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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Volume: 53, Número: 2-3-4, Publicado: 1955
  • Êste Volume das Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz é publicado em homenagem ao Professor Dr. Henrique de Beaurepaire Aragão

    Xavier, Antônio Augusto
  • Notas bio-bibliográficas do Prof. Dr. Henrique de Beaurepaire Aragão, Diretor Emérito do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

    Nery-Guimarães, Felippe
  • Über den Entwicklungsgang uns die Übertragung von Haemoproteus columbae: Vorläufige Mitteilung

    Aragão, Henrique de Beaurepaire de
  • Observações biogeográficas e hidrobiológicas sôbre a lagôa de Maricá

    Oliveira, Lejeune de; Nascimento, Rubem; Krau, Luiza; Miranda, Arnaldo
  • Sôbre a lei da concentração das lagunas e sua aplicação no caso da Lagôa Rodrigo de Freitas

    Oliveira, Lejeune de
  • Autofecundação e fecundação cruzada em Australorbis glabratus

    Paraense, W. Lobato

    Resumo em Português:

    Um espécime de A. glabratus criado isoladamente é capaz de reproduzir-se perfeitamente bem por autofecundação. Entretanto, quando em companhia de outro indivíduo da mesma espécie, reproduz-se exclusivamente por cruzamento. A possibilidade da formação de uma população a partir de um único indivíduo permite explicar a ocorrência de certas colônias de planorbídeos com características peculiares e pequena variação individual, além de explicar a reconstituição de populações tratadas com planorbicidas, desde que um único indivíduo possa escapar à destruição. Utilizando o fator de albinismo como marcador genético em experiências de cruzamento, torna-se fácil distinguir na geração F[1] os produtos resultantes de fecundação cruzada daqueles produzidos por autofecundação. O emprêgo de espécimes albinos na experimentação genética aplicada à sistemática permitirá uma caracterização biológica segura das espécies, reforçando assim o critério morfológico.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A single specimen of A. glabratus grown in isolation is able to reproduce quite well by self-fertilization. If it joins another conspecific individual, however, it reproduces exclusively by cross-fertilization. The possibility of a single specimen being able to give rise to a population may explain the occurrence of some colonies of planorbids showing particular characteristics and rather little individual variation, besides denoting that after treatment with planorbicides a single surviving specimen will be able to restore the population. By using the factor of albinism as genetic marker in crossing experiments, in F[1] generation a distinction can be easily made between the specimens obtained through cross- and self-fertilization. The use of albino snails in genetical experimentation applied to systematics will contribute to the biological recognition of species, thus reinforcing the morphological criterion.
  • Contribuição para o conhecimento das doenças do grupo tifo exantemático do Brasil

    Magalhães, Octavio de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In this work the author publishes an observation of a human case, which he believes to be the second in South America, of "Q" fever in Minas Gerais. The first positive data and the first observation were made in S. Paulo by Dr. Helvecio Brandão and there communicated to the S. Paulo Medical Association in 1951 and 1954. The first part was published in 1953; the second part is yet unpublished. The author of the present work cured his patient with Terramycine. He thinks that greater research should be made amongst the workpeople who have to do with cattle in the pastures and slaughterhouses in order to verify the extent of the disease amongst us. Belo Horizonte Dezembro de 1954
  • Ensaios de micologia

    Magalhães, Octavio de
  • Phoxocephalus capuciatus, nova espécie de Crustacea Amphipoda, Phoxocephalidae

    Oliveira, Lejeune P. H. de
  • Isolamento reprodutivo entre Australorbis glabratus e A. nigricans

    Paraense, W. Lobato; Deslandes, Newton

    Resumo em Português:

    Foram feitas provas de cruzamento entre espécimes de uma população de A. glabratus e de outra de A. nigricans, utilizando o fator de albinismo como mercador genético. O resultado dessas provas revelou completo isolamento reprodutivo entre ambas, permitindo separá-las como boas espécies de acôrdo com o critério biológico.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Crossing experiments were made between specimens from one population of A. glabratus and another of A. nigricans, the factor of albinism having been used as genetic marker. The results of those experiments revealed a complete reproductive isolation between both population, thus indicating their specific distinctness according to the biological criterion.
  • Primeira relação sistemática dos Acridoideos do Brasil

    Liebermann, José
  • Descrição e análise geométrica de Autonoe conicurvae, nova espécie de crustáceo (Amphipoda, Aoridae)

    Oliveira, Lejeune P. H. de
  • Espécies novas do Herbário do Dr. Adolpho Lutz: Melastomataceae Tibouchina Lutzii Brade n.sp

    Brade, A. C.

    Resumo em Português:

    A posição desta espécie é após Tibouchina floribunda Cogn. No hábito assemelha-se a Tibouchina Schwackei Cogn. mas distingue-se bem desta pelo revestimento diferente e a côr alva da página inferior da folha.

