Medidas de tempo de trânsito oral em crianças com paralisia cerebral de diferentes níveis motores e sua relação com o grau de severidade para disfagia

Temporal measurements of oral transit time in children with cerebral palsy of different levels motors and the relationship with the severity of dysphagia

Resumos

OBJETIVO: Verificar o tempo de preparo e de trânsito oral da deglutição de crianças com paralisia cerebral e relacioná-lo ao grau de severidade da disfagia e ao nível motor, de acordo com o Gross Motor Function Classification System. MÉTODOS: Participaram desta pesquisa 50 crianças com paralisia cerebral, média de idade de 3,6 anos, sendo dez crianças de cada nível motor. A avaliação fonoaudiológica clínica da deglutição consistiu na oferta de alimentos nas consistências "líquido fino" (água) e "pastoso homogêneo" (iogurte tipo petit suisse). Foi mensurado o tempo de preparo e de trânsito oral e realizado o diagnóstico da função de deglutição, classificando-a em normal, disfagia leve, moderada, ou grave. RESULTADOS: A média do tempo de deglutição foi de 1,33 segundos para a consistência líquida e de 3,33 segundos para a consistência pastosa. Quanto maior o nível motor do grupo de crianças, maior o tempo de deglutição para a consistência líquida. Encontrada diferença significativa entre os grupos para as duas consistências, com aumento progressivo do tempo de deglutição quanto maior o comprometimento da função de deglutição. CONCLUSÃO: O tempo de trânsito oral em crianças com paralisia cerebral mostrou-se aumentado e pôde representar a gravidade da disfagia apresentada, já que esse aumento ocorreu conforme maior o comprometimento da função de deglutição. Quanto maior o comprometimento motor global apresentado, maior o tempo de trânsito oral.

Paralisia cerebral; Transtorno de deglutição; Tempo; Deglutição; Criança

PURPOSE: To verify the oral transit time in children with cerebral palsy, and relating it to the degree of dysphagia severity and motor level. METHODS: The sample was 50 children with cerebal palsy, 23 males and 27 females, mean age of 3 years 7 months. The clinical assessment consisted in to provide food in liquid and pasty consistency. It measured the time of oral transit, and performed the diagnosis of swallowing function classifying it into normal, mild, moderate or severe dysphagia. RESULTS: The mean of oral transit time was found to be 1.33 seconds to liquid and 3.33 seconds for pasty consistency. As higher the level of the motor group of children, higher the time for swallowing liquid consistency, which was statistically significant. Statistically significant difference was found between groups for both consistencies, with a progressive increase of the time in accordance with the increase in impairment of swallowing. CONCLUSION: The oral transit time in children with cerebral palsy was found increased and may represent the severity of dysphagia presented, because this time was longer as worse the impairment in swallowing function. The higher the overall motor impairment presented, the longer oral transit time.

Cerebral palsy; Deglutition disorders; Time; Deglutition; Child

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  14 Out 2013
• Data do Fascículo
  2013

Histórico

• Recebido
  03 Jun 2013
• Aceito
  14 Ago 2013