Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT A second amphibian species of terrestrial isopods in the genusXangoniscus Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014 and two new species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 are described from the Bambuí karst area in the state of Minas Gerais. Xangoniscus odara n. sp. and Trichorhina cipoensis n. sp. were collected in Lapa do Cipó cave, municipality of Itacarambi, andTrichorhina pataxosi n. sp. in Gruta do Sufoco and Gruta do Nei, municipality of Pedro Leopoldo.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT The family Talitridae Rafinesque, 1815 is the only group, among the amphipods, that colonized the terrestrial environment, and more than half of its species live in tropical and subtropical forests. Nowadays, the family has approximately 270 species described in 64 genera. Leaf litter samples from Atlantic forests and urban areas of the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, provided material to redescribe the two terrestrial species known to Brazil, Talitroides alluaudi (Chevreux, 1896) and Talitroides topitotum (Burt, 1934), and enlarge their known distribution. These species have a worldwide distribution, as they are commonly dispersed in a synanthropic way. Talitroides topitotum seems to be well established in Brazilian Atlantic forests: 96% of the 1787 individuals examined (51 samples) corresponded to this species. Also, females dominated the samples and only six males were found: four from T. alluaudi and two from T. topitotum. A detailed comparison of these two species, as well as their geographical distribution, is given.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT The amphipod Quadrivisio lutzi (Shoemaker, 1933) (Maeridae) inhabits the coastal lagoons of southeastern Brazil, which are highly unstable environments. Drastic reduction in the abundance and distribution of this amphipod on these lagoons has been observed. The constant recovery of its populations suggests that this species may show a reproductive strategy that helps it to persist on these environments. Therefore, our aim was to study the reproductive biology of this species in Carapebus lagoon and to answer the question if its reproductive strategy contributes to a rapid population recovery. The size-range at sexual maturity was determined by the relative growth of the gnathopods and by the number of articles in antennal flagella. Brood size, egg diameter, size at first maturity and other relative reproductive parameters were obtained, which were compared to other species using a multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Females reach maturity at smaller size-range (2.9-3.9 mm body length (BL) than males (4.9 -5.9 mm BL). Mean egg diameter was small (0.35 ± 0.08 mm) and fecundity was high (20.2 ± 9.2 eggs/female; maximum 48 eggs). The relative reproductive parameters observed in Q. lutzi suggest it as iteroparous species. The PCA situated Q. lutzi within the species of high reproductive potential, characterized by small female size at first maturity, small egg diameter, large brood size and iteroparity, which have been largely considered adaptations that allow rapid recovery of population sizes. Therefore, we concluded that the reproductive strategy of this species contributes to its survival in the highly unstable Carapebus lagoon at southeastern Brazil.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The goal of this study was to identify patterns of shell occupation by different species of hermit crabs from the southern Brazilian coast. In total, 644 individuals were collected, represented by six hermit species. Isocheles sawayai Forest & Saint Laurent, 1968 showed the highest abundance, with 575 individuals, followed by Loxopagurus loxochelis (Moreira, 1901) (n = 56). The other species were Petrochirus diogenes (Linnaeus, 1758), Dardanus insignis (Saussure, 1858), Pagurus exilis (Benedict, 1892) and Pagurus leptonyx Forest & Saint Laurent, 1968. Loxopagurus loxochelis was found associated with shells of 12 gastropod species, with 75% of males occupying shells of Olivancilaria urceus (Roding, 1798) and 78% of females inhabiting shells of Semicassis granulata (Born, 1778). Shells of Semicassis granulata were the lightest of all gastropod shells, demonstrating differential resource utilization. Additionally, I. sawayai occupied shells of 10 species, highlighting Stramonita haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767) with the highest occupation percentage in all demographic classes, confirming a pattern of occupation with a strong relationship to the availability of the resource. The comparison of our results with those of other studies corroborated the influence of region and gastropod diversity on gastropod shell occupation.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract A survey of the Leptostracan fauna of the British Isles collected from routine environmental monitoring samples revealed six species of Nebaliidae to be present in shallow waters. These species were identified as Nebalia herbstii Leach, 1814, Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826, Nebalia borealis Dahl, 1985, Nebalia kocatasi Moreira, Koçak and Katagan, 2007, Nebalia reboredae Moreira and Urgorri, 2009 in Moreira et al., 2009a and Sarsinebalia urgorrii Moreira, Gestoso and Troncoso, 2003. The presence of N. strausi , N. kocatasi , N. reboredae and S. urgorrii is reported from the British Isles for the first time. Three further species have been previously reported from the waters surrounding Britain and Ireland but were not recorded in the current study. Thus, the number of species recorded in the British Isles now stands at nine and the range of several species is extended northwards from previous records in the Mediterranean and the Iberian Peninsula. The diagnostic characters of Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985 are discussed and it is suggested that a formal reappraisal of the genus be conducted. A key to European Leptostraca is provided based on adult females.