    Resumo em de:

    Die Art is hinter Tibouchina floribunda Cogn. einzureihen. Im Habitus der Tibouchina Schwackei Cogn. aehnlich, aber, durch andere Bekleidung und die auffaellig weisse Unterseite der Blaetter, gut unterschieden.
  • Barroso, Graziela Maciel

    Resumo em Português:

    Planta muitíssimo interessante, que se distingue das demais espécies do gênero pela forma pectinada da folha. Dedicamos a linda espécie ao Dr. Adolpho Lutz, eminente sábio, que tanto trabalhou em prol da ciência, no Brasil.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A very interesting Mutisia distinguished from the other species of the genus by the pectinate leaf. Dedicated to the eminent Brazilian scientist, Dr. Adolpho Lutz.
  • Orchidaceae Lutzianae

    Pabst, Guido F. J.
  • Transplantação de baço de coelho com mixoma infeccioso na câmara anterior do ôlho da cobaia: sôbre a degeneração mixomatosa: inclusões intranucleares

    Torres, C. Magarinos; Cardoso, Rita A. de Almeida

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Heterotranplantability of myxoma of rabbits was formely demonstrated when grafts from subcutaneous tissue in skin were used (MARGARINOS TÔRRES & RITA CARDOSOS, 1949). Better results are reported in this paper when grafts from the spleen of infected rabbits were employed. While grafts from normal spleen are almost completely absorbed in sixteen days, those from infected rabbits give origin to full-grown and vascularised tissue in which typical myxoma cells are predominant elements. Progressive growth of heterotransplantated myxoma cells is another similarity between infectious myxoma and malignant tumors. Formation of clear areas of circular contour (interference of a diffusible substance?) associated to myxomatous degeneration is very conspicuous. Peculiar changes of the ground substance, reticular and collagenous fibers (globular swelling, rosary and bulb formation) apparently related to myxomatous degeneration are described. An unexpected finding was the presence of typical intranuclear inclusion bodies in five among forty-eight grafts examined in the sixth day.
  • Morfologia do Mycobacterium leprae hominis e do M. leprae muris: estudo baseado na microscopia electrônica e de contraste de fases

    Souza-Araújo, H. C. de

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Hansen's Bacillus: By electron microscopy this bacillus shows membrane and halo, this being more visible when sorrounding the globi or bundles of bacilli; shows, also, free granules of various sizes which were before considered as dust of the dyes; shows external granules bound with the membrane and some times branching. By phases contrast microscopy examining leproma suspensions and subcataneous lymph at 400 x we saw many free granules with intense rotatory movement; granulated bacilli with screw, skip or stroke motion, producing slow progressive motion. All such elementes are surrounded by a halo, corresponding to the classical gloea. By a patient and delayed examination we were able to see that the internal granules are motile and help the progression of the bacilli, giving the impression that the cytoplasm is liquid. By a lasting observation we could see the larger granules form prolapse, like a pseudopode and abandon the bacilli and going in very rapid rotatory movement. There are branched bacilli; there are pedunculated fred granules like comets. The addition of a drop of formol at the preparation stops all movements. Stefansky's Bacillus: Repeated examination by RCA electron microscope, type EMU-25 of fresh suspensions of rat lepromas, led us to confirm the close relationship between human and murine leprosy agents. We examined also material from carabo (Lepra bubalorum) from Java, but due to fixation, the material was unsuitable for comparative studies. The Stefansky's bacilli showed also emmbranes and halos, internal or external granules (smaller than those of Hansen's bacillus). The bacilli shaded by chromium look thicker and shorter than those of Hansen. Due to electron bombardment both, Hansen's and Stefansky's baccilli suffer considerable alterations in their structure, showing black barrs of chromatin condensation at their extremities as also in their centers. By phase microscopy the Stefansky's bacilli showed elements with 1, 2 (bipolar), 3 or more internal small granules, developing identical movements as those of Hansen. The globi seem to be non-motile but the free bacilli appearing around the globi show intense movement. At 1000 x the examination is less satisfactory than at 400 x. The addition of formol solution in the preparation suppresses all movements, even the brownian, but the material becomes more suitable for the study of static morphology of the bacilli. CONCLUSION - The electron and phases contrast microscopy of leprous material from different types and phases of the disease may explain some of the unknown aspects of the biology and morphology of the bacilli.
  • Atividade moluscócida do ricinoleato de cobre

    Gonçalves, N. Botafogo; Soares, Rostan de Rohan Loureiro
  • A descoberta da esquizogonia do halterídio do pombo e sua influência na evolução da protozoologia

    Paranaense, W. Lobato
  • Notas sobre Rhinastus e Homalinotus: (Col. Curcul. Cholinae)

    Costa Lima, A. da; Seabra, C. A. Campos
  • Observações biogeográficas durante a abertura da Barra da Lagoa de Saquarema

