), a disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans (Xapf), significantly reduces grain yield and seed quality. Because this bacterium is mainly disseminated through infected seeds, efficient detection of Xap and Xapf is important to assure the productivity and quality of the crop. In this study, various techniques that included different extraction techniques (two different incubation times, with and without centrifugation) and five culture media (Kado 523, GYCA, MXP, NSA, and PTSA) were tested for the detection of the seed-borne inoculum, using three different seed samples. Overnight incubation of the seeds, followed by centrifugation and incubation in Kado 523 resulted in higher extraction of Xap and Xapf. The best extraction technique was overnight incubation followed by centrifugation, and the best medium was PTSA. Among the tested culture media, PTSA provided better identification and counting of the bacterial colonies, thus allowing the quantification of the seed infection levels.

seed pathology; bacterial extraction; culture media; dry beans

O crestamento bacteriano comum do feijoeiro (CBCF), incitado pela bactéria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) e sua variante fuscans, é responsável pela qualidade da semente e por considerável redução no rendimento da cultura, sendo a principal fonte primária desse patógeno, contribuindo para sua sobrevivência e disseminação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de métodos de extração e de meios de cultura, para os processos de detecção e de quantificação de Xap e Xapf em sementes de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), que sejam sensíveis, rápidos e econômicos para análise laboratorial de rotina. Compararam-se quatro técnicas de extração e o desempenho de cinco meios de cultura, empregando-se amostras de sementes de dois cultivares de feijoeiro, cultivados em duas safras. Os métodos de extração foram constituídos por dois tempos de incubação, com e sem centrifugação, associados aos meios de cultura 523 Kado e MXP. O desempenho dos meios de cultura envolveram 523 Kado, MXP, GYCA, NSA e PTSA. O melhor método de extração foi a incubação por uma noite, seguida de centrifugação, e o meio de cultura de melhor desempenho foi o PTSA, por facilitar a identificação e a enumeração de colônias típicas de Xap e Xapf e permitir a determinação de diferenças nos níveis de infecção nas amostras de semente estudadas.

patologia de sementes; meio de cultura; Phaseolus vulgaris; bactéria

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  20 Jan 2014
• Date of issue
  2013

History

• Received
  12 Mar 2012
• Accepted
  26 Sept 2013