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Information concerning the morphology of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921 is currently fragmented. This study reviewed the morphological structures described previously and new features (e.g., antenna-like structures and gonopod). We review the distribution of this species and also expand the geographic distribution of D. brasiliensis in the state of Alagoas. The specimens were obtained from fish-breeding tanks in Porto Real do Colégio, Alagoas, Brazil, in November 2012. Several morphological structures of D. brasiliensis are described in greater detail, including all branches and sub-branches from the frontal appendage and thoracopods from one population and compared to other species.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This paper brings the description and illustrations of the abbreviated larval development of the Amazonian freshwater palaemonid shrimp, Macrobrachium inpa Kensley and Walker, 1982. The study was based on ovigerous females (mean total body length of 27.0 ± 1.64 mm) collected in a small forest stream in the Reserva Florestal Ducke, near Manaus, Brazil, of which four released their larvae in the laboratory. The females carried 8 to 19 eliptical (2.39 ± 0.10 X 1.67 ± 0.08 mm), yolk-rich eggs. The larval period consists of three benthic, lecithotrophic larval stages, and lasts 10-11 days. The newly-hatched larvae bear very advanced morphological features such as antenna with several marginal plumose seta on scaphocerite and long, multi-articulated flagellum; fully developed, functional uniramous pereiopods 3-5 (walking legs) and biramous pleopods. The morphology of the carapace, all appendages of the cephalothorax and pleon, and the tail fan are described in detail and illustrated. The larval form was considered to be a decapodid because of the benthic behavior and due to the fact that functional walking legs and pleopods are the main structures for displacement and propulsion. The larval development of M. inpa is compared with those of the so-called "continental" group of the caridean shrimps from the Amazon River basin.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Allometric growth of chelae dimensions was analyzed to assess the average size at the onset of morphometric maturity (ASOMM) and sexual dimorphism regarding the pair of chelae in the Aegla castro. Both adult males and females are heterochelous with the most robust chela occurring predominantly on the left side. Both chelae are larger in males than they are in females of similar size, thus characterizing these structures as sexually dimorphic traits. The ASOMM estimated for males and females were 10.91 and 10.03 mm of carapace length (CL), respectively. The increase in variability of chelae dimensions in post-pubertal males led to the recognition of two morphotypes (I and II). Temporal variation in the proportions of morphotype II males in relation to females showing late ovarian development was synchronous, making the sexually functional nature of these males evident. The average size at the onset of functional maturity (ASOFM) estimated for males (based on the transition from morphotype I to morphotype II) and females (based on the detection of late ovarian development or eggs) were 17.12 and 12.59 mm of CL, respectively. Ovigerous females were sampled from April through August 2007, characterizing a marked seasonal reproductive period lasting for 5 months.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern of gastropod shell occupation in the field and selection of shell size and type under laboratory conditions by the hermit crab Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852), inhabiting the infralittoral area of Anchieta Island, São Paulo, Brazil. Hermit crabs were obtained monthly during 1999 by SCUBA diving. For experiments under laboratory conditions, samplings were performed in 2002. The hermit crabs occupied 16 species of gastropods shells. Cerithium atratum (Born, 1778) was the most occupied shell (89.31%), followed by Morula nodulosa (4.73%) (Adams, 1845). No difference was observed in the pattern of occupation between males and females. The equations that best demonstrated the relationship between hermit crabs and their shells were those that involved Shell Wet Weight (SWW) and Shell Internal Volume (SIV). The laboratory experiments were in accordance to the pattern of occupation observed in the field; the mean value of SAI (Shell Adequacy Index) recorded to the population studied was 1.13 with a trend to increase this value in the last size classes. The results obtained corroborate with the hypothesis of the occupation process of shells governed not only by availability of shells, but also by its architecture. In addition, the shell stock in the area is one another important condition related to the exhibited pattern of shell occupation by P. criniticornis, and allows the stable coexistence among the island assemblage. The pattern of occupation observed promotes a high reproductive profile for the population studied, maximizing the populational growth.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Prof. Dr. Michael Türkay, curator of Crustacea in the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, unexpectedly passed away on 9th September 2015 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The Brazilian Crustacean Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Carcinologia ˗ SBC, in Portuguese), taking into account Michael's outstanding contribution to carcinology, his strong interest in New World decapods (Neotropical freshwater crabs in particular), and his ties with Brazilian colleagues, decided to honor his memory and legacy with a special series of publications in Nauplius, the Society's scientific journal. In the present opening article to the SBC tribute, his contributions to the study of New World decapods, particularly freshwater ones, are reviewed, and some reminiscences of the scientific partnership and friendship with the author are presented.