    Oliveira, Lejeune de; Krau, Luiza
  • Variações mensais da incidência das formas evolutivas do Triatoma infestans e do Panstrongylus megistus no Município de Bambuí, Estado de Minas Gerais

    Dias, Emmanuel

    Resumo em Português:

    Baseado na análise de um total de 138905 T. infestans e 8921 P. megistus capturados no município de Bambuí, durante um período de varios anos, foi feito um estudo das variações das percentagens das formas evolutivas de cada espécie nos diferentes meses. A apresentação dos dados colhidos foi feita de diversas maneiras, tendo sido objeto especial da discussão do presente trabalho as capturas realizadas nas zonas rurais do municipio. Verificou-se que no caso do T. infestans a predominância das larvas ocorreu em novembro, a das ninfas em fevereiro-abril, a dos adultos abril-julho, e no caso do P. megistus a ocorrência maxima de larvas ninfas e adultos, observou-se respectivamente em março, julho e novembro. Enquanto que o predomínio das formas adultas de T. infestans coincide com a estação seca e fria e a das larvas com a estação quente e úmida, acontece exatamente o oposto com o P. megistus. A maior ocorrência dos casos agudos de doença de Chagas se dá no verão. As curvas correspondentes às percentagens de formas jovens (ninfas e larvas) e adultos do P. magistus oferecem um aspecto notavelmente constante pela sua intersecção em setembro, quando passam a predominar os insetos adultos sôbre os jovens; no caso do T. infestans essa intersecção não tem lugar, devido provavelmente ao aparecimento de formas jovens durante todo o ano, embora haja períodos em que elas aparecem com maior freqüência. A realização de estudos semelhantes, em diferentes regiões permitirá estabelecer a época em que de preferência devem ser feitos os expurgos, que serão, aparentemente, nas ocasiões em que começam a aparecer as larvas.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Based on the analysis of a total of 138,905 T. infestans and 8,921 P. megistus captured in the county of Bambuí, during a period of several years, a study was made of the variations of the percentage of evolutive forms of each species in the different months of the year. In the case of T. infestans the predominance of larvae occurred in November, that of nymphs in February-April, and for the adults in April-July. For P. megistus, the largest occurrence of larvae, nymphs and adults wepe observed, respectively, in March, July and November. While the predominance of adult forms of T. infestans occurs in the dry and cool season, and that of the larvae in the hot and humid season, exactly the contrary is observed in relation to P. megistus. The highest occurrence of acute cases of Chaga's disease occurs in summer. The curves corresponding to the percentages of young forms (larvae and nymphs) and adults of P. megistus show a very constant aspect of its intersection in September, when the adult insects become more numerous than the young. In the case of T. infestans this intersection does not occur, propably on account of the appearance of young forms during the whole year, although there are periods in which they appear with higher frequency. The realization of similar studies in different regions will stablish the season of the year in which the sprays will preferably be made, i. e., when the larvae begin to appear.
  • Infestação domiciliária em grau extremo por Triatoma infestans

    Dias, Emmanuel; Zeledón, Rodrigo

    Resumo em Português:

    Uma pequena cafua com 4 dependências e sòmente um quarto de dormir, com uma área de 60 [metros quadrados] de paredes internas, construída em 1949, foi reconhecida desde 1951 como uma das mais infestadas por triatomas, no Município de Bambuí. De outrubro a dezembro de 1951 foram nela capturados, por meio de 26 expurgos com pós de pirêtro, 2 505 exemplares de T. infestans e 3 de P. megistus. Em dezembro de 1951 foram recolhidos pelo mesmo processo, em 5 dias seguidos, mais de 4 645 T. infestans e 1 P. megistus. A cafua foi demolida em janeiro de 1955, tendo sido capturados ainda 1 398 T. infestans, perfazendo-se assim, um total de 8 552 barbeiros apanhados em uma única cafua! Observou-se uma baixa das percentagens de infecção de T. infestans por S. cruzi, que de 37,7% em 1951, caiu para 6,5% em 154. Nos indivíduos adultos ela baixou de 61,5% para 9,4%, nas ninfas de 33,3% para 3,5%, diferenças essas que se mostraram estatisticamente significativas. Todos os 6 moradores eram portadores de doença de Chagas; a reação de fixação do complemento foi positiva em todos e o xenodiagnóstico em 4 dêles. O hemograma, feito em 5 dêsses indivíduos, revelou graus variáveis de anemia. Sòmente o chefe da família, um homem de 49 anos, era caso de cardiopatia chagásica crônica, apresentando bloqueio completo de ramo direito. O último filho do casal faleceu aos 14 meses com edema generalizado, sendo possìvelmente um caso de esquizotripanose aguda, embora um único exame a fresco tenha sido negativo, pouco antes da morte.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A small mud hut, which was built by its owners in 1949, was known, since 1951, to be one of the houses most heavily populated by triatomid or cone-nosed bugs in Bambuí. A total of 2 505 individuals, belonging to the species Triatoma infestans, were collected there from October to December, 1951, in 26 applications of pyrethrum powders into the holes of the walls. Three years later, in December, 1954 no less than 4 645 bugs were collected the same way, in five consecutive days. The hut was destroyed in January 13, 1955 when 1 398 additional insects were collected. Then, a total of 8 548 specimens of Triatoma infestans were captured in this single house, while only 4 P. megistus were captured. It has been observed that the proportion of bugs naturally infected with S. cruzi decreased from 37,7 per cent in 1951 to 6,5 per cent in 1954. The percentage of infected adult individuals dropped from 61,5 to 9,4 and "nymphs" it dropped from 33,3 to 3,5 in respectively 1951 and 1954. These differences were found to be statistically significant. All the six people inhabiting this hut exhibited a positive complement-fixation test (S. cruzi culture antigen) and xenodiagnosis was positive in 4 of them. Haemograms taken from 5 of them showed varying degrees of anaemia. The head of the family, 49 years old, was a Chagas' disease case with right bundle-branch block, while the electrocardiogram was normal in the other people. The las-born child of the couple died at the age of 14 months with fever and oedema, so it was possibly a case of acute schizotrypanosis.
  • Paper electrophoretic and enzimatic studies on blood serum, venom and liver of "Bothrops jararaca"

