Resumo em Português:

Nos municípios de Duque de Caxias e Nova Iguaçu, que fazem parte do Grande Rio de Janeiro, foram encontrados domicílios infestados pelo T. infestans. Em duas locdades do Município de Duque de Caxias (Amapá e Piranema) foram encontrados T. infestans infectados por flagelados morfologicamente indistinguíveis do Trypanosoma cruzi, sendo de notar que alguns dêsses insetos foram coletados em uma casa em que os moradores nunca tinham estado em zona afetada pela doença de Chagas. Os autores concluam que a infestação deve ser recente e discutem o problema dêsse triatomíneo estar proliferando num clima opôsto ao de sua área de dispersão e numa região onde os triatomíneos silvestres, que penetram nos domicílios, não conseguem formar colônias.

Resumo em Inglês:

In the municipalites of Duque de Caxias and Nova Iguaçú, which are a part of the Greater Rio de Janeiro, dwellings were found infested by T. infestans. T. infestans infected by flagellates morphologically indistinguishable from Trypanosoma (S) cruzi were found in two localities in the municipality of Duque de Caxias (Amapá and Piranema). It was noted that some of these insects were collected in a house in which the dwellers have never been in a zone affected by Chagas' disease. The authors conclude that the infestation is probably recent and discuss the problem of this Triatoma prolifering in a climate opposite to its area of disrpersion and in a region where sylvan triatoma, which penetrates into the dwellings, is not able to form colonies.

Resumo em Português:

Descreve-se neste trabalho um foco de doença de Chagas transmitida pelo Triatoma infestans na Baixada Fluminénse, Município de Caxias, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde de 33 casas investigadas em 18 foi referida a presença de triatomineos, vários deles infectados com T. cruzi. Um inquérito sorológico realizado em 110 pessoas residentes nesta área revelou a positividade da reação de fixação do complemento para doença de Chagas em 6, três dos quais tiveram xenodiagnóstico positivo para T. cruzi. Dos 6 pacientes com R.F.C. positiva 3 são naturais da área do foco, inclusive 1 com xenodiagnóstico positivo, comprovando-se assim a transmissão autóclone da doença. Os autores chamam a atenção para a quebra da "barreira ecológica" na dispersão conhecida do Triatoma infestans com adaptação ao domicilio humano numa região onde as condições climátitcas (temperatura, umidade, etc.) deveriam ser desfavoráveis ao desenvolvimento da espécie. Fato da maior importância epidemiológica foi considerada a adaptação de uma espécie de grande capacidade vetora da doença de Chagas, numa área de grande densidade populacional e baixas condições sócio-econômicas sanitárias. Apesar do T. cruzi isolado parecer de baixa patogenicidade consideram os autores uma maior necessidade de "quantificação" no estudo experimental das mostras isoladas.

Resumo em Inglês:

A focus of Chagas' disease transmitted by Triatoma infestans is described in the lowlands of the Fluminense area, Municipality of Caxias, State of Rio de Janeiro. Out of 33 dwellings investigated, the presence of triatomides was noted in 18, various of them infected by T. cruzi. A sorological survey made in 110 people living in this area revealed a positivity in the complement fixation test for Chagas' disease in six, three of which. had positive xenodiagnosis for T. cruzi. Out of six patients with C.F.T. positive, including one with a positive xenodiagnosis, three have always lived in the focus area. This coula, therefore, prove the autochtonal transmission of the diseuse. The authors call attetion to the break in the "ecological barrier" in the known dispersion of T. infestans, with adaptations to human dwellings in a region where the climatic conditions (temperature, humidity) etc.) should be disfavorable to the development of this species. The most important epidemiological fact was lhe adaptation of one species with a great capacity as a vector of Chagas' disease in an area with a dense population and very low social, economic and sanitary conditions. Despite the fact that T. cruzi appears to be of low pathogenicity, the authors believe that it is necessary to carry out a greater number of experimental studies of the isolated samples.