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Three species of the porcellanid genus Enosteoides Johnson, 1970, including a new species, are reported from the Central Philippines on the basis of material mainly collected by the PANGLAO Marine Biodiversity Project 2004. Enosteoides lobatus Osawa, 2009 and E. palauensis (Nakasone and Miyake, 1968) are new to the Philippine crustacean fauna. Enosteoides turkayi n. sp. is most closely allied to E. melissa (Miyake, 1942) and E. philippinensis Dolorosa and Werding, 2014 in the shape and structure of the rostrum and chelipeds and the comparatively slender second to fourth pereopods. However, the new species is distinguished from E. melissa and E. philippinensis by the third thoracic sternite without an anteriorly produced median lobe and the carpi and propodi of the second to fourth pereopods being bright red for the most part.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Dendrocephalus riograndensis n. sp., a new species of fairy shrimp, is described from a single temporary pool in Santa Vitória do Palmar, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Males are readily separated from all other DendrocephalusDaday, 1908 species by the form of the frontal appendage and the form of the first thoracopods. This new species is most similar to Dendrocephalus goiasensis Rabet & Thiéry, 1996 and could be confused with this species. This new species appears to be endemic to Rio Grande do Sul.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract We examined how the sampling technique can affect the evaluation of Minuca vocator (Herbst, 1804) population structure. We used two sampling procedures: catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and quadrat technique (QT). Body size, size-frequency distribution, population density, juvenile recruitment rates, proportion of ovigerous females and sex ratio were compared between the sampling procedures. QT allowed us to estimate and compare crab and burrow densities. CPUE sampled both adult crabs and the largest crabs more frequently, whereas QT recorded a greater proportion of smaller crabs. CPUE underestimated the size of M. vocator populations, while density estimates obtained with QT were accurate. The proportion of juveniles was higher with QT than with CPUE, suggesting that recruitment rates estimated by QT were more suitable. The sampling effort provided by CPUE was more efficient for obtaining ovigerous-dependent information than QT. Both sampling techniques showed a predominance of males in all three M. vocator populations. The population density estimation based on burrows overestimated the natural density of M. vocator in all mangroves. Our results suggest that neither CPUE nor QT individually were accurate sampling techniques, but together provided reliable assessments of fiddler crab populations.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The morphology of the first zoeal stage of the decorator crab Macrocoeloma subparallelum (Stimpson, 1860) from Cuba is described and compared with the available descriptions for the genus. Among Macrocoeloma Miers, 1879 species, the first zoea of M. subparallelum can be differentiated only by the number of aesthetascs and setae of the antennule (4 and 2, respectively). Recently, Macrocoeloma has been placed as an incertae sedis genus in Majoidea, closely allied to other Epialtidae and Pisinae members. The distinct spine in the distal segment of the endopod of the first maxilliped in the zoeal stages of Macrocoeloma is similar to what we observe in other Epialtidae genera, a character that supports the recent phylogenetic findings.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Cladoceran males are not very frequent in natural populations, since they are only produced in stress situations. Thus, only a few species have had the male morphology described. Nevertheless, whenever data concerning the morphology of males is available, they are used as a tool to resolve taxonomic problems. In this study, the morphology of Coronatella paulinae Sousa, Elmoor-Loureiro and Santos, 2015 (Cladocera: Chydoridae) was described and compared to other species within the genus. Coronatella paulinae shares the diagnostic morphological traits typically attributed to the genus: (1) gonopores opening ventrally, subapically to the postabdominal claw; (2) marginal setulae arranged in groups on the postanal margin; (3) Inner Distal Lobe (IDL) armed with three setae, of which one is the male seta. The absence of lateral aesthetascs on male antennules might also be an important diagnostic character for the genus, since they are present in other Aloninae groups. Coronatella paulinae males present a unique combination of morphological traits on the postabdomen, which distinguish them from other Coronatella Dybowsky and Grochowski, 1894 species, such as a marked postanal angle and an almost straight basal spine, longer than the mid-length of the postabdominal claw.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract In the present paper, a new species of Achaeus Leach, 1817, is described from Easter Island and dedicated to the memory of Michael Türkay. This record represents the first inachid spider crab and the sixth endemic brachyuran to be described from the island. It can be differentiated from congeners by its relatively short carapace, with the postorbital region not elongated, the arrangement and number of tubercles on the dorsal carapace surface, prominent hepatic lobe, presence of a large anterodistal lobe on the ocular peduncle, as well as structures of the third maxilliped and ambulatory legs.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT Larvae of stomatopods (mantis shrimps) are generally categorized into four larval types: antizoea, pseudozoea (both representing early larval stages), alima and erichthus (the latter two representing later larval stages). These categories, however, do not reflect the existing morphological diversity of stomatopod larvae, which is largely unstudied. We describe here four previously unknown larval types with extreme morphologies. All specimens were found in the collections of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen and were collected during the Danish Dana Expedition round the world 1928-30. These new larval types all represent erichthus-type larvae, especially differing in their shield morphologies. The shield morphology ranges from almost spherical to rather disc-like, with sometimes extremely elongated spines, but only a general systematic assignment of the larvae was possible. Further investigations of these larvae are crucial to understand their life habits and ecological impact, especially as stomatopod and other crustacean larvae might have a much more important position in the marine ecosystems than their corresponding adults.