Resumo em Português:

Analisando os resultados dos estudos sôbre as glândulas salivares de alguns insetos hematófagos e sôbre a glândula peçonhenta de uma aranha, descreve-se a correlação entre os epitélios ragiócrinos e lipócrinos. As glândulas possuem dois diferentes componentes produtores, dos quais um, sendo a parte ragiócrina, produzuma secreção simples ou composta, contendo substâncias albuminóides, enquanto que o outro, o elemento lipócrino, segrega um líquido contendo lipóides. Resulta do estudo que o líquido lipóide dissolve ou emulsiona a secreção albuminóide. Considerando o local onde se misturam as secreções, para formara secreção final, podemos concluir que em certas espécies (Triatoma, Forcipomyia) as secreções não podem ser armazenadas em forma de mistura; em outras, porém, a secreção final é estável (Tabanidae, Aedes, Latrodectus). Em alguns animais (Triatoma, Forcipomyia e, menos acentuado, Aedes), a composição final é determinada em uma certa proporção em virtude do tamanho relativo dos elementos glandulares e da forma do hilo. Em outras espécies (Tabanidae e Latrodectus), o líquido final representa um soluto concentrado da substância albuminóide no meio lipóide. Os pormenores da estrutura dos diferentes sistemas glandulares são apresentados nos esquemas.(AU)

Resumo em de:

Es wird an Hand von Studien ueber die Speicheldruesen einiger haematophager Insekten und die Giftdruese einer Spinne, sowie die Mandibeldruese einer Hymenoptere, das Wechselspiel zwischen rhagiokrinen und lipokrinen Epithelien betrachtet. Die Druesen besitzen zwei verschiedene Komponenten, von denen die eine als rhagiokriner Teil albumoides Sekret produziert, waehrend die andere als lipokriner Teil lipoidhaltige Fluessigkeit abscheidet. Es ergibt sich, dass das albumoide Sekret des einen Druesenteils in der lipoidhaltigen Fluessigkeit des anderen geloest oder emulgiert wird. Durch die Lage der Mischstellen laesst sich schliessen, dass bei einigen Arten die beiden Sekrete nicht in Mischung gespeichert werden koennen (Triatoma, Forcipomyia), bei anderen (tabanidae, Aedes und Latrodectus) ist das gemischte Endsekret stabiler Natur. Durch die relative Groesse der Druesenelemente und die Form des Hilus wird bei einigen Vertretern (Triatoma, Forcipomyia und teilweise auch bei Aedes) das Verhaeltnis der Zusammensetzung des Endsekrets festgelegt, waehrend bei Tobanidae und Latrodectus eine mehr oder weniger konzentrierte Loesung des albumoiden Sekrets im lipoiden vorliegt. Weitere Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus den Schemata.

Resumo em Inglês:

In 1939, Mangabeira obtained, under laboratory conditions, the development of eggs of Phlebotomus brasiliensis Costa Lima, 1932, collected at Lassance (typical locality), Minas Gerais, Brasil. He then studied the female and immature stages of this Phlebotomus. The results of these observations plus some more recent data on the male, geographical distribution and bionomics are presented. Morphologically it is closest to Phlebotomus runoides. However, the male Phlebotomus brasiliensis differs from all other Phlebotomus because of its very long spicules, similar to those of Brumptomyia. The female differs by its longer ducts, and by possessing only four horizontal teeth in the buccal cavity, whereas P. runoides has approximately 12 teeth. The pupae of P. brasiliensis is characterized by its two pre-alar setae, which are very simple and small and by the abdominal setae, which are not planted on a protruding tubercle. The fourth stage larvae main characteristics are very thin antennae, inserted on a protruding tuberculum, and slightly brush-like hind frontal setae. P. brasiliensis is here reported, for the first time, for the State of Bahia (Cachoeira, Pojuca and Salvador). The species has almost always been found in armadillo burrows. In the State of Bahia it is more frequent during the dry season. Under laboratory conditions, the female lays about 53 eggs.