    Ribeiro, Luiz P.; Mitidieri, Emílio; Villela, Gilberto G.

    Resumo em Português:

    Fígado, veneno e sôro sanguíneo de "Bothrops jararaca" foram estudados por meio da eletroforese em papel e determinação de atividades enzimáticas. Xantina oxidase e deshidrogenase foram encontradas sòmente no fígado das cobras. A análise espectrográfica do veneno e do sôro confirmam os resultados negativos obtidos para xantina oxidase uma vez que não foi encontrado molibdêneo. L-amino ácido oxidase foi determinada no fígado, sÔro e veneno. A eletroforese em papel do sôro sanguíneo mostrou que existem 7 frações proteicas, sendo que duas apresentam fluorescência característica de flavinas, quando expostas à luz ultra-violeta. Em vista dos resultados obtidos é concluido que as flavinas do sôro e do veneno de Bothrops jararaca estão na maior parte ligadas às proteínas. Estas flavinas combinadas parecem estar sob a forma de FAD (flavina adenina dinucleotídeo) fazendo parte do grupo prostético da L-amino ácido oxidase, uma vez que não foi encontrada nenhuma atividade de xantina oxidase.
  • The ribonucleic acid content of some mammalian erythrocytes

    Povoa Jr., Helion

    Resumo em Português:

    O ácido ribonucleico foi dosado em hemátias de mamíferos, num total de 41 casos. Valores altos foram encontrados em hemátias de ratos em comparação com os de cobaia, coelho, cavalo e carneiro. Hemátias humanas apresentaram valores intermediários. Usou-se um método, combinando-se as extrações de Schmidt, Thanhauser e Schneider com a reação final da pentose com o orcinol, lendo-se a côr verde num fotocolorímetro, em 650 milimicra.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    RNA was determined in red blood cells of man and other mammals. Our report is based on 41 determinations. Red blood cells of rat showed the highest values in comparison with the blood cells of guinea pig, rabbit, horse and sheep which showed the lowest values, and man with intermediate ones. The method used was a combination of Schimidt and Thanhauser and Schneider extractions with the final reactions of pentose with the orcinol reagent colorimetrically measured.
  • On the determination of reducing corticosteroids

    Abreu, Luiz Augusto de; Abreu, Regina Raposo de

    Resumo em Português:

    Os autores preconizam o reagente de Folin-Ciocalteu na determinação colorimétrica dos corticosteroides redutores. A reação segue a lei de Beer na faixa de 0 a 50 μg de 11-desoxycorticosterona. A excreção urinária de corticosteroides redutores, em 24 horas, de indivíduos normais variou de 0.83 mg a 2.72 mg com a média de 1.69 mg, sem hidrólise prévia pela β glicuronidase. A intensidade da reação permite efetuar a dosagem em quantidades de urina sensìvelmente menores às usadas por outros métodos baseados nas propriedades redutoras dos corticosteróides. Os resultados, obtidos com suprarrenais de ratos, variaram de 16.3 mg a 50.8 mg de corticosteróides redutores por 100 g de glândula, com uma média de 32.5 mg, fazendo-se as determinações com as duas glândulas em cada animal. A taxa média observada nas suprarrenais de cobaias foi 22.9 mg de corticosteróides redutores por 100 g de glândula, com uma variação individual de 12.6 a 33.2 mg, fazendo-se as determinações sòmente com uma glândula. Os resultados obtidos são comparáveis aos descritos na literatura.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    1. The authors preconize the use of Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent in the colorimetric determination of reducing cortcosteroids. 2. The reaction follows Beer's law in the range 0-50 μg of 11-desoxycorticosterone. 3. Determinations made in human urine and adrenal glands of rats and guinea pigs are comparable with results obtained by other methods.
  • Algunas consideraciones sobre la enfermedad de hematies falciformes en Venezuela

    Torrealba, José Francisco; Díaz Vázquez, Angel; Reyes Rodríguez, Ibrahim; González, Domingo; Torrealba, Ana Isabel
  • Indentificação de cogumelos patogênicos por meio da coloração ácido periódico -- Schiff

    Mello, R. Pimenta de; Mello, L. Pimenta de; Perez, A.