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT The morphology of the first zoeal stage of Domecia acanthophora (Desbonne, in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867) was described from laboratory-hatched material obtained from ovigerous females collected at Vitória Island on the southeastern Brazilian coast. We compared the larval morphology (zoea I) of fourteen species of the superfamily Trapezioidea, which Domecia glabra Alcock, 1899 is the only congeneric representative of the species described in this study. The morphological characteristics of the first zoea that distinguish D. acanthophora from D. glabra are: three aesthetascs on the exopod antennule; three pairs of lateral spines on carapace; bilobed basial endite of maxilla, with four plumodenticulate setae on each lobe; and telson furcae distally spinulated. It also provides information that may enhance some phylogenetic hypotheses within Trapezioidea crabs.

Resumo em Inglês:

ABSTRACT We investigated the infestation by Octolasmis lowei Darwin, 1851 in branchial chambers of the portunid Achelous spinimanus (Latreille, 1819), Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818), Callinectes danae Smith, 1869, and Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863. We evaluated how infestation is related to host maturity, molt stage, carapace width and sex. The infestation probability increases with host carapace width, and infested crabs were more likely to be adults in intermolt stage. Infestation prevalence did not differ between sexes, except for C. ornatus, in which females had higher infestation than males. Infestation intensity was higher for males than females in A. cribrarius and A. spinimanus, while C. ornatus showed an opposite pattern. Association of O. lowei with portunid seems to be tightly related to the biological traits of its host. Some of these traits, such as host size, maturity and molt stage, are likely to affect infestation in a similar way for all host species, while the effect of other traits, such as sex identity, seems to vary among hosts. We suggest a deeper understanding of the factors driving host use by generalist epibionts such as O. lowei depends on investigating their occurrence on a variety of potential hosts, as well as performing manipulative studies to evaluate the factors driving host preferences by this epibiont.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The spatio-temporal distribution of juveniles of the pink shrimps Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) and Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) in the Ubatuba region (SP) was investigated. Sampling was performed in the bays of Ubatumirim (UBM), Ubatuba (UBA) and Mar Virado (MV). A total of 2,018 F. brasiliensis and F. paulensis were collected. The largest catch of juveniles of both species occurred in UBA (N = 867), followed by UBM (N = 729) and MV (N= 422). The bottom sediment in MV had the highest silt and clay content, which explains the negative correlation of the substrate with the abundance of both species. Temperature was positively correlated with the abundance of both species. Juveniles were highly abundant in shallower areas in the summer of 1998. The high rainfall in this El Niño period may have lowered the salinity in estuarine waters and led the shrimps to move to coastal areas in search of higher salinities such as in bays. With this unusually early reduction in salinity, individuals migrated to the bay before the closed season began and thus became more exposed to fishing. We confirmed that monitoring environmental variations, especially in El Niño years, is essential for understanding the distribution patterns of juveniles of both species.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) is the third most common species caught by fishing boats in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and production of this shrimp in the Cananéia region located on the southern coast of this state ranks second in the nation. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variation of the total biomass and size of X. kroyeri and analyze this variation against environmental factors in order to suggest some information about the best periods to fish this species. Samples were caught monthly from four sampling stations in Cananéia between July 2012 and June 2014 using a fishing boat equipped with otter-trawl nets. Temperature and salinity were monitored using a multiparameter probe, and sediment samples were also taken using a Van Veen-type gripper for particle size analysis. The shrimp were weighed, quantified, and carapace length was measured (mm). In general, the highest total biomass values were recorded when the fishery was closed in the southeast and south regions, and the highest catch of smaller individuals was also observed during this period. In contrast, in November 2013 the fishing is permitted and high biomass composed of large individuals was observed. The monthly biomass showed a positive relationship with sediment texture, because this species prefers very fine sediments to burrow as a defense against predators.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract A new species of the freshwater crab genus Sundathelphusa Bott, 1969 is described from the Indonesian island of Lombok. Sundathelphusa tuerkayi, new species, appears to be most closely related to Sundathelphusa aruana (Roux, 1911), which is known for certain only from the Aru Islands, but differs from it and all other congeners by a unique combination of morphological characters. The new crab hosts a small ectosymbiotic temnocephalid flatworm, possibly belonging to the genus Temnosewellia Damborenea and Cannon, 2001 (Platyhelminthes: Temnocephalida).