Resumo em Inglês:

The first case of Kala-azar in Colombia was discovered in Soledad, S. Vicente do Chucuri, Dept. Santander, by Gast-Galvis who viscerotomized a three year old girl deceased in December, 1943. In 1944, fifty-three Phlebotominae were collected in the chicken pen of the girl's house, two new species included. Mangabeira helped by A. Gast Galvis, Juan Antonio Montoya and E. Osorno Mesa, collected some Phlebotomus in that country. The geographical distribution of the species of Phlebotomus collected in Colombia (P. abonnenci, P. camposi, P. columbianus, P. dubitans, P. gasti, P. montoyai, P. saulensis, P. serranus, P. triramulus) and two species of Brumptomyia (B. beaupertuyi and b mesari), are included. our description of the male P. columbianus is based on some specimens found in association with females. However, doubts exist about such association of sexes. There is no correspondence between the length of the spicules and the ducts of spermathecae. Besides, the specimens were not obtained by raising. The following new species are described and compared with previously known ones: a) Phlebotomus gasti sp. n. differs from the other species by a protruding tubercle in the gubernaculum. It has also fewer setae in the tuft of the basistyle, a different length of the inferior gonapophyses, and a differently shaped clasper. b) Phlebotomus dubitans sp. n. differs from P. walkeri and P. deanei (according to personal information from O. Theodor, who examined the types, they are identical to P. williamsi and P. sericeus respectively), mainly because these species have the inferior gonapophyses larger than the basistyle and fewer setae in the basistyle. P. evandroi is separated by the shape of the claspers and by the tuft of setae of the basistyle. P. marajoensis is the closest relative to P. dubitans. There is a possibility of their being synonymous. On the other hand, they can be differentiated by the existence of three extra distal spines in P. marajoensis. There is also a difference in their palpal indexes: for marajoensis I - II - IV - III - V, and for dubitans I - IV (III - II) - V. We notice, too, that the inferior gonapophyses in P. marajoensis is a little shorter. P. marajoensis has a long seta in the basistyle (clearly shown in the original drawing), not found in the new species. c) Phlebotomus montoyai sp. n.: The closest relatives are P. noguchii, P. peruensis, P. pescei, P. quinquifer and P. rickardi. They differ from the new species by the number and length of the setae of the basistyle tuft which are more numerous and longer in the new species. The shapes of their claspers are also different. Other differences are: the basal portion of the basistyle in P. noguchii is very wide (in montoyai it is narrower); the intermediate spine of the dististyle is located on a protruding tubercle ( in the new species there is hardly a tubercle); the spicules are long, and the inferior gonapophyses is longer than the basistyle. P. quinquifer and P. rickardi have a shorter dististyle and narrower wings, with different venation. The main difference, however lies, in the M4, which ends almost at the level of the junction of M1 with M2 (in P. montoyai the M4 ends far behind). In P. peruensis and P. pescei the intermediary spine of the dististyle is closer to the distal spine than to the basal one, whereas in the new species it is situated between the two pairs. Their inferior gonapophyses is longer than the basistyle. d) Brumptomyia mesai sp. n. - Closest relatives are: B. hamatus, B. pentacanthus, B. beaupertuyi which are easily separated from the new species because the tufts of their basistyle have thin and differently shaped hairs. Also their claspers are shaped differently. B. avellari is also easily recognized on account of the twisted aspect of its clasper and because the basal tuft of the basistyle has few setae, B. brumpti tuft of setae arise directly from the basistyle; these setae are stronger than those of the new species. It has 8 blade-like setae located on the inner surface of the distal half, whereas the new species has only six setae. In B. brumpti, there are three median and two terminal spines in the dististyle; in the new species, there are two median and two terminal spines and one between them, which is closer to the two median spines. The comparison with B. galindoi is based in a specimen determined by Fairchild and deposited in the entomological collection of the "Faculdade de Higiene e Saúde Pública da Universidade de S. Paulo". The genitalia of the new species is much shorter, in galindoi the inferior gonapophyses is 0,8 mm long whereas in B. mesai it hardly reaches 0,6 mm. The shape of the clasper and the distribution of its setae are different. The sub-median lamellae, besides being longer in B. galindoi are also longer in comparison with the other parts of the genitalia. The gubernaculum of the new species is longer, thinner, and more pointed; in B. galindoi it is shorter and triangular. In the drawing published by Fairchild and Hertig 91947), the basistyle shows 8 blade-like setae on the distal half, whereas in the new species only six are found.