    Resumo em Português:

    Os autores apresentam 6 casos de blastomicose sul americana, 2 casos de actinomicose, 1 caso de rinosporidiose, 1 de cromoblastomicose e 1 caso de criptococose, estudando os respectivos cogumelos responsáveis, pela coloração empregando o ácido periódico-Schiff. As vantagens dêste método para identificação e estudo morfológico são evidenciadas pelas microfotografias apresentadas.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The authors present 6 cases of south american blastomycosis, 2 cases of actinomycosis, 1 case of rhinosporidiosos, 1 case of chromoblastomycosis and one case of cryptococcosis. They study the respective fungi employing the periodic-acid-Schiff reaction. The advantages of this method for identification and morphologic studies are seen through the photomicrographs in this paper.
  • Presença de substâncias fisològicamente ativas em culturas de E. Coli isolados das fezes de pacientes alérgicos pela técnica de Heist-Cohen

    Corrêa F.º, João Canali; Godoy, Oswaldo Tarcisio

    Resumo em Inglês:

    Four patients with several allergic symptoms have been studied. Heist-Cohen pathogen selective method was positive in feces of all these patients for E. coli. Other causes that could be responsible for the allergic symptoms were discarded. Samplets after seeding in a medium physiologically inactive have been tested in guinea pig illea following Cohnheim-Magnus technique. It was demonstrated that all samples isolated by the Heist-Cohen technique were physiologically active.(Fig.1). Ten other strains of E. coli taken at random from the collection of I.O.C. and tried according similar technique, brought evidence that only three samples possessed such activity. This confirms the works of KOESSLER-HANKE (1922). In order to obtain a quick relief from allergic symptoms, one of us had employed in some others, identical cases an antibiotic (Teramycin, Chas Pfeizer) before the specific disesitization was done (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5). Such method were choice since LABORDE, PARROT, and URQUIA (1953) have demonstrated the importance of production of histamine, from components of the bowel's flora in the production of allergic symptoms.
  • Resistência do vírus da gripe à ação oligodinâmica da prata

    Lacorte, J. Guilherme; Monteiro, Estácio; Loures, J. Carvalho

    Resumo em Português:

    Tentamos verificar, em algumas séries de experiências a ação oligodinâmica da prata sôbre o vírus da gripe, tipo A, amostra PR8 e tipo A-primo, amostra DL Rio empregando, para tal fim, recipientes, ora recobertos internamente, em delgadíssima camada, pela prata metálica ora contendo-a, sob a forma de pó, de mistura com o próprio material que constitui as paredes do frasco. Neste foi colocado o líquido alantóide contendo vírus verificando-se, de tempos em tempos, o seu poder patogênico para camundongos brancos e a persistência do seu poder hemaglutinante. Pelos resultados acima expostos vê-se que o referido vírus nada sofreu pela ação oligodinâmica da prata, nas condições experimentais descritas ao passo que, concomitantemente a mesma teve efeito ràpidamente mortal para bactérias pertencentes às espécies Micrococcus pyogenes e Escherichia coli. Assim sendo, logo se destaca a importância do fenômeno observado sabendo-se, além do mais, que a ação oligodinâmica, letal ou nociva, se tem verificado sôbre os sêres vivos em geral. Verificamos ainda, no decorrer dessas experiências, que a junção de bactérias não alterou a atividade do vírus quer as mesmas se encontrassem vivas quer mortas. As nossas pesquisas prosseguem com outros vírus, os mais diversos, cumprindo-nos salientar, desde logo, que o processo poderá ser empregado para o isolamento dêsses agentes conforme já o verificamos para o da gripe, em experiência acima descrita. Será uma das decorrências práticas da observação que fizemos, dependendo, as demais, de puro interêsse biológico, de investigações subseqüentes, baseadas na observação inicial que ora apresentamos.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    In some experiments we tried to verify the silver oligodynamic action upon the influenza vírus, A type, PR8 strain and A-prime, DL Rio strain. In the tests we used clay pitchers covered in the inside parte with a thin layer of silver or with powdered silver mixed into the clay material. The infected allantoic fluid was put into the pitcher and the pathogenic power for mice and the hemagglutination reaction verified at regular intervals. The results expressed in the tables indicated that no alterations were presented by the virus in comparison with the controls. Experiments made with Micrococcus pyogenes and Excherichia coli died in 24 to 48 hours. The reported phenomenon is important because we know that the oligodynamic effect is observed upon microorganisms like bacteria, protozoa and other living beings. The alive or dead bacteria didn't alter the referred properties of the virus. We are stil investigating the phenomenon with other viruses and, now, we emphasize that it can be applied for the isolation of viruses as we verified for the influenza virus. This will be one of their practical applications. We think that many others, from the biologic point of view, may arise based on our first observation here presented.
  • Considerações sôbre a técnica de determinação do "Índice Lipásico Seabra"