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This study aimed to characterize the population dynamics of Hyalella bonariensis Bond-Buckup, Araujo & Santos, 2008 from headwater spring in a rural area of state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Four samples were collected in August (winter) and October (spring) of 2012 and January (summer) and April (autumn) of 2013. Ovigerous females and precopula pairs were separated from other individual in the field. A total of 5,266 specimens were sampled, being 1,878 males, 2,073 females (including 240 ovigerous females) and 1,315 juveniles. The frequency distribution of size classes (measured as cephalothorax length, CL) was polymodal and bimodal in males and females, respectively. Males reach larger size than females. Sexual maturity of males and females was estimated at 0.40 and 0.38 mm for CL, respectively. Total sex ratio favored females, and these were more frequent in intermediate size classes, while males were more frequent in larger size classes. Ovigerous females and couples were found in four seasons, but both were more abundant in winter. Juveniles were also found in all seasons, being more frequent in winter and spring. These results showed that this H. bonariensis population has similar dynamics to other species of Hyalella Smith, 1874 from Brazil, but present variations when compared to other freshwater amphipods.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract A new species of the freshwater crab genus Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838, is described from Gorongosa National Park in Sofala Province, Mozambique, southern Africa. Potamonautes gorongosa, new species, is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from the other species of Potamonautes found in Mozambique and nearby countries, and is most closely related to Potamonautes mutareensis Phiri and Daniels, 2013, from eastern Zimbabwe. The new species differs from this species and its other congeners by a unique combination of morphological characters of the first gonopod, the anterior sternum, third maxilliped, and the major cheliped. Illustrations of P. gorongosa new species are provided, and differences with other species found in Mozambique and southeastern Africa are discussed.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The ghost shrimp Ctenocheloides almeidai Anker and Pachelle, 2013 was described based on a single specimen collected at Ponta Verde, Maceió, state of Alagoas, northeastern Brazil. Here, we report the species from Porto Seguro, Bahia (~16º23'S), extending its distribution in the Brazilian coast in approximately 7 degrees south from the type locality in Maceió, Alagoas (~9º40'S). Notes on morphological variation of the species are provided based on the present material.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This is a brief comment on Nilton Hebling's career and contribution to carcinology. Our intention is to show to next generation of carcinologists some insights of his professional life, and to acknowledge his great attitude while teaching and mentoring many Brazilian carcinologists.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract In a recent paper (2015) I proposed a method to draw accurate line drawings for taxonomic studies, using taxa from Oniscidea. To complement that work, this short communication proposes a free-hand way to quickly draw areas with small setae or hairs, such as in penicils of mouth parts. This method enhances the previous drawing procedure, it takes a brief practice time, and allows a better quality of scientific illustrations.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The crab Euchirograpsus americanus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Plagusiidae) has so far only been recorded in Brazil in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Here we report its first occurrence from northeastern Brazil, from the Potiguar Basin in the state of Rio Grande do Norte.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Recent marine expeditions to the Abu-Musa Island (in the Persian Gulf) and Gulf of Oman yielded a first record of the porcelain crab Petrolisthes virgatus Paul'son, 1875, that had not been recorded from these water bodies. In both localities, specimens have been collected from rock crevices in the rocky-cobble shores of the low intertidal zone. Records of this species extend its range in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract We designed 14 new primers for amplification of the COI barcode region of decapod crustacean species. We tested, with high level of success, the generation of ~ 640 ± 49 base-pair sequences in selected groups of decapods (hermit crabs, squat lobsters, marine and freshwater crabs and shrimps), encompassing representatives of 27 genera of 15 families, 11 of Pleocyemata (Anomura, Brachyura, and Caridea) and 4 of Dendrobranchiata. Based on the results we expect the applicability of these primers for several studies with different taxa within Decapoda.