Resumo em Inglês:

The author redescribes two species of the genus Ormia: Ormia bilimekii Brauer et Bergenstamm, 1889 and ormia lineifrons Sabrosky, 1953, Brasil. Two new species, Ormia rachoui sp. n. from Corcovado, Estado da Guanabara and Ormia lopesi sp. n. from Angra dos Reis, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, are also described.

Resumo em Português:

O presente trabalho consta de um estudo sõbre a topografia do sistema traqueal em Triatoma infestans. Com esta finalidade empregaram-se diversas técnicas de coloração por infiltração, além de introduzir-se uma modificação no método de Gäbler. Foram usados vários fixadores e feitas muitas Lâminas histológicas para a comprovação dos resultados. É apresentado, na parte referente a considerações gerais sôbre o sistema, uma citação de alguns autores que mais se dedicaram ao estudo do aparelho respiratório nos insetos. O estudo sôbre a distribuição do sistema traqueal abrange ambos os sexos, porém, é limitado a exemplares adultos. O assunto é abordado em 3 seções: 1) traquéias da região cefálica; 2) traquéias da região torácica; e 3) traquéias da região abdominal. O percurso das traquéias da região cefálica é acompanhado e estudado em todo o trajeto, o mesmo acontecendo com as do tórax e do abdômen. A disposição do sistema em estudo, na região torácica, apresenta-se bem amis complexa e com inúmeras ramificações, que se destinam aos diversos órgãos desta região. É estudada, também, a distribuição dos ramos traqueais nas pernas e nas asas do inseto. É evidenciado um rompimento na continuidade do sistema traqueal, na altura do 1º para o 2º estígmas abdominais. Supõe-se que êste fato esteja ligado ao desaparecimento do 1º esternito e a migração do esclerito contendo o 1º estígma abdominal, para a região dorsal do inseto. Devido a êste fenômeno, o sistema traqueal do Triatoma infestans apresenta-se diferente, funcionando como se fôsse dos sistemas independentes entre si. As diferenças, o número e a disposição das traquéias na região abdominal é abordado amplamente, assim como, realçada a formação e função dos citados sacos traqueais.

Resumo em de:

Es wird die Topographie des Tracheensystems von Triatoma infestans beschrieben, wobei eine Modifikation der Infiltrationsmethode von Gaebler ausgearbeitet und angekendet wurde. Es wurden ausschliesslich Imagines beider Geschlechter unter sucht. Das Tracheensystem wird in drei Regionen eingeteilt: 1) Tracheen der Kopfregion; 2) Tracheen des Thorax; 3) Tracheen des Abdomens. Das Grundschema der Tracheenstaemme und der Verzweigungen wird auch auf die Koerperanhaenge ausgedehnt. Es muss als besonderes Resultat hervorgehoben werden, dass das System in Hoehe zwischen dem 1. und 2. Abdominalstigma unterbrochen ist, eine Eigenart, die wahrscheinlich mit der Reduktion des 1. Sternits und der Wanderung des Restes des das Stigma tragenden Pleurits auf den Ruecken des Tieres zusammenhaengt. So besteht das Tracheensystem von Triatoma infestans aus zwei funktionell getrennten Teilen.