    Mello, M. I.; Queiroga, Laura T.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    A detailed study of Seabra's lipasic reagent for the diagnostic of tuberculosis has been made. Substrate. The oily emulsion of cotton seed oil containing gum as dispersing agent, presented a pH variation to the ampoulles examined. In these belonging to the same cartoon as well as in those from different cartoons the values obtained electrometrically ranged from pH 5.8-6.4 (Table I). These variations lead us to presuppose: 1) instability of the oily emulsion in gum; 2) spontaneous hydrolysis of the oil; 3) different batches or technique of the oil extraction, or different sources. Buffer: The same variability observed with substrate was found for the buffer. In CHERRY & CRANDALL's method the buffer is pH 7.0. The saline solution from Seabra's oscillated from pH6.25-6.9 (table II). Titration - end point. A colorimetric comparison between the sample and the blank as suggested by Seabra becomes very difficult. The end point in the presence of serum, when phenolphtalein is used as indicator, is very difficult to compare with the blank containing water. Conclusion. The differences observed in the results when the same serum was used, must be due to the variations observed with Seabra's reagents.
  • Alterações neuropatológicas pela toxina brucelosa

    Pacheco, Genésio; Elejalde, Paulo; Schlögel, Fridolin
  • Distribuição da xantina oxidase no fígado e no sôro de rato

    Villela, Gilberto G.; Affonso, Ottilia R.; Ribeiro, Luiz P.; Mitidieri, Emilio

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The localization of the xanthine oxidase (X.O.) and xanthine dehydrogenase (X.D.) activities in rat liver have been studied using separation of cytoplasmic particles into fractions by differential centrifugation. The results clearly demonstrate that practically all the enzymic activity is present in the supernatant fluid corresponding to the cell sap containing the soluble proteins of the cell. No activity could be detected for the nuclear, mitocondrial and microsomal fractions. The enzymatic activity of the mixture of the four factions was 102 per cent of that of the original homogenate. The distribution of the xanthine dehydrogenase in the protein fractions of the rat serum was accomplished in preliminary experiments by means of 50% ammonium sulphate precipitation and subsequent dialysis against water. All enzymatic activity was confined to the globulin fractions of the serum. Paper electrophoresis was performed and the protein and lipoprotein fractions determined. A method for the localization of the X.D. activity in the protein fractions separated by paper electrophoresis was developed. The results obtained suggest that xanthine dehydrogenase is localized in the globulin fractions possessing mobilities of [alpha 1], [beta] and [gamma] globulins and are probably bound to the lipoproteins.
  • Osteopatia tóxica hipertrófica associada a mixocondrosarcoma pulmonar metastático: descrição de um caso

    Lima, F. D Garcia de

    Resumo em Português:

    O A. descreve um caso de mixocondrosarcoma pulmonar metastático associado a um quadro completo de osteopatia tóxica hipertrófica. Focaliza as dificuldades diagnósticas devidas à evolução silenciosa do tumor, que à autópsia verificou-se ocupar todo o hemitórax direito. Chamou a atenção para a importância da osteopatia hipertrófica como possível denunciadora de um câncer pulmonar primitivo ou metastático que ainda não produziu sintomas.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The author describes a case of metastatis pulmonar mixocondrosarcome associated to a complete picture of a hypertrophic toxic ostheopathic condition. Reference is made to the difficulties observed in its diagnosis, due to the silent evolution of the tumor, which through the autopsy was found to spread all over the right hemitorax. Attention is called to the importance of hyperthrophic ostheopathy as a possible indication of a primitive or metastic pulmonar cancer, still without symptoms.
  • A botânica no Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

    Lutz, Bertha

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, known as Instituto de Manguinhos during the life-time of its foundr, is primus inter pares among the biological research institutions of Brazil. It had a good beginning, for a number of outstanding men were brought together to lay the foundations of a school of research. Future scientists were selected among the most promisin youn medical men. In half a century, it has assumed leadership, in Tropical Medicine and Zoology, and in pure Biology as well. Several of the scientists have been interested in Botany, foremost among them Dr. LUTZ, who always collected plants and studied the flora wherever he went, and left a Herbarium of about two thousan plants. Drs. HENRIQUE ARAGÃO and SOUZA ARAÚJO, also collected in Minas, and gave their collections to Dr. LUTZ. A list of the plants collected by ARAGÃO and LUTZ on the Serra da Mantiqueira, at Pacáu, where Dr. ARAGÃO's family had a fazenda, especially at two interesting points, Morro da Mira and Campos de Safira, is given below. Tribute is paid to Dr. ARAGÃO, Dean of the living research workers of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, for the stimulus, which as Director, he gave to non-medical, biological research, including Oceanography Limnology and especially Plant Ecology.
  • Alguns aspectos citológicos da Leptospira Icterohaemorrhagiae em microscópio eletrônico

