Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract Buen Vivir has recently emerged in Latin America as an alternative societal model to the historical liberal (or neoliberal) and Marxist ones. The article focuses on its Ecuadorian variant and, more specifically, the institutionalized version embodied in the 2008 Constitution and the policies of the Citizens’ Revolution governments. This version is the particular result of the convergence of three different currents and has become the hegemonic ideology in the country. The article describes its main thematic axes and appraises its originality, as well as the theoretical and practical contributions.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract Previous studies have investigated technology’s impact on international affairs, but few have analyzed the effect of artificial intelligence on the international system structure. This study integrates heterogeneous datasets and network science concepts with several power factors and artificial intelligence advances as a methodology to understand the evolution of the international system with a perspective around research, knowledge, innovation, and technology as an endogenous variable. Our findings indicate that the international fitness variable could be considered as a mechanism to interpret the system dynamics, especially when artificial intelligence interacts with different topics of the system. Overall, we provide quantitative evidence of the evolution of artificial intelligence innovations and technological power to identify system structure changes, both in central and peripheral countries.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract Using a neoclassical realist model, this paper builds an analytical model to understand how countries are able to change or adjust their security and foreign policies. The article analyzes Japan’s foreign and security policies under the Shinzo Abe government, exploring how the Japanese government’s internal and international propaganda on Chinese maritime assertiveness and the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands issue influenced the government’s capacity to mobilize resources in order to transform security policies and legitimize Japan’s military role in the Asia Pacific.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This article makes a comparison between the challenges faced by the US to maintain its hegemonic position at the end of the 1970s and in the 2010s. To do so we review Robert Gilpin’s writing during the first period. He suggested the US had three options: 1) a defensive protectionist reaction 2) fragmentation of the international system 3) a new wave of innovation, (“rejuvenation”). It is argued that the Reagan administration was able to establish support for the third option. We argue the US is now faced with the same dilemma again, but with a different kind of challenger: China.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This article’s main objective is to examine the political economy of the economic reforms implemented in the 1990s and examine the main factors which explain India’s economic rise in the 21st century. We argue that the productive investments and the country’s opening to the global economy have contributed to economic growth, but that this rise leads to the formation of a “dual economy.” Continuing reforms thereby become necessary for India in order to achieve inclusive growth and structural transformation, overcome the dual economy challenge and gain strength in the international system.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This research consolidates debates around the impact of international norm contestation and evaluates previous findings. It conceptualises a typology for norms and norm contestation and applies this framework to R2P to test its explanatory effectiveness. The typologies draw on work by Finnemore and Sikkink, as well as the applicatory versus justificatory discourse by Deitelhoff and Zimmermann and Wiener’s modes of contestation, amongst others. It also proposes additional factors such as the location of contestation as well as the commonalities of norm challengers. The recent conceptualisation around norm robustness is found to be only useful in evaluating the strength of norms.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This article sheds light on the way narratives translate into policy outcomes and enable foreign policy change. How is it that narratives shape foreign policy change? The analysis focuses on the public discursive strategy employed during the US Congress debate over the 60-day review period of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). This article intends to contribute to the literature on policy narratives in International Relations (IR). I argue that foreign policy decisions are framed in a manner that seeks to ensure their supremacy in the context of a process of political contestation of meaning and of attempts to deconstruct and delegitimise alternative narratives.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract Many important studies associate the presidential profile of Dilma Rousseff to the loss of domestic density and reach of Brazil’s foreign policy, a perspective not yet confirmed by psychological mechanisms of leadership behavior in foreign policy. We offer a contribution by exploring the Leadership Trait Analysis framework with which personality concepts and comparisons between Brazilian presidents are examined. Our main findings reveal that Rousseff has leadership traits in close proximity to the average of Brazilian presidents, although her distinctions on “respecting constrains” and “focusing on causes” style mirror much of the impressions raised by the literature over her presidency.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract During the Cold War, attempts to create a High Commissioner for Human Rights within the UN were met with strong support and opposition. In the 1970s, human rights escalated in the public imagination, and in 1977 a new proposal was advanced with backing by the Carter administration, but failed. However, the Cold War does not fully explain how countries like Brazil reacted. Using secret diplomatic documents, we argue that the dictatorial Geisel administration was more concerned with the domestic process of distention and considered the new human rights advance a threat to its political project, antagonizing the High Commissioner proposal by using the same arguments of the USSR, despite its anti-communist rhetoric.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This article aims to provide a framework for conceptualizing the China-US rivalry. It argues that while the China-US rivalry is distorted to be an analogy to the Cold War, it must be understood as an intra-core competition between two different capitalisms. Theoretically the paper is inspired by the world system theory’s perspective on “cycles of hegemony” and the Kautsky-Lenin debate on inter-capitalism relationships. The causal nexus of the two theories explains that the China-US rivalry is in a new phase of the cycles of capital accumulation, and China’s changing competitive dynamics led by its state capitalism model have generated disadvantageous effect on the US hegemony. The paper’s conclusion is that China-US competition will shape the trajectory of world order for decades to come.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract This article aspires to evaluate the foreign policy strategy and agenda pursued during President Dilma Rousseff’s administration. Thus, the authors aim to describe the events of the article aspires to evaluate the foreign policy strategy pursued during President Dilma Rousseff’ administration. In order to do so, the article addresses not only general aspects from a theoretical approach to foreign policy analysis, but also the presidential diplomacy concepts in Rousseff’s administration, as well as thematic, multilateral and regional aspects of Brazilian external action. By organizing Brazil’s diplomatic trajectory during almost six years, we propose an interpretation, based on foreign policy analysis literature. According to this analysis, we perceive the retraction vis-à-vis Lula’s foreign policy as a result of the consolidation of previously established initiatives, through a follow-up phase.Resumo em Inglês:
Abstract From 2003 until 2021, Brazilian foreign policy has endured several changes and upheavals that are affecting its international relations traditions and projection. This process is generated by domestic political struggles, the instability of the world’s balance of power towards multipolarity and is linked to a more comprehensive strategy of public policies. Based on a qualitative review and critical analysis, the aim of this article is to examine these agendas, and the combined and unbalanced axis of the current foreign policy transition.