Resumo em de:

Um eine neue phytogeographische Einteilung des Amazonasgebietes (Região Amazônica) in Angriff nehmen zu koennen, zieht der Autor anfangs die Ergebnisse der geomorphologischen, klimatologischen und floristischen Studien aelterer und neuerer Beobachter heran und setzt sie in Uebereinstimmung mit den oekologischen Resultaten. Die Einteilung umfasst: A. Region des guianensischen Schildes mit 5 Subregionen; B. Region der Sedimentboeden mit 3 teilweise unterteilten Subregionen; C. Region des nordbrasilianischen Schildes mit 2 unterteilten Subregionen. In den drei Gebieten finden wir, infolge der verschiedenen geologischen Verhaeltnisse, praktisch alle Vegetationstypen Brasiliens, obwohl das Klima uniform (warm-feucht) ist. Nach der Beurteilung der verschiedenen Theorien ueber die geologischen und floristischen Gegebenheiten und unter Hinzufuegung biologischer Tatsachen (Samenverbreitung) kommt der Autor zum Schluss, dass in dem Gebiet vier grosse, endemisch begruendete Baumzonen bestehen, deren Existenz auf dem heutigen hydrographischen Netz und seinen oekologischen Bedingugen beruht: 1. Die Trockengebiete der kristallinen Hochebenen am oberen Rio Negro und Rio Branco und auf dem suedamazonischen Schild; 2. Eine die Sedimentregion umgebende Zone; 3. Die Gebiete der Hochebenen und die hoeher gelegenen Teile der Sandaufschuettungen; 4. Die fruchtbaren Sedimentebenen. Ausserdem kann man die wechselnden Gebiete periodischer Ueberschwemmungen als kennzeichnende Zonen der augenblicklichen Entwicklungsphase des Amazonasbeckens ansehen.

Resumo em Inglês:

In continuation of the first part of the Catalogue of Arboreal Pollen Grains of the South Regions of Brazil, now we describe the MONIMIACEAE and DILLENIACEAE. The first belong phyllogenetically to the group of LAURACEAE and ANNONACEAE, proved by the morphological aspect of their pollen grains. The DILLENIACEAE belong to a parallel group, but also derive, like the antecedents, from primitive MAGNOLIACEAE. Their pollen grains are very different from all families, till now examined. Between the MONIMIACEAE of the rain-forest of the south region of Brazil, we found two morphological types of pollen grains: the first by Hennecartia omphalandra: round pollen grains, with a granulated superficies, the second by Mollinedia (all examined species): round pollen grains, also with a granulated superficies, which shows a sub-equatorial band without adornments. We did not observed any furrow in the two types. The Dillemiaceae were also divided into two groups: Davilla angustifolia, Doliocarpus lasiogyne and Tetracera oblongata, whose pollen grains possess each one three colpori, while Davilla rugosa is provided with four pori. All genera have a reticulated superficies.

Resumo em de:

In Fortsetzung des ersten Teils des katalogs der Baumpollen Suedbrasiliens werden hier di Monimiaceen und Dilleniaceen behandelt. Phylogenetisch gehoeren die ersteren zur Gruppe der Lauraceen und Annonaceen, was durch den morphologischen Befund ihrer Pollen bestaetigt wird. Die Dilleniaceen gehoeren einer paralelen Gruppe an, stammen aber auch, wie die vorherigen, von primitiven magnoliaceen ab. Ihre Pollenkoerner sind sehr verschieden von allen bisher von uns untersuchten Familien. Innerhalb der Monimiaceen der feucht-tropischen Waelder Sued-brasiliens, wurden zwei morphologische Pollentypen gefunden: der erste bei Hennecartia omphalandra: runde Pollen mit einer gekoernten Oberflaeche; der zweite bei Mollinedia (bei allen untersuchten Arten): runde Pollen, auch mit gekoernter Oberflaeche, die aber ein subaequatoriales glatter Band besitxen. Bei beiden Gattungen wurden keine Oeffnungsvorichtungen beobachtet. Die Dilleniaceen wurden auch in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt: Davilla angustifolia, Doliocarpus lasiogyne und Tetracera oblongata, deren Pollen je drei Colpori besitzen, waehrend Davilla rugosa mit vier Poren ausgestatte ist. Alle Gattungen besitzen eine netzartige Oberflaeche.