    Santos, Mário; Muth, Hans

    Resumo em Português:

    Os autores estudando culturas de 11 e 12 meses de Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, mantidas em meio de Schüffner modificado por Verwoort, observaram em microscópio eletrônico, corpos de leptospira com zonas de condensação do citoplasma assumindo aspecto granular Figs. 1, 3, 4, 9, 7, 12. Nas Figs. 6 e 7 vemos com nitidez um dêsses grânulos desmembrando-se do corpo da leptospira e cuja imagem é semelhante a outros grânulos esparsos. O número dessas formações é variável, parecendo depender de muitas causas. A deformação do corpo da leptospira parece depender da perda de consistência da membrana em virtude de alteração da sua permeabilidade, fenomenos que deve preceder á formação dos grânulos. Notamos também nas mesmas condições de experiência, como na Fig. 3, que os referidos grânulos tem dois aspectos diferentes: um é o que já referimos de forma irregular e opaco como se fôsse uma imagem de cromatina condensada e outro aspecto é também de forma irregular, porém, transparente como se houvesse esvaziado seu conteúdo primitivo, Figs. 5, 7 e 13. Na fig. 12, observamos o esvaziamento de uma forma destas o retraimento do seu conteúdo em outra, observação facilitada com auxílio de lente. A fig. 2 revela um aspecto frqüente encontrado em trabalhos desta natureza como no de CZEKALWSKI, J. W. e EAVES, G., isto é: formação de um grânulo com posterior segmentação do mesmo. Finalmente a Fig. 11 nos mostra grânulos com a mesma densidade que os fragmentos dos corpos da leptospira. Como dissemos acima, a cultura contendo material com êste aspecto foi inoculada em cobaias cuja hemocultura nos forneceu de novo o germe reisolado, o que faz admitir constituirem êsses grânulos uma fase no ciclo vital da leptospira ou então elemento capazer de manter condições e fatôres necessários à continuidade da espécie.

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The authors observing "Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae's culture 11 and 12 months old, maintened in culture medium of Verwoort, modified found interesting aspects evidenced in the eletronic microscope. The authors noticed bodies of leptospira with condensation zones of cytoplasm assuming granular aspec (micrographs 1, 3, 4, 7, 9 and 12). In the micrographs 6 and 7 we see clearly one of these granules dismembering of the leptospira body whose image looks like that of other granules in the micrographs. We saw, in some conditions of experience, as in micrograph 3, that the above referred granules have 2 different aspects: one that isn't transparent and with irregular shape, looking like condensed chromatin and the other which has an irregular shape too, but is transparent, as if it had lost part of its primitive contents (micrographs 5. 7 and 13. In micrograph 2 we see one frequent aspect in works of this kind like that of CZEKALWSKI, J. W. and EAVES G., the granule formation with segmentation following it. As was said above a culture with this aspect was inoculated into guinea pigs whose hemoculture supplied again the germ isolated which guided us to the idea that these granules are a phase in the vital cycle of the leptospira or elements which can mantain condition and factors necessary to the continuity of the species.

    Resumo em de:

    Den Autoren standen fuer ihre Beobachtungen Kulturen von Leptospira icterohaemorragia von 11 bis 12 Monaten Alter in einer Naehrloesung nach Schueffner, abgeaendert nach Verwoort, fuer ihre Beobachtungen im Elektronenmikroskop zur Verfuegung, die ihnem eine grosse Zahl sehr interessanter Bilder lieferten. Sie beobachteten Koerper von Leptospiren mit Bereichen einer An reicherung des Cytoplasmas, aus der auf eine koernige Struktur gechlossen werden kann. (Abb. 1, 3, 4, 7, 9 und 12) In den Aufnahmen 6 und 7 sehen wir mit Deutlichkeit eines dieser Koernchen, das sich vom Koerper der Leptospire abloest und das in seiner Erscheinung den anderen bereits verteilten Koernchen aehnlich ist. Die Anzahl dieser Formbildungen ist unterschiedlich und scheint von verschiedenen Ursachen abzuhaengen. Die Koerperdeformation der Leptospiren scheint abhaengig zu sein von den Verlusten and Festigkeit der Koerpermanbran infolge der Aenderung ihrer Durchlaessigkeit, eine Erscheinung, die der Bildung der Koernchen vorausgeht. Unter denselben Versuchsbedingungen stellten wir fest, dass die Koernchen zwei verschiedene Erscheinungsformen aufwiesen (Siehe Bild 3): eine, auf die wir uns schon bezogen, von unregelmaessinger Form und undurchsichtig, als ob sie aus verdichtetem Chromatin bestuenden, und eine zweite, auch unregelmaessiger Form; jedoch durchscheinend, als ob es den urspruenglichen Inhalt abgestossen haette. (Bild 5,7 und 13) Aus Elektronenbild 12 ersehen wir die Entleerung einer solchen zweiten Form und auch das Zusammenballen des Inhalts in der Huelle. Bild 2 zeigt eine Erscheinung, wie man sie haeufig in Arbeiten dieser Art antrifft so bei J. W. CZEKALWSKI und G. EAVES, naemlich die Bildung eines Koernchen mit darauf folgender Teilung desselben. Bild 11 zeigt uns schliesslich Koernchen der gleichen Dichte wie die der Koerperabschnitte der Leptospiren. Kulturen, enthaltend Material dieses Aussehens, wurden in Versuchstiere eigeimpft, deren Blutkultur uns von neuem isolierte Keime lieferten, was zu der Annahme fuehrt, dass diese Koernchen eine Zwischenform im Lebenszyklus der Leptospire darstellen und damit ein Element zur Aufrechterhaltung der Art. Die mikroskopischen Aufnahmen wurden im Oktober 1951 hergestellt.
  • Mitsuda's reactions: induced by BCG in the normal Rhesus ("Macacca mulatta")

