Priming lexical em crianças fluentes e com gagueira do desenvolvimento

Lexical priming in fluent and with developmental stuttering children

Resumos

OBJETIVO: Examinar a possível relação entre variáveis lexicais (categorização e nomeação) e gagueira do desenvolvimento. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 30 crianças falantes do português brasileiro, entre 7 a 9 anos e 11 meses. Foi utilizado o paradigma de priming lexical para investigar experimentalmente se as crianças com gagueira do desenvolvimento (Grupo Pesquisa) se diferenciam de seus pares fluentes (Grupo Controle), em relação ao tempo de reação em três condições de pesquisa - condição controle (sem prime); condição de prime semanticamente relacionado e condição de prime semanticamente independente -, em duas tarefas experimentais: categorização e nomeação do estímulo-alvo. RESULTADOS: Na tarefa de categorização, não houve diferença no tempo de reação entre os grupos. O tempo de reação foi diferente para cada condição, porém, a variação foi similar em ambos os grupos. Houve efeito de prime entre as condições sem prime e prime relacionado indicando que, para ambos os grupos, o tempo de reação foi menor na condição de prime relacionado. Na tarefa de nomeação, houve diferença no tempo de reação entre os grupos. O tempo de reação no Grupo Pesquisa foi maior em relação ao Grupo Controle. Não houve efeito de prime, ou seja, em qualquer condição, o Grupo Pesquisa apresentou tempo de reação maior. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados da pesquisa confirmaram a hipótese de que, nas crianças com gagueira do desenvolvimento, a prontidão na programação motora da fala - input - é lentificada, em relação ao Grupo de Controle de crianças fluentes. Não há diferença entre os grupos quando a função lexical não exige prontidão para a fala.

Gagueira; Criança; Priming; Tempo de reação; Linguagem; Fala; Métodos

PURPOSE: To examine the possible relationship between lexical variables (categorization and naming) and developmental stuttering. METHODS: Thirty Brazilian Portuguese speaking children with ages ranging from 7 to 9 years and 11 months participated in the study. We applied a lexical priming paradigm to experimentally investigate whether children with developmental stuttering (Research Group) differed from their fluent peers (Control Group), with respect to reaction time in three conditions - control (without prime); semantically related prime, and semantically independent prime - of two experimental tasks: categorization and naming of the target stimulus. RESULTS: No difference between groups was observed in reaction time on the categorization task. However, there was a condition effect showing that, for both groups, reaction time was shorter in the semantically related prime condition when compared to the no prime condition. In the naming task, a between-group difference was observed in reaction time, indicating a longer reaction time in the Research Group than the Control Group. There was no condition effect on naming, i.e. the Research Group showed slower reaction time regardless of prime type. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the hypothesis that, in children with developmental stuttering, readiness in motor programming of speech is slowed when compared to fluent children. There is no difference between groups when the lexical function does not require speech readiness.

Stuttering; Child; Priming; Reaction time; Language; Speech; Methods

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  25 Jun 2015
• Data do Fascículo
  2013

Histórico

• Recebido
  08 Fev 2012
• Aceito
  06 Set 2012