Estéreos pessoais: hábitos auditivos e avaliação audiológica

Hearing habits and audiological evaluation in adults

Resumos

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar os hábitos auditivos e relacioná-los aos achados audiológicos de adultos sem queixas auditivas, usuários de estéreos pessoais. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 85 indivíduos, com idades entre 18 e 34 anos, com audição normal, sem exposição a ruído ocupacional. Todos responderam a um questionário de hábitos auditivos, disponibilizado na Internet e foram convocados para a avaliação audiológica: Audiometria Altas Frequências, Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas por Estímulo Transiente (EOAT) e Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas por Produto de Distorção (EOAPD). RESULTADOS: Os participantes do estudo ficam expostos à música por mais de duas horas diárias, há mais de quatro anos, normalmente em meios de transporte. Observou-se um entalhe em 6 kHz no delineamento da configuração audiométrica a partir das médias dos limiares auditivos de via aérea, característico de PAIR. Quanto maior o tempo (em anos) de exposição ao som, maior a chance de ausência de EOAT e incidência de zumbido. A maioria se preocupa com a saúde auditiva e acredita que os maus hábitos podem causar danos à audição. CONCLUSÃO: Embora os indivíduos não tenham apresentado queixas auditivas, aspectos relacionados à exposição ao ruído foram evidenciados, tais como zumbido, estresse e relatos de dificuldade crescente de inteligibilidade de fala com o aumento do ruído ambiental.

Audiologia; Serviços preventivos de saúde; Música; Perda auditiva; Fatores de risco

PURPOSE: To characterize the hearing habits of personal stereo users, without hearing complaints and to correlate the hearing habits and the audiological findings of these adults. METHODS: Eighty-five adults (54 females and 31 males), aged between 18 and 34 years, without occupational noise exposure, and personal stereo users participated in this study. They answered a questionnaire about hearing habits and had their hearing tested at the Federal University of São Paulo. The procedures included: Pure Tone Audiometry; High-frequency Audiometry; Immitance measures; Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE). RESULTS: Study participants have been exposed for more than two hours daily to music presented through headphones for over four years, usually when while commuting. Difficulty understanding in a noisy environment increases with environment noise and twenty-one subjects reported having tinnitus. The majority is worried about hearing health and believes that bad habits can damage their hearing. There was a 6 kHz notch in the audiometric which is characteristic of Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). The longer the time (in years) of sound exposure, the greater the chance of TEOAE absence and incidence of tinnitus. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that, although individuals did not have hearing complaints, issues related to noise exposure were observed, such as tinnitus, stress and difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments.

Audiology; Preventive health services; Music; Hearing loss; Risk factor

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Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  14 Out 2013
• Data do Fascículo
  2013

Histórico

• Recebido
  26 Ago 2012
• Aceito
  12 Jun 2013