    Pereira Filho, M. J.; Nery-Guimaräes, Felippe

    Resumo em Inglês:

    The reversals of Mitsuda's reactions induced by BCG have been objected to based on the possiblem interference of other determination causes of the phenomenon: tuberculous primo-infections, communicants of unsuspected leprosy, revearsals due to other causes, such as anti-diphteric and anti-tetanic vaccination, etc. In order to study the problem, we have used Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), which were reared in isolation, in an attempt to avoid the referred to interferences. Prior to the experiments, all animals were tested and found negative to radiograph, tuberculin and lepromin tests and were then submitted to the application of BCG vaccine (from 1 to 3 days old), in different doses and by different via. At different times, after the application of BCG, they were again submitted to the radiographic, tuberculin and lepromin tests. In the tables I to IV the experiences were summarised. From the experiments, the following conclusions were reached: 1 - From 12 Rhesus that received BCG 11 showed reversals of the Mitsuda reaction (91.7%). 2 - These reverseals took place both in tests effected shortly after BCG (from 6 days to 2 months), and tests effected much later (from 7 to 12 months after BCG). 3 - Some differences were found in the results, according to the dosis and the application via of the BCG. a) - The testicular and peritonela via (0,02g) were the only that determined strong positive Mitsuda's reactions (+++). b) - By oral via, animals that received high dosis (0.6g and 1.2 g), there resulted uniform and regular reversals, even though of low intensity (+); but from those who got small doses (0.2 g.) one showed no reversals in all tests, and the other presented reversals in the 2nd and 3rd tests only, also with low positivity (+). 4) In the 2nd and 3rd Mitsuda's reactions in the same animals, positivity was always precocious (generally within 48 hours), one getting the impression that there occurs a sensibilization of the animal body by the antigen with the repetition of the tests, even though the intensity of the reaction always remains the same. This precocious reaction (Fernandez type) occurs both shortly and long time after the application of the BCG. Its precocity depends not of the antigen only because the first Mitsuda's reaction after the BCG application occurs after some time and seems not influenced by the control lepromin test effected on the Rhesus before the BCG. 5) On the control group, the animals which received a.a.f. bacilli suspensions (Mycobacterium sp.; M. avium, and M. smegmatis), did not show reverseals of the Mitsuda's reaction. Two Rhesus, however, which received dead BCG (120ºC autoclave 1 hour), one intradermically (0.006 g) and the other orally (1.2 g), did both present reversals of the Mitsuda's reaction, with weak positivity (+). In all animals of the control-group, the allergic reactions were found negative. 6) Strong local inflammatory reactions were observed in the Rhesus that had received living BCG by intradermal via, and in the one submitted to multipunctures, there occurred the formation of a large caseous abcess. 7) The allergic tuberculinic and infratuberculinic reactions appeared dissociated from the Mitsuda's reactions: sometimes they are more precocious, occurring before of the lepromin test; on other occasions they disappear, when the Mitsuda's reactions still persist; and finally, they may be absent, when the latter occur, especially after the oral application of the BCG. 8) In Rhesus which received BCG by testicular and peritonela via, in the infratuberculinic test (0.1 ml of total BCG extract), besides the classic answer, which occurs between 48 and 96 hours, one could observe a delayed answer (15 to 20 days), represented by a non-erythematous nodule, which persists for 11-14 days.
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde Av. Brasil, 4365 - Pavilhão Mourisco, Manguinhos, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil, Tel.: (55 21) 2562-1222, Fax: (55 21) 2562 1220 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
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