Resumo em Inglês:

The literature on the thermosensitive properties of strains or species of Leishmania and of other miercorganisms is revised. Cutaneous or mucocutaneous strains that infect animais in the coldest areas of the skin or mucosa in general can not grow in tissue culture at 37°C or higher temperatures and their respiratory metabolism decreases at these temperatures. These facts suggest a thermosensitive event in some important metabolism phase of the organisme. The strains or species that are able to produce visceral leishmaniasis were probably originated from cutaneous strains after genetioally determined physiological adaptation, to warmer temperatures. These strains can not only visceralize in animais and man but will also grow in tissue culture at 36-37°C and the respiratory metabolism will be higher at such temperatures. There are reasons to believe that intermediate strains, i. e., with properties of both groupsí do exist. A thermosensitive physiological event is a more general phenomenon and examples of it can also be found in the fields of virology, bacteriology and mycology. It has practical applications since some of the diseases produced by these agents can be cured by treatments with heat or artificial fever. Experiments along these line were performed on hamsters with a Costa Rican strain of L. braziliensis as an experimental model. Even after intraperitoneal inoculation lesions appear in the nose, ears, paws and tail with a subcutaneous temperature bellow 33°C at 22-24°C. Healing of the lesión is accomplished by increasing room temperature. A good lesión is produced in the rump of the animal if the area is depilated (comercial cream depilatory) previously and the naked skin cooled artificially. Elevated temperature, or the growing back of the hair will tend to diminish or cure the lesion.

Resumo em Português:

Os Autores estudam as alterações do pericárdio, especialmente do pericárdio visceral na cardiopatia chagásica, confrontando-se com as alterações, observadas em outras cardiopatias (reumáticas e hipertensivas). Analisam as alterações pericárdicas no camundongo experimentalmente infectado e discutem especialmente a natureza e a gênese das lesões, a evolução e a correlação dos vários aspectos morfológicos entre si.

Resumo em Inglês:

The Authors have studied on this paper the pericardic alterations cbserved in the human Chagas' disease and have oompared them with the pericárdio alterations recorded in rheumatic and hypertensive heart diseases. They also analised the pericardial alterations in the experimental Chagas' disease in mice. The pathogenesis and evolution of the lesions are discussed.

Resumo em Português:

Os autores estudam o emprego da associação medicamentosa Piperazina - Tiabendazol em 405 escolares cujas idades variaram entre 4 e 14 anos e relatam cura nas seguintes percentagens: ancilostomideos 90,6% - Ascaris 91,7% - Giardia 52,2% - Strongyloides 100% - Tricocephalus 48,0% e Enterobius 100%. Referem alto nível de tolerância com 96% de ausência de fenômenos colaterais.

Resumo em Inglês:

The authors present the results of an association of piperazine and thiabendazole in the treatment of parasitic infections of 405 school children. Drug mas given in a 5 day schedule, in a total dose of 3750 mg of piperazine and 1773 mg of thiabendazole. Cure was achieved in 90,6% of the hookwarm infections, in 91,7% of ascariasis, in 100% of strongyloidiasis, in 48% of T. trichiura infection and in 100% of enterobiasis. A cure rate of 52,2% was observed in giardiasis. Tolerance to the drug was considered very good, as 96% of the children did not compííxin of any side effects.

Resumo em Português:

O autor descreve um caso de estrongiloidíase grave com síndrome de má absorção, alterações "tubuliformes" das alças jejunais, com presença de numerosas larvas rabditóides nas fezes e filarióides de Strongyloides stercoralis no esputo, o qual curou-se do ponto-de-vista clínico, laboratorial e radiológico após tratamento específico com Thiabendazol.

Resumo em Inglês:

The Author report a severe case due to Strongyloidiasis presented in a patient with moderate abdominal pain, intense diarrhea (with stools light in color, bulky, and foul smelling), markedly emaciation, cachexia, edema, and law stercoralis larvae in feces, and sputum (ectopic form) examinations; malabsorption syndrome was evidenced by low excretion of D-xylose and increased fecal fat excretion. X-ray study of small bowel demonstrated the "rigid tube" aspect of the proximal jejunal mucosae. After Thiabendazole therapy showed normalization of X-Ray changes, clinical picture, and laboratory date. A review study of fatal cases presented